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Old English

From Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Old English
Anglo-Saxon
Ænglisċ, Englisċ, Anglisc
A detail of the first page of theBeowulf manuscript, showing the words "ofer hron rade", translated as "over the whale's road (sea)". It is an example of an Old English stylistic device, thekenning.
Pronunciation[ˈeŋɡliʃ]
RegionEngland (except the extreme south-west and north-west), southern and easternScotland, and the eastern fringes of modernWales.
EthnicityAnglo Saxons
Eramostly developed intoMiddle English andEarly Scots by the 13th century
Dialects
Runic, laterLatin (Old English alphabet).
Language codes
ISO 639-2ang
ISO 639-3ang
ISO 639-6ango
Glottologolde1238
This article containsIPA phonetic symbols. Without properrendering support, you may seequestion marks, boxes, or other symbols instead ofUnicode characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, seeHelp:IPA.

Old English (Englisċ orÆnglisc) orAnglo-Saxon,[1] was spoken inAnglo-Saxon England from 450AD to 1100AD. It was spoken by theAnglo-Saxons, who came toGreat Britain from what are nowGermany andDenmark. DifferentAnglo-Saxon kingdoms spoke differentdialects, but a western dialect became the main literary version. Both modern languages ofEngland andScotland (English andScots) came from the language of the Anglo-Saxons.

Old English is aWest Germanic language and developed out ofIngvaeonic, which is very different fromModern English because it is closer toGerman than to English and has for its closest relativesOld Frisian andOld Saxon. It has many moreGermanic words, difficultgrammar and complexinflections.

In early centuries, Old English was rarely written down, and even then, it was inrunes. After the 8th century, theLatin alphabet was used more often by churchmen like theVenerable Bede. After theNorman conquest of England in1066, Old English was replaced byAnglo-Norman, which gradually turned intoMiddle English.

Theepic poemBeowulf is written in Old English in analphabetic script.

Old English comparison
Languageswordlist
Englishapplepatheattidemakechildgiveday
Old Englishæppelpæþetantidmaciancildgiefandæg
GermanApfelPfadessenTidemachenKindgebenTag

References

[change |change source]
  1. By the 16th century the termAnglo-Saxon came to refer to all things of the early English period, including language, culture, and people. While it remains the normal term for the latter two aspects, the language began to be called Old English towards the end of the 19th century, as a result of the increasingly strong anti-German nationalism in English society of the 1890s and early 1900s. However, many authors still also use the term Anglo-Saxon to refer to the language.Crystal, David (2003).The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the English Language. Cambridge University Press.ISBN 0-521-53033-4.

Other websites

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Old English edition ofWikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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