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May 18

From Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

May 18 is the 138th day of the year(139th inleap years) in theGregorian calendar.There are 227 days remaining until the end of the year.

Events

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Up to 1900

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44 BC–Comet Caesar is discovered byChinese astronomers.
332– EmperorConstantine announces distributions offood to citizens inConstantinople.
1152–Henry II of England marriesEleanor of Aquitaine.
1388– During theBattle of Buyur Lake, GeneralLan Yu leads a Chinesearmy forward to crush theMongol hordes ofToghus Temur, the Khan of Northern Yuan.
1498–Vasco da Gama reachesCalicut, in southernIndia.
1499–Alonso de Ojeda sets sail fromCadiz on a voyage to present–dayVenezuela.
1565– TheSiege of Malta begins as theOttomans unsuccessfully attempt to conquerMalta.
1631–John Winthrop becomes the 1stGovernor ofMassachusetts.
1652–Rhode Island passes the first law inNorth America that declaresSlavery illegal.
1756– TheSeven Years' War begins asGreat Britain declares war onFrance.
1763–Fire destroys a large part ofMontreal.
1803–Napoleonic Wars: TheUnited Kingdom declares war onFrance.
1804–Napoleon Bonaparte is proclaimedEmperor ofFrance by the French Senate.
1811–Uruguayan forces underJosé Artigas defeat Spanish colonial troops in theBattle of Las Piedras.
1812–John Bellingham is sentenced to death for killingPrime Minister of the United Kingdom Spencer Perceval.
1843– Disruption inEdinburgh of the Free Church ofScotland from theChurch of Scotland.
1848– Opening of the first National Assembly ofGermany opens inFrankfurt.
1860–Abraham Lincoln wins theRepublican Party nomination forPresident of the United States, ahead ofWilliam H. Seward.
1863–American Civil War: TheSiege of Vicksburg begins.
1869– One day after surrendering at theBattle ofHakodate,Emomoto Takeaki turns overGoryokaku toJapanese forces, signaling the collapse of theRepublic of Ezo.
1896– Khodynka tragedy: Mass panic at the coronation celebration ofTsar Nicholas II of Russia inMoscow results in 1,389 people being killed.
1900– TheUK declaresTonga a British protectorate.

1901– 2000

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1910–Earth passes through the tail ofHalley's Comet.
1912– The firstIndian movie,Shree Mandalik, is released inBombay.
1927– Bath School disaster: 45 people are killed bybombs planted byAndrew Kehoe, who is also killed, at Bath School inMichigan.
1944–World War II: German paratroopers abandonMonte Cassino after severe fighting.
1944– Deporting ofCrimean Tatars by theSoviet Government begins.
1951– InLund,Sweden,Tetra Pak is introduced, developed byErik Wallenberg, through an idea byRuben Rausing.
1953–Jackie Cochran becomes the firstwoman to break thesound barrier.
1955– End of Operation Passage to Freedom: An evacuation of 310,000Vietnamese civilians,soldiers and non–Vietnamese members of the Frencharmy fromCommunist North Vietnam toSouth Vietnam ends, following the end of the FirstIndochina War.
1956– First ascent ofLhotse, in theHimalayas, at 8,516 metres abovesea level, by a Swiss team.
1958– An F–104 starfighter sets aworld speed record at 1,404.19miles per hour (2,259.82kilometres per hour).
1969–Apollo 10 is launched.
1974–India tests nuclear weapons.
1974– TheWarsaw radio mast is completed. It collapses onAugust 8,1991.
1980–South Korean students inGwangju begin pro–democracy protests, which are violently crushed, killing 297.
1980–Mount St. Helens inWashington state erupts. A large amount of destruction is caused as many trees and wildlife die, and darkness falls over the nearby area. 57 people are killed, includingHarry Randall Truman, who famously refused to leave the area prior to the eruption. It is the costliestvolcanic disaster inUS history.
1990– InFrance, a modifiedTGV train achieves a new rail world speed record of 515.3kilometers per hour/320.2miles per hour.
1991– NorthernSomalia declares independence as theRepublic ofSomaliland, which, to this day, remains unrecognised internationally.
1991–Helen Sharman becomes the firstBriton inspace.
1993– InDenmark, most voters support theMaastricht Treaty, after previously rejecting it in1992.
1995– FormerUnited States Army veteranShawn Nelson goes on a tank rampage inSan Diego,California.
1996–Eimear Quinn, representingIreland, wins the 41stEurovision Song Contest inOslo,Norway. It is Ireland's 4th win in 5 contests.
1999–Carlo Azeglio Ciampi becomesPresident ofItaly.

From 2001

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2005– TheHubble Space Telescope confirms the discovery ofPluto's moonsNix andHydra.
2009– TheSri Lankan Civil War comes to an end, as government forces defeat theLiberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam.
2012–Facebook puts its shares onto the Stock Exchange.
2013– InMalmo, southernSweden,Emmelie de Forest wins theEurovision Song Contest 2013 forDenmark, with the songOnly Teardrops.
2015– Alandslide in Salgar,Colombia, kills at least 52 people.
2018– 10 people are killed in theSanta Fe High School shooting inTexas.
2018– Cubana de Aviacion Flight 972 crashes shortly after take–off fromHavana Airport inCuba, killing 110 people.
2019–2019 Australian federal election:Scott Morrison's conservative coalition scores an unexpected victory in a closely fought election over theAustralian Labor Party underBill Shorten.
2019–Freedom Party leaderHeinz-Christian Strache resigns as Vice–Chancellor ofAustria after a video emerges of him being involved in acorruption controversy; ChancellorSebastian Kurz calls for an early election.
2019– The64th Eurovision Song Contest is held inTel Aviv,Israel, and is won byDuncan Laurence of theNetherlands; this is the first Dutch victory of the contest since1975.

Births

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Up to 1900

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1048–Omar Khayyam,Persian mathematician,poet andphilosopher (d.1131)
1186–Konstantin of Rostov, Prince ofNovgorod (d.1218)
1610–Stefano della Bella, Italian printmaker (d.1664)
1692–Joseph Butler, Englishphilosopher andbishop (d.1752)
1778–Andrew Ure, Scottishphysician andchemist (d.1857)
1781–David Hazzard,Governor ofDelaware (d.1864)
1788–Hugh Clapperton, Scottish naval officer and explorer (d.1827)
1797– KingFrederick Augustus II of Saxony (d.1854)
1822–Matthew Brady, Americanphotographer (d.1896)
1848–Hermann Alexander Diels, Germanphilologist (d.1922)
1850–Oliver Heavside, Englishphysicist (d.1925)
1851–James Budd, 19thGovernor ofCalifornia (d.1908)
1852–Gertrud Kaesebier, Americanphotographer (d.1934)
1854–Bernard Zweers, Dutchcomposer andmusic teacher (d.1924)
1862–Josephus Daniels, 41stUnited States Secretary of the Navy (d.1948)
1868– TsarNicholas II of Russia (d.1918)
1872–Bertrand Russell, Britishphilosopher (d.1970)
1873–Lucy Beaumont, Britishactress (d.1937)
1876–Hermann Müller,Chancellor of Germany (d.1931)
1878–Johannes Terwogt, Dutch rower (d.1977)
1882–Babe Adams, Americanbaseball player (d.1968)
1883–Eurico Gaspar Dutra,President of Brazil (d.1974)
1883–Walter Gropius, Germanarchitect (d.1969)
1887–Jeanie MacPherson, Americanactress andscreenwriter (d.1946)
1889–Gunnar Gunnarsson,Icelandic writer (d.1975)
1889–Thomas Midgley, Jr., Americanchemist andinventor (d.1944)
1891–Rudolf Carnap, Germanphilosopher (d.1970)
1892–Ezio Pinza, Italianbass (d.1957)
1895–Augusto César Sandino, Nicaraguan rebel leader (d.1934)
1896–Eric Backman, Swedish long–distance runner (d.1965)
1897–Frank Capra, American movie director (d.1991)

1901– 1950

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1901–Vincent du Vigneaud, Americanchemist (d.1978)
1902–Meredith Wilson, American composer (d.1984)
1904–Jacob K. Javits, American politician (d.1986)
1907–Irene Hunt, American children's writer (d.2001)
1909–Fred Perry, Britishtennis player (d.1995)
1911–Big Joe Turner, Americanblues musician (d.1985)
1912–Walter Sisulu, South African activist (d.2003)
1912–Perry Como, American singer (d.2001)
1912–Richard Brooks, American director (d.1992)
1913–Neelam Sanjiva Reddy,President of India (d.1996)
1913–Charles Trenet, Frenchsinger andsongwriter (d.2001)
1914–Georg von Tiesenhausen, German–American rocket scientist (d.2018)
1914–Robert J. Wilke, American actor (d.1989)
1914–Boris Christoff,Bulgarian opera singer (d.1993)
1917–Bill Everett, American comic book writer and artist (d.1973)
1919–Margot Fonteyn, British dancer (d.1991)
1920–Pope John Paul II (d.2005)
1920–Lucia Mannucci, Italiansinger andactress (d.2012)
1922–Mario Casalinuovo, Italian politician (d.2018)
1922–Bill Macy, American actor
1922–Kai Winding, Danish–Americantrombonist andcomposer (d.1983)
1923–Hugh Shearer,Prime Minister ofJamaica (d.2004)
1924–Priscilla Pointer, Americanactress
1926–Martin Bregman, American film producer (d.2018)
1928–Pernell Roberts, American actor (d.2010)
1931–Kalju Pitksaar, Estonianchess player (d.1995)
1933–H. D. Deve Gowda, formerPrime Minister ofIndia
1933–Bernadette Chirac, former First Lady ofFrance
1934–Dwayne Hickman, American actor andtelevision presenter (d. 2022)
1936–Rita Cadillac, French dancer, singer and actress (d.1995)
1937–Jacques Santer,Luxembourg statesman
1938–Joan Blackman, American actress
1939–Giovanni Falcone, Italian magistrate and anti–Mafia judge (d.1992)
1939–Peter Grünberg, Germanphysicist (d.2018)
1941–Miriam Margolyes, British actress
1942–Albert Hammond, British musician
1942–Nobby Stiles, Englishfootballer
1946–Frank Hsieh,Taiwanese Premier
1946–Bruce Gilbert, Englishguitarist
1946–Gerd Langguth, German political scientist and author (d.2013)
1946–Ameril Umbra Kato, Filipino warlord (d.2015)
1947–John Bruton, IrishTaoiseach
1948–Tom Udall, American politician
1949–Bill Wallace, Canadianbassist
1949–Rick Wakeman, British musician
1950–Thomas Gottschalk, German entertainer
1950–Mark Mothersbaugh, Americansinger,musician andcomposer

1951– 1975

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1951–Angela Voigt, German long jumper (d.2013)
1951–Ben Feringa, Dutch chemist,Nobel laureate
1952–Jeana Yeager, Americanpilot
1953–Alan Kupperberg, American comic book artist (d.2015)
1955–Chow Yun-Fat, Hong Kong actor
1956–Catherine Corsini, Frenchmovie director andscreenwriter
1957–Michael Cretu, German–Romanian musician
1958–Toyah Willcox, British actress and singer
1958–Ruben Omar Romano, Argentine football manager
1959–Ranga Yogeshwar,Luxembourgish science journalist,physicist and presenter
1960–Brent Ashton, Canadianice hockey player
1960–Jari Kurri, Finnishice hockey player, coach and manager
1960–Yannick Noah, French tennis player and singer
1962–Nanne Grönvall,Swedish singer
1962–Sandra, German singer
1963–Marty McSorley, Canadianice hockey player, coach and actor
1964–Ignasi Guardans, Catalan politician
1966–Michael Tait, Americansinger-songwriter andproducer
1967–Heinz-Harald Frentzen, German racing driver
1968–Sergey Martynov,Belarusian target shooter
1969–Martika, Cuban–Americansinger-songwriter,producer andactress
1970–Tina Fey, American actress and comedienne
1971–Brad Friedel, Americansoccer player
1971–Mark Menzies, Scottish politician
1974–Nelson Figueroa, Americanbaseball player
1975–Flozell Adams,American football player
1975–John Higgins, Scottishsnooker player
1975–Jem, Welsh singer
1975–Jack Johnson, American singer, songwriter and surfer
1975–Just Jack, English singer
1975–Princessa, Spanish singer and songwriter

From 1976

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1976–Oleg Tverdovsky, Ukrainian–Russianice hockey player
1976–Ron Mercer, Americanbasketball player
1977–Danny Mills, Englishfootballer
1978–Ricardo Carvalho, Portuguese footballer
1978–Charles Kamathi, Kenyan long–distance runner
1979–Mariusz Lewandowski, Polish footballer
1979–Milivoje Novakovic, Slovenian footballer
1980–Michael Llodra, Frenchtennis player
1980–Diego Pérez,Uruguayan footballer
1981–Mahamadou Diarra,Malian footballer
1984–Ivet Lalova,Bulgarian sprinter
1985–Joseph Roisman, American former navy sailor
1985–Francesca Battistelli, Americansinger-songwriter
1986–Kevin Anderson, South Africantennis player
1987–Luisana Lopilato, Argentine actress, singer and model
1988–Taeyang, South Korean singer
1989–Mohammad Rashid Mazaheri, Iranianfootballer
1990–Gayoon, South Korean singer and dancer
1990–Yuya Osako, Japanesefootballer
1992–Spencer Breslin, American actor
1993–Jessica Watson, Australian sailor
1998–Polina Edmunds, American figure skater
1999–Laura Omloop, Belgian singer

Deaths

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Up to 1900

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526–Pope John I
1401–Wladyslaw Opolczyk, Central European politician (b.1332)
1550–Jean, Cardinal of Lorraine, Frenchcardinal (b.1498)
1551–Domenico di Pace Beccafumi, Italian painter and sculptor (b.1486)
1584–Ikeda Motosuke, Japanesesamurai commander (b.1559)
1675–Jacques Marinette, French–American missionary and explorer (b.1637)
1675–Stanislaw Lubieniecki, Polishastronomer,theologian andhistorian (b.1623)
1721–Dawit III of Ethiopia (b.1695)
1781–Tupac Amaru II, Peruvian Indian revolutionary (b.1742)
1799–Pierre-Augustin Caron de Beaumarchais, French playwright (b.1732)
1800–Alexander Suvorov, Russian general (b.1729)
1807–John Douglas, Anglican bishop (b.1721)
1808–Elijah Craig, important to the invention of bourbon (b.1738?)
1812–John Bellingham, assassin ofSpencer Perceval
1829–Maria Josepha of Saxony, Queen Consort ofSpain (b.1803)
1844–Richard McCarty, American politician (b.1780)
1853–Lionel Kieseritzky, Baltic–German/Frenchchess player (b.1806)
1896–Daniel Pollen,Prime Minister of New Zealand (b.1813)
1900–Jean Gaspard Félix Ravaisson-Mollien, French philosopher (b.1813)

1901– 2000

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1909–George Meredith, English novelist and poet (b.1828)
1909–Isaac Albéniz, Spanishpianist andcomposer (b.1860)
1910–Pauline Garcia-Viardot, singer, composer (b.1821)
1911–Gustav Mahler, Austrian composer (b.1860)
1922–Charles Louis Alphonse Laveran,French doctor, won the 1907Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b.1845)
1927–Andrew Kehoe, perpetrator of Bath School disaster
1943–Onishiki Daigoro, Japanesesumo wrestler (b.1883)
1955–Mary McLeod Bethune, American educator and activist (b.1875)
1956–Maurice Tate, English cricketer (b.1895)
1969–Prentice Cooper, Americanpolitician, 43rdGovernor ofTennessee (b.1895)
1971–Aleksandr Gennadievich Kurosh, Russianmathematician (b.1908)
1973–Jeannette Rankin, first woman elected to theUnited States House of Representatives (b.1880)
1975–Leroy Anderson, American composer (b.1908)
1978–Selwyn Lloyd, British politician (b.1904)
1980– Deaths in theMt. St. Helens eruption:
- Harry Randall Truman, Guardian ofMt. St. Helens (b.1896)
- David A. Johnston, Americanvolcanologist (b.1949)
- Reid Blackburn, American photojournalist (b.1952)
1980–Ian Curtis, British musician, singer/lyricist withJoy Division (b.July 15,1956)
1981–William Saroyan, American writer (b.1908)
1988–Daws Butler, voice actor (b.1916)
1995–Elizabeth Montgomery, American actress (b.1933)
1995–Alexander Godunov, ballet dancer and actor (b.1949)
1995–Elisha Cook Jr., actor (b.1903)
1995–Shawn Nelson, US Army veteran (b.1959)
1999–Augustus Pablo, Jamaican singer (b.1954)
1999–Betty Robinson, Olympic runner (b.1911)
2000–Stephen M. Wolownik, Russian musician and arranger (b.1946)

From 2001

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2001–Irene Hunt, American children's writer (b.1907)
2003–Anna Santisteban, organizer of theMiss Universe contest (b.1914)
2003–Barb Tarbox, anti–smoking crusader (b.1961)
2004–Elvin Jones, jazz drummer (b.1927)
2007–Pierre-Gilles de Gennes, Frenchphysicist (b.1932)
2009–Velupillai Prabhakaran, Sri Lankan leader of theLiberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (b.1954)
2009–Wayne Allwine, American actor (b.1947)
2009–Dolla, American rapper (b.1987)
2010–Edoardo Sanguineti, Italian writer (b.1930)
2012–Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau, Germanbaritone andconductor (b.1925)
2013–Jo Benkow, Norwegian politician (b.1924)
2013–Nam Duck-woo, 12thPrime Minister ofSouth Korea (b.1924)
2013–Steve Forrest, American actor (b.1925)
2014–Wubbo Ockels, Dutchphysicist andastronaut (b.1946)
2014–Dobrica Cosic,Serbian writer andpolitician,President of the Federal Republic ofYugoslavia (b.1921)
2014–Jerry Vale, Americansinger andactor (b.1930)
2014–Gordon Willis, Americancinematographer (b.1931)
2014–Hans-Peter Dürr, Germanphysicist (b.1929)
2014–Per Almar Aas, Norwegianpolitician (b.1929)
2014–Kaiketsu Masateru, Japanesesumo wrestler (b.1946)
2014–Morris Weiss, Americancartoonist (b.1915)
2015–Halldor Asgrimsson,Prime Minister ofIceland (b.1947)
2015–Raymond Gosling, British scientist (b.1926)
2015–Aruna Shanbaug, Indiannurse (b.1948)
2016–Fritz Stern, German–Americanhistorian (b.1926)
2016–Boris Schnaiderman, Ukrainian–born Brazilian translator, writer and essayist (b.1917)
2017–Reema Lagoo, Indian actress (b.1958)
2017–Anil Madhav Dave, Indian politician (b.1956)
2017–Roger Ailes, American television executive (Fox News) (b.1940)
2017–Jacque Fresco, Americanfuturist (b.1916)
2017–Daniele Piombi, Italian television and radio presenter (b.1934)
2018–Stephanie Adams, American model and author (b.1947)
2018–Billy Cannon, American football player (b.1937)
2018–John Carrick, Australian politician (b.1918)
2018–Ayad Futayyih Al-Rawi, Iraqi military officer (b.1942)
2018–Sir Des Champs, Irish racehorse (b.2006)
2018–Darío Castrillón Hoyos, Colombiancardinal (b.1929)
2018–Eric McLuhan, Canadiancommunications theorist and mediaecologist (b.1942)
2018–Yrsa Stenius, Finnish–Swedish journalist (b.1945)
2019–Analia Gade, Argentine actress (b.1931)
2019–Jürgen Kissner, German cyclist (b.1942)
2019–Quentin Pongia, New Zealandrugby league player (b.1970)

Observances

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InternationalMuseum Day
WorldAIDS vaccine Day
Independence Day (Somaliland)
Battle of Las Piedras Day (Uruguay)

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