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November 8

From Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

November 8 is the 312th day of the year(313th inleap years) in theGregorian calendar.There are 53 days remaining until the end of the year.

Events

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Up to 1900

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1278–Tran Thanh Tang, secondEmperor ofVietnam'sTran Dynasty, decides to pass the throne to crown princeTran Kham.
1519–Hernán Cortés entersTenochtitlán andAztec rulerMoctezuma welcomes him with great pomp as would befit a returninggod.
1520–Stockholm Bloodbath begins: A successful invasion ofSweden byDanish forces results in the execution of around 100 persons.
1576–Eighty Years' War: TheStates General of the Netherlands meet and unite to oppose Spanish occupation.
1602– TheBodleian Library in theUniversity of Oxford is opened to the public.
1605–Robert Catesby, ringleader of theGunpowder Plotters, is killed.
1620– TheBattle of White Mountain, the first battle in theThirty Years' War, takes place nearPrague, ending in a decisive Catholic victory in only two hours.
1644–Shunzhi Emperor, the firstEmperor ofChina'sQing Dynasty, is enthroned inBeijing.
1745–Charles Edward Stuart invadesEngland with an army of around 5,000 that would later take part in theBattle of Culloden.
1793– InParis, theFrench Revolutionary government opens theLouvre to the public as amuseum.
1798– British seafarerJohn Fearn becomes the firstEuropean to set foot on the island ofNauru, which he namesPleasant Island.
1861–American Civil War: The Trent Affair – The USSSan Jacinto stops theBritish mail shipTrent and arrests twoConfederate envoys, sparkingadiplomatic crisis between theUK and theUSA.
1864–U.S. presidential election:Abraham Lincoln is reelected in an overwhelming victory overGeorge McClellan.
1867– Two explosions occur at the FerndaleColliery inWales, killing 178 people.
1889–Montana is admitted as the 41stU.S. state.
1892–U.S. presidential election:Grover Cleveland is elected overBenjamin Harrison andJames B. Weaver to win the second of his non–consecutive terms.
1895– While experimenting withelectricity,Wilhelm Röntgen discoversx-rays.

1901– 2000

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1923–Beer Hall Putsch: InMunich,Adolf Hitler leads theNazis in an unsuccessful attempt to overthrow theGerman government.
1932–U.S. presidential election:Franklin D. Roosevelt defeatsHerbert Hoover in a landslide victory.
1933– As part of theNew Deal program,Franklin D. Roosevelt unveils theCivil Works Administration, an organization designed to create jobs for over 4million unemployed.
1935–Fernand Bouisson becomesPrime Minister of France.
1936–Spanish Civil War: Start of theSiege of Madrid.
1939– InMunich,Adolf Hitler escapes anassassination attempt while celebrating the 16th anniversary of theBeer Hall Putsch.
1940–Greco-Italian War:Italy's invasion ofGreece fails as outnumbered Greek units push back the Italians in theBattle of Elaia-Kalamas.
1942–World War II:Operation Torch –United States andUnited Kingdom forces land inFrench North Africa.
1942–World War II: French resistance coup in Algiers, by which 400 Civil French patriots neutralized Vichyist XIXth Army Corps during 15 hours, arrested Vichyist generals (Juin, Darlan, etc.), and so allowed the immediate success ofOperation Torch in Algiers, then, from there, to the wholeFrench North Africa.
1950–Korean War:United States Air Force Lt.Russell J. Brown shoots down twoNorth Korean MiG-15s in the firstjet aircraft–to–jet aircraftdog fight in history.
1957– TheUnited Kingdom conducts its first successfulhydrogen bomb test overKiritimati in the SouthPacific Ocean.
1959–Basketball playerElgin Baylor of theMinneapolis Lakers sets a newNBA record, scoring 64 points, against theBoston Celtics.
1960–U.S. presidential election:John F. Kennedy is elected overRichard M. Nixon in a very close election. He becomes the youngest man elected to that office.
1965– TheBritish Indian Ocean Territory is created. It includesChagos Archipelago,Aldabra,Farquhar andDes Roches islands.
1965– The soap operaDays of Our Lives debuts onNBC in theUnited States.
1966– FormerMassachusetts attorney general Edward Brooke becomes the firstAfrican American elected to theUnited States Senate.
1973– The rightear ofJohn Paul Getty III is delivered to a newspaper together with a ransom note, convincing his father to pay 2.9million United States Dollars.
1974– InSalt Lake City, Utah, Carol DaRonch narrowly escapes abduction by serial killerTed Bundy.
1976– A series ofearthquakes spreads panic inThessaloniki,Greece.
1977–Manolis Andronikos, Greekarchaeologist andprofessor, discovers the tomb ofPhilip of Macedon at Vergina, Greece.
1982–Wethersfield, Connecticut, a meteorite crashed through the roof of Wanda and Bob Donahue's house at 461 Church Street.
1983– Lubango,Angola – ABoeing 727 of Angola Airlines crashes and explodes shortly after take–off, killing all 130 people on board.
1987– Eleven people are killed inEnniskillen,Northern Ireland, when abomb explodes.
1988–U.S. presidential election:George H. W. Bush is elected overMichael Dukakis.
1991– Atyphoon causes massiveflooding in thePhilippines, killing 7,000 people.
1994– For the first time in 40 years theUnited States Republican Party takes control of both theHouse of Representatives and theSenate in midterm congressional elections.
2000– A re–count of electoral votes inFlorida takes place, because of a dispute in the2000 United States Presidential Election betweenGeorge W. Bush andAl Gore.

From 2001

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2002–Iraq Disarmament Crisis:UN Security Council Resolution 1441 – TheUnited Nations Security Council approves a resolution onIraq, forcingSaddam Hussein to disarm, or face "serious questions".
2004–War in Iraq: More than 10,000U.S. troops and a small number ofIraqi army units participate in a siege on the insurgent stronghold ofFallujah.
2005–Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf is electedPresident ofLiberia. This leads to her becomingAfrica's first elected female President onJanuary 16,2006.
2006– After theRepublican Party made losses in the mid–term elections,Donald Rumsfeld,United States Secretary of Defense, submits his resignation toGeorge W. Bush.Robert Gates succeeds him.
2011–Asteroid 2005 YU55 passes within 35,000kilometers ofEarth.
2013–Typhoon Haiyan strikes thePhilippines with some of the strongest typhoon winds recorded. It is estimated to have killed over 6,000 people and caused over 1billion US Dollars in damage.
2014– FormerSoviet leaderMikhail Gorbachev warns that the world is close to anotherCold War, over tensions between the West andRussia and armed conflicts in theMiddle East, in a speech marking 25 years since the fall of theBerlin Wall.
2016–United States presidential election, 2016:Donald Trump is elected the 45thPresident of the United States overHillary Clinton in theElectoral College, though Clinton had won more votes overall.
2017–Priti Patel resigns from the Britishcabinet because of a controversy over undeclared meetings withIsraeli government ministers.
2018–Camp Fire: A massivefire kills 85 people inButte County, California; it is one of the deadliest–ever forest fires in theUnited States, and destroys the town ofParadise.

Births

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Up to 1900

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30–Marcus Cocceius Nerva, Roman Emperor (d.98)
1342–Julian of Norwich, Englishsaint (d.1416)
1491–Teofilo Folengo, Italianpoet (d.1544)
1563–Henry II, Duke of Lorraine (d.1624)
1622– KingCharles X of Sweden (d.1660)
1656–Edmond Halley, Englishastronomer (d.1742)
1706–Johann Ulrich von Cramer, German judge andphilosopher (d.1772)
1710–Sarah Fielding, Englishwriter (d.1768)
1715–Elisabeth Christine von Braunschweig-Bevern, wife ofFrederick II of Prussia (d.1797)
1723–John Byron, British naval officer (d.1786)
1737–Antoine Bruni d'Entrecastaeux, French explorer (d.1793)
1768–Princess Augusta Sophia of the United Kingdom (d.1840)
1777–Désirée Clary, French–born Queen Consort ofSweden (d.1860)
1802–Benjamin Hall, 1st Baron Llanover, Welsh civil engineer and politician (d.1867)
1810–Pierre Bosquet, Marshal of France (d.1861)
1823–Joseph Monier, French gardener, inventor and businessman (d.1906)
1831–Robert Bulwer-Lytton, 1st Earl of Lytton, Englishpoet anddiplomat, 30th Governor–General (d.1880)
1836–Milton Bradley, American game manufacturer (d.1911)
1837–Ilia Chavchavadze, national hero ofGeorgia (d.1907)
1846–William Robertson Smith, Scottishorientalist,Old Testament scholar andFree Church of Scotland minister (d.1894)
1847–Bram Stoker,Irish novelist (Dracula) (d.1912)
1847–Jean Casimir-Perier, French politician (d.1907)
1848–Gottlob Frege, Germanmathematician andphilosopher (d.1925)
1852–Lin Shu,Chinese translator (d.1924)
1854–Johannes Rydberg,Swedish physicist (d.1919)
1864–Vera Komissarzhevskaya, Russian actress (d.1910)
1866–Herbert Austin, Englishautomobile pioneer (d.1941)
1868–Felix Hausdorff, Germanmathematician (d.1942)
1869–Zinaida Gippius, Russian poet (d.1945)
1869–Joseph Franklin Rutherford, American religious leader (d.1942)
1873–Gaetano Salvemini, Italian politician, historian and publicist (d.1957)
1875–Qiu Jin, Chinese writer (d.1907)
1881–Clarence Gagnon, French–Canadianartist and painter (d.1942)
1883–Arnold Bax, English composer (d.1953)
1884–Hermann Rorschach, Swisspsychiatrist (d.1922)
1885–Emil Fahrenkamp, Germanarchitect (d.1966)
1885–Tomoyuki Yamashita, Japanese admiral (d.1946)
1893–Clarence Williams,American pianist andcomposer (d.1965)
1893–Prajadhipok,King ofSiam (d.1941)
1896–Marie Prevost, Canadian actress (d.1937)
1897–Dorothy Day, American social activist andjournalist (d.1980)
1900–Margaret Mitchell, Americanwriter (d.1949)
1900–Charlie Paddock, Americanathlete (d.1943)

1901– 1950

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1903–Luigi Allemandi, Italianfootballer (d.1978)
1910–Elfriede Brüning, German journalist and novelist (d.2014)
1912–Stylianos Pattakos, Greek military officer (d.2016)
1912–June Havoc, Canadian–Americanactress (d.2010)
1914–Norman Lloyd, Americandirector,producer andactor (d.2021)
1914–George Dantzig, Americanmathematician (d.2005)
1916–Peter Weiss, German–born Swedishwriter,painter andexperimental movie maker (d.1982)
1918–Hermann Zapf, German designer (d.2015)
1920–Esther Rolle, American actress (d.1998)
1922–Christiaan Barnard,South African heart surgeon (d.2001)
1922–Ademir Marques de Menezes, Brazilianfootballer (d.1996)
1923–Jack Kilby, Americanelectrical engineer (d.2005)
1925–Asunción Balaguer, Spanish actress (d.2019)
1927–L. K. Advani, Indian politician
1927–Patti Page, American singer (d.2013)
1927–Ken Dodd, Englishcomedian (d.2018)
1927–Nguyen Khanh,South Vietnamese Prime Minister (d.2013)
1929–Jona Senilagakali,Fijian physician,diplomat and 7thPrime Minister ofFiji (d.2011)
1931–Morley Safer, Canadian–Americanjournalist (d.2016)
1931–Dorla Hood, American actress (d.1979)
1932–Simo Salminen, Finnish comic actor (d.2015)
1933–Peter Arundell, British racing driver (d.2009)
1935–Alain Delon, Frenchmovie actor
1936–Edward Wilson, Americanastronaut
1936–Virna Lisi, Italian actress (d.2014)
1938–Richard Stoker, English composer and writer
1938–Murtala Mohammed,President ofNigeria (d.1976)
1939–Elizabeth Dawn, English actress (d.2017)
1940–Charles T. Kowal, Americanastronomer (d.2011)
1941–Nerys Hughes, Welshactress
1942–Sandro Mazzola, Italianfootballer
1943–Martin Peters, Englishfootballer
1945–Arduino Cantafora, Italian–Swissarchitect andwriter
1945–Vincent Nichols, English cardinal andArchbishop ofWestminster
1946–Guus Hiddink,Dutch football manager
1946–Roy Wood, British musician
1947–Minnie Riperton, American singer (d.1979)
1947–Margaret Rhea Seddon, Americanphysician andastronaut
1948–Dale Gardner, Americanastronaut (d.2014)
1949–Bonnie Raitt, Americanrock musician
1949–Wayne LaPierre, American Executive President of theNational Rifle Association of America
1950–Mary Hart, Americantelevision host

1951– 1975

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1952–Christie Hefner, formerCEO ofPlayboy Enterprises
1952–Alfre Woodard, American actress
1953–John Musker, Americananimation director
1954–Kazuo Ishiguro, Japanese–British writer
1954–Bill Joy, Americancomputer scientist
1954–Jeanette McGruder, American musician (P Funk)
1954–Rickie Lee Jones, American singer–songwriter
1955–Patricia Barber, American singer, songwriter, pianist andbandleader
1956–Mari Boine, Norwegian musician
1956–Richard Curtis, Englishscreenwriter
1957–Alan Curbishley, English football manager
1957–Porl Thompson, British musician (The Cure)
1958–Don Byron, Americanjazz musician
1960–Oleg Menshikov, Russian actor
1960–Michael Nyqvist, Swedish actor (d.2017)
1961–Leif Garrett, American singer–songwriter
1965–Robert Tappan Morris, American computer scientist
1966–Gordon Ramsay,Scottish chef andtelevision personality
1967–José Luis Caminero, Spanishfootballer
1967–Courtney Thorne-Smith, American actress
1968–Sergio Porrini, Italianfootballer
1968–Parker Posey, American actress
1968–Zara Whites, Dutch–French pornographic actress
1969–Roxana Zal, American actress
1970–Tom Anderson, co–founder ofMyspace
1970–José Porras,Costa Rican footballer
1972–Aksel V. Johannesen, formerPrime Minister of theFaroe Islands
1972–Gretchen Mol, American actress
1974–Masashi Kishimoto, Japanesemanga writer
1974–Seishi Kishimoto, Japanesemanga writer
1974–Matthew Rhys,Welsh actor
1975–Tara Reid, Americanactress andproducer

From 1976

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1976–Brett Lee,Australian cricketer
1978–Ali Karimi,Iranian footballer
1978–Tim de Cler, Dutchfootballer
1979–Aaron Hughes,Northern Irish footballer
1979–Paul Sackey, Englishrugby player
1980–Luís Fabiano,Brazilian footballer
1981–Joe Cole,English footballer
1982–Sam Sparro, Australiansinger, performer and producer
1982–Mika Kallio, Finnishmotorcycle racer
1982–Ted DiBiase, Jr., Americanprofessional wrestler
1982–Lynndie England, formerUnited States Army reservist
1983–Chris Rankin, New Zealand actor
1983–Pavel Pogrebnyak, Russian footballer
1983–Blanka Vlasic, Croatian high jumper
1985–Magda Apanowicz, Canadian actress
1985–Jack Osbourne, English television personality
1986–Aaron Swartz, American activist and computer programmer (Twitter) (d.2013)
1986–Jamie Roberts, Welshrugby player
1987–Kazuchika Okada, Japaneseprofessional wrestler
1987–Samantha Droke, American actress
1987–Eduardo Gurbindo, Spanishhandball player
1988–Jessica Lowndes, Canadian actress
1989–Morgan Schneiderlin, Frenchfootballer
1991–Riker Lynch, Americansinger,actor andmusician
1994–Lauren Alaina, Americancountry music singer
2000–Jasmine Thompson, Britishpianist,dancer,singer andactress
2001–Matilda Ramsay, British chef and television personality
2003–Lady Louise Windsor,British royal

Deaths

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Up to 1900

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397– SaintMartin of Tours
618–Pope Adeodatus I
955–Pope Agapetus II
1115–Godfrey of Amiens, Frenchbishop (b.1066)
1171–Baldwin IV, Count of Hainaut (b.1108)
1195–Conrad, Count Palatine of the Rhine (b.1135)
1226– KingLouis VIII of France (b.1187)
1246–Berengaria of Castile (b.1180)
1308–Duns Scotus, Scottishphilosopher
1517–Francisco Jimenez de Cisneros, Spanishstatesman andcardinal (b.1436)
1599–Francisco Guerrero, Spanish composer (b.1528)
1605–Robert Catesby, EnglishGunpowder Plot conspirator (b.1573)
1627–Jahangir, Mughal Emperor (b.1569)
1658–Witte Corneliszoon de With, Dutchcaptain (b.1599)
1674–John Milton, Englishpoet (b.1608)
1719–Michel Rolle, Frenchmathematician (b.1652)
1817–Andrea Appiani, Italian painter (b.1754)
1830– KingFrancis I of the Two Sicilies (b.1777)
1858–Benjamin Franklin Butler,United States Attorney General (b.1795)
1873–Breton de los Herreros, Spanishplaywright (b.1796)
1887–Doc Holliday, American Western figure (b.1851)
1890–César Franck,Belgian composer and organist (b.1822)

1901– 2000

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1905–Victor Borisov-Musatov, Russian painter (b.1870)
1917–Colin Blythe, Englishcricketer andsoldier (b.1879)
1933–Mohammed Nadir Shah,King ofAfghanistan (b.1883)
1934–Carlos Chagas, Brazilianphysician (b.1879)
1944–Walter Nowotny, Austrian–Germansoldier andpilot (b.1920)
1949–Cyriel Verschaeve, Belgian–Austrianpriest andactivist (b.1874)
1953–Ivan Bunin,Russian writer (b.1870)
1959–Frank S. Land, Americanactivist (b.1890)
1965–Dorothy Kilgallen, Americanactress andtelevision presenter (b.1913)
1968–Peter Mohr Dam, 3rdPrime Minister of theFaroe Islands (b.1898)
1976–Giorgio Ferrini, Italianfootballer (b.1939)
1978–Norman Rockwell, American illustrator (b.1894)
1979–Yvonne de Gaulle, First Lady ofFrance (b.1900)
1983–James Booker, Americanjazz singer (b.1939)
1985–Nicolas Frantz,Luxembourg cyclist (b.1899)
1985–Masten Gregory, American racing driver (b.1932)
1986–Vyacheslav Mikhailovich Molotov, Soviet politician (b.1890)
1998–John Hunt, Baron Hunt, Englishmountaineer (b.1910)
1998–Jean Marais, French actor (b.1913)
1999–Leon Stukelj,Slovenian gymnast (b.1898)

From 2001

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2007–Stephen Fumio Hamao, Japanesecardinal (b.1930)
2007–Chad Varah, Englishhumanitarian (b.1911)
2009–Vitaly Ginzburg, Russianphysicist (b.1916)
2010–Emilio Eduardo Massera,Argentine naval officer (b.1925)
2011–Hal Bruno, Americanjournalist (b.1928)
2011–Valentin Kozmich Ivanov, Russianfootballer (b.1934)
2011–Heavy D, Americanrapper (b.1967)
2012–Lucille Bliss, Americanactress (b.1916)
2014–Phil Crane, American politician (b.1930)
2014–Ernie Vandeweghe, Canadian–Americanbasketball player (b.1928)
2014–Otto Ziege, German cyclist (b.1926)
2015–Rhea Chiles, American philanthropist (b.1930)
2017–Antonio Carluccio, Italian chef (b.1937)
2017–Roger Grenier, French writer and journalist (b.1919)
2017–Wood Moy, Chinese–American actor (b.1918)
2018–Harold Basch, American–born Israeli chemist (b.1940)
2018–Bartolomé Bennassar, French historian (b.1929)
2018–François N. Macerola, Canadian lawyer and film executive (b.1942)
2018–Wallace Triplett, American football player (b.1926)
2018–Marvin Zuckerman, American psychologist and writer (b.1928)
2019–Fred Bongusto, Italian singer–songwriter and composer (b.1935)
2019–Lucette Destouches, French ballet dancer and instructor (b.1912)
2019–Jackie Moore, American singer (b.1946)

Observances

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World Urbanism Day
World Radiography Day

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Days of the year

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