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March 3

From Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

March 3 is the 62nd day of the year(63rd inleap years) in theGregorian calendar.There are 303 days remaining until the end of the year.

Events

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Up to 1900

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1284– TheStatute of Rhuddlan incorporates thePrincipality of Wales intoEngland.
1575–Mughal Emperor Akbar the Great defeats a Bengali army at theBattle of Tukaroi.
1585– The Olympic Theatre, designed byAndrea Palladio, is inaugurated inVicenza,Italy.
1776–American Revolutionary War: The first amphibious landing of theUnited States Marine Corps begins in theBattle of Nassau.
1779–American Revolutionary War: TheContinental Army is routed (heavily beaten) at theBattle of Brier Creek.
1788–Europen settlement begins onNorfolk Island.
1799–Russo-Ottoman Siege of Corfu ends with thesurrender of the Frenchgarrison.
1820–United States Congress passes theMissouri Compromise.
1836–Texas declares independence fromMexico.
1845–Florida becomes the 27th state of theUnited States.
1849– TheMinnesota Territory is created.
1857–Second Opium War:France and theUnited Kingdom declarewar onChina.
1861–Tsar Alexander II of Russia signs the Emancipation Manifesto, freeing theserfs.
1875–Georges Bizet'soperaCarmen receives its premiere at theOpéra-Comique inParis.
1875– The first–ever organised indoorice hockey game is held inMontreal.
1878– TheRusso-Turkish War ends, asBulgaria regains its independence from theOttoman Empire.
1885– TheAmerican Telephone and Telegraph Company isincorporated inNew York.

1901– 2000

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1904– KaiserWilhelm II of Germany becomes the first ruler to make asound recording of a political document, using thephonograph cylinder.
1905–Tsar Nicholas II of Russia agrees to create an elected assembly, theDuma.
1913– Thousands ofwomen march in asuffrage parade inWashington, DC.
1915– NACA, the predecessor ofNASA, is founded.
1918–World War I:Germany,Austria andRussia sign theTreaty of Brest-Litovsk, endingRussia's involvement in the war.
1923–TIME magazine is first published.
1924– End of theOttoman caliphate.
1925– TheMount Rushmore National Memorial is unveiled, having been created byGutzon Borglum. Carved into rock are the faces ofGeorge Washington,Thomas Jefferson,Abraham Lincoln andTheodore Roosevelt.
1931– TheUnited States adopts "The Star-Spangled Banner" as thenational anthem.
1933–Ching Yun University is established.
1938–Oil is discovered inSaudi Arabia.
1939–Mahatma Gandhi begins afast (a period without eating) in protest againstautocratic rule in British colonialIndia.
1942–World War II: TenJapanese war planes raid the town ofBroome inWestern Australia, killing over 100 people.
1943–World War II: InLondon, 173 people are killed in a crush while trying to enter theair-raid shelter atBethnal Green tube station.
1945–World War II:American andFilipino troops recaptureManila fromJapanese forces.
1945– A former Armia Krajowa unit massacres at least 150Ukrainian civilians in Pawlokoma,Poland.
1945–World War II: TheRoyal Air Force accidentallybombs the Bezuidenhout neighbourhood inThe Hague, killing 511 people.
1953– ACanadian Pacific Airlines Cometaircraft crashes inKarachi,Pakistan, killing 11 people.
1958–Nuri as-Said becomesPrime Minister of Iraq for the 14th time.
1961–Hassan II becomesKing of Morocco.
1962– TheBritish Antarctic Territory is created.
1969–Apollo program:NASA launchesApollo 9 to test thelunar module.
1973–Wasington Convention is signed.
1974–Turkish Airlines Flight 981 crashes at Ermenonville, nearParis, killing all 346 people on board.
1978– The body ofmovie actorCharles Chaplin is stolen from hisgrave inSwitzerland.
1985–Arthur Scargill announces the decision by the NationalMineworkers Union to end the longest–running industrial dispute in theUnited Kingdom without a peace agreement over pit closures.
1985– A magnitude 8.3earthquake strikes theValparaiso region ofChile, killing 177 people.
1991–Referendum votes in bothEstonia andLatvia show overwhelming support forindependence from theSoviet Union.
1991–United Airlines Flight 585 crashes atColorado Springs,Colorado, killing 25 people on board.
1991–Rodney King is hit and kicked by theLos Angeles police, which leads to bigriots.
1992–Kyrgyzstan starts to use its currentflag.
1992–Alija Izetbegovic declaresBosnia and Herzegovina independent.
1996– ThePartido Popular wins theSpanish parliamentary election, leading toJose Maria Aznar becomingPrime Minister.
1997– TheSky Tower, thesouthern hemisphere's tallest free–standing structure at a height of 328metres, opens inAuckland,New Zealand, following more than2 ¹⁄₂ years of building work.

From 2001

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2002–Switzerland votes to join theUnited Nations, breaking its long history of beingneutral.
2002– TheHindu Kush inAfghanistan is hit by a magnitude 7.4earthquake, killing 166 people.
2005–Steve Fossett becomes the first person to fly anairplane non–stop around the world without refuelling.
2009– An armed attack targets theSri Lanka nationalcricket team inLahore,Pakistan.
2009– The Historical Archives building inCologne,Germany, collapses, killing 2 people. Many documents are either completely destroyed or badly damaged.

Births

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Up to 1900

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1455– KingJohn II of Portugal (d.1495)
1500–Reginald Pole,Archbishop of Canterbury (d.1558)
1520–Matthias Flacius, Croatian Protestant reformer (d.1575)
1589–Gisbertus Voetius, Dutchtheologian (d.1676)
1606–Edmund Waller, English poet (d.1687)
1652–Thomas Ottway, Englishdramatist (d.1685)
1678–Madeleine de Vercheres, Canadianheroine (d.1747)
1756–William Goodwin, English writer (d.1836)
1778–Frederica of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, Queen ofHanover (d.1841)
1788–William Carroll, 6th and 9thGovernor ofTennessee (d.1844)
1793–Charles Sealsfield, Austrian–Americanjournalist (d.1864)
1800–Heinrich Georg Bronn, Germangeologist (d.1862)
1805–Jonas Furrer, 1stPresident of theSwiss Confederation (d.1861)
1816–William James Blacklock, English painter (d.1858)
1819–Gustave de Molinari, Belgianeconomist (d.1912)
1823–Gyula Andrassy,Hungarian regent (d.1890)
1831–George Pullman, Americaninventor (d.1897)
1838–George William Hill, Americanastronomer andmathematician (d.1914)
1839–Jamsetji Tata, Indianindustrialist (d.1904)
1841–John Murray, Scottishoceanographer (d.1914)
1845–Georg Cantor, Germanmathematician (d.1918)
1847–Alexander Graham Bell, Scottish inventor (d.1922)
1860–John Montgomery Ward, Americanbaseball player (d.1925)
1861–Racho Petrov, Bulgarian general and politician (d.1942)
1866–Fred A. Busse,Mayor ofChicago (d.1914)
1869–Henry Wood, Englishconductor (d.1944)
1869–William M. Calder,United States Senator (d.1945)
1871–Maurice Garin, Frenchcyclist (d.1957)
1873–William Green, Americanlabor union leader (d.1953)
1877–Jon Thorlaksson,Prime Minister ofIceland (d.1935)
1878–Leopold Jessner, Germanproducer anddirector (d.1945)
1879–Jozsef Klekl,Slovenian writer (d.1936)
1880–Yosuke Matsuoka, Japanese politician (d.1946)
1880–Florence Auer, American actress (d.1962)
1882–Charles Ponzi, Italian criminal, origin of the termPonzi scheme (d.1949)
1886–Tore Orjasaeter, Norwegianpoet (d.1968)
1886–Ezequiel Fernandez, 18thPresident ofPanama (d.1946)
1890–Norman Bethune, Canadiandoctor andhumanitarian (d.1939)
1891–Damaskinos,Prime Minister ofGreece (d.1949)
1891–Arthur Drewry, BritishFIFA President (d.1961)
1893–Beatrice Wood, Americanartist and ceramicist (d.1998)
1895–Ragnar Frisch, Norwegianeconomist (d.1973)

1901– 1950

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1901–Claude Choules, BritishWorld War I veteran andsupercentenarian (d.2011)
1903–Vasily Kozlov, Soviet politician (d.1987)
1905–Marie Glory, French actress (d.2009)
1906–Artur Lundqvist, Swedish writer (d.1991)
1911–Jean Harlow, American actress (d.1937)
1912–Klaus Gysi, German politician (d.1999)
1914–Asger Jorn, Danish painter (d.1973)
1916–Paul Halmos, Hungarian–Americanmathematician (d.2006)
1918–Arthur Kornberg, American biochemist (d.2007)
1918–Peter O'Sullevan, British horse racing commentator (d.2015)
1918–Fritz Thiedemann, Germanequestrian (d.2000)
1919–Loki Schmidt, Germanenvironmentalist and wife ofHelmut Schmidt (d.2010)
1919–Peter Abrahams, South African writer (d.2017)
1920–Ronald Searle, Britishcartoonist (d.2011)
1920–Julius Boros, Americangolfer (d.1994)
1920–James Doohan, Canadian actor (d.2005)
1921–Diana Barrymore, American actress (d.1960)
1921–Doc Paskowitz, American surfer and physician (d.2014)
1922–Nandor Hidegkuti, Hungarianfootballer (d.2002)
1923–Doc Watson, Americanbluegrass musician (d.2012)
1924–Tomiichi Murayama,Prime Minister of Japan
1924–Lys Assia, Swiss singer and actress (d.2018)
1928–Howell Evans, Welshactor,comedian andsinger (d.2014)
1929–Mithat Bayrak, Turkish wrestler (d.2014)
1930–Heiner Geissler, German politician (d.2017)
1930–Ion Iliescu, formerPresident of Romania
1933–Lee Radziwill, Americanfashion executive (d.2019)
1933–Alfredo Landa, Spanish actor (d.2013)
1934–Jimmy Garrison, Americanjazz musician (d.1976)
1934–Peter Brooke, Baron Brooke of Sutton Mandeville, English politician
1934–Yasuo Takamori, Japanesefootballer
1935–Zhelyu Zhelev, formerPresident ofBulgaria (d.2015)
1935–Michael Walzer, Americanphilosopher
1935–Malcolm Anderson, Australiantennis player
1937–Tsukasa Hosaka, Japanesefootballer (d.2018)
1937–Bobby Driscoll, American actor (d.1968)
1938–Bruno Bozzetti, Italian animator and movie director
1942–Mike Pender, English singer andguitarist
1945–Ronald Mallett, American theoreticalphysicist
1945–George Miller, Australian director
1946–John Virgo, Englishsnooker player
1946–James C. Adamson, Americanastronaut
1947–Jennifer Warnes, American singer
1947–Oscar Tabarez,Uruguayan football manager
1948–Snowy White, Britishguitarist
1949–Bonnie J. Dunbar, Americanengineer, academic andastronaut

1951– 1975

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1951–Tony Hall, British broadcasting executive, Director–General of theBBC
1953–Zico, Brazilianfootballer
1955–Jorge Vergara, Mexican businessman
1955–Darnell Williams, English–American actor
1956–Zbigniew Boniek, Polish footballer
1958–Miranda Richardson, British actress
1958–Bob Bradley, Americansoccer coach
1958–Marc Silvestri, American comic book artist
1960–Neal Heaton, Americanbaseball player and coach
1961–Fatima Whitbread, Britishjavelin thrower
1962–Jackie Joyner-Kersee, American athlete
1965–Dragen Skojtovic, Serbian Footballer
1966–Fernando Colunga, Mexican actor
1966–Timo Tolkki, Finnish musician
1967–Alexander Volkov, Russiantennis player
1968–Brian Cox, Britishphysicist, television presenter and formermusician
1968–Brian Leetch, Americanice hockey player
1970–Inzamam ul-Haq,Pakistani cricketer
1970–James Purnell, British politician
1970–John Carter Cash, Americancountry musician
1971–Charlie Brooker, British comedian, writer and broadcaster
1971–Christian Eigner, Austriandrummer andsongwriter (Depeche Mode)
1972–Darren Anderton, Englishfootballer
1973–Xavier Bettel,Prime Minister ofLuxembourg
1973–Olafur Darri Olafsson, Icelandic actor
1974–David Faustino, American actor
1975–Aleksandr Abdulkhalikov, Russianfootballer
1975–Aleksei Abdulkhalikov, Russianfootballer

From 1976

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1976–Keit Pentus-Rosimannus, Estonian politician
1977–Ronan Keating, Irish singer
1978–Seo Moon-tak, South Korean singer
1979–Albert Jorquera, Spanishfootballer
1979–Alex Zane, British comedian
1981–Eugene, South Korean singer and actress
1981–Lil' Flip, Americanrapper
1981–Julius Malema, South African politician and leader of Economic Freedom Fighters
1981–Emmanuel Pappoe,Ghanaian footballer
1982–Jessica Biel, American actress
1983–Ashley Hansen, Australianfootballer
1984–Alexander Semin, Russianice hockey player
1985–David Davies, Welsh swimmer
1986–Mehmet Topal, Turkishfootballer
1986–Stacie Orrico, American singer
1987–Jesus Padilla, Mexicanfootballer
1988–Riccardo Bocchino, Italianrugby player
1988–Bella Heathcote, Australian actress
1988–Michael Morrison, Englishfootballer
1989–Erwin Mulder, Dutchfootballer
1989–Hayley Marie Norman, Americanactress,producer andscreenwriter
1989–Shuichi Gonda, Japanesefootballer
1991–Park Cho-rong, South Korean singer
1992–Jordy Lucas, Australian actress
1994–Umika Kawashima, Japanese actress
1995–Maine Mendoza, Filipina internet and television personality
1997–Camila Cabello, American singer

Deaths

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Up to 1900

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1033–Cunigunde of Luxembourg, Holy Roman Empress (b.960)
1111–Bohemund I, Prince ofAntioch
1239–Vladimir III Rurikovich, Grand Prince ofKiev (b.1187)
1554–John Frederick, Elector of Saxony (b.1503)
1605–Pope Clement VIII (b.1536)
1606–Nyaungyan Min, King ofBurma (b.1557)
1703–Robert Hooke, English scientist (b.1635)
1706–Johann Pachelbel, Germancomposer (b.1653)
1707–Aurangzeb, Mughal Emperor (b.1618)
1792–Robert Adam, Scottisharchitect (b.1728)
1824–Giovanni Battista Viotti, Italianviolinist andcomposer (b.1755)
1869–William Lanney (King Billy), the last full bloodaborigine inTasmania.
1899–William P. Sprague, American politician (b.1887)

1901– 2000

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1901–George Gilman, American businessman (b.1826)
1920–Theodor Philipsen, Danish painter (b.1840)
1927–Mikhail Artsybashev, Ukrainian writer and playwright (b.1878)
1932–Eugen d'Albert, German composer (b.1864)
1932–Joseph Mackey Brown,Governor ofGeorgia (b.1851)
1942–Prince Amedeo, Duke of Aosta, Italian governor and viceroy (b.1898)
1945–William M. Calder,United States Senator (b.1869)
1953–James J. Jeffries, American heavyweightboxer (b.1875)
1959–Lou Costello, American actor and comedian (d.1906)
1961–Paul Wittgenstein, Austrian–bornpianist (b.1887)
1966–Joseph Fields, Americanplaywright,director andproducer (b.1895)
1975–Edward H. Griffith, American director (d.1888)
1979–Mustafa Barzani,Kurdish politician (b.1903)
1983–Hergé, Belgian comics creator (b.1907)
1987–Danny Kaye, American actor, singer and comedian (b.1911)
1991–William Penney, Englishmathematician (b.1909)
1993–Carlos Montoya, Spanishflamenco guitarist (b.1903)
1993–Albert Sabin, Polish–born medical researcher (b.1906)
1995–Howard Hunter, American religious leader (b.1907)
1996–Marguerite Durand, French writer (b.1914)
1996–John Krol, Americancardinal (b.1910)
1998–Fred Friendly, American broadcast executive (b.1915)
1999–Gerhard Herzberg, German–born Canadianchemist (b.1904)

From 2001

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2002–G. M. C. Balayogi, Indianlawyer andpolitician (b.1951)
2003–Horst Buchholz, German actor (b.1933)
2005–Rinus Michels, Dutchfootballer andcoach (b.1928)
2008–Giuseppe Di Stefano, Italianoperatic tenor (b.1921)
2010–Keith Alexander, Britishfootballer andcoach (b.1956)
2010–Michael Foot, British politician (b.1913)
2011–Allan Louisy,Prime Minister ofSaint Lucia (b.1914)
2012–Ralph McQuarrie, Americanconceptual designer andillustrator (b.1929)
2013–Luis Cubilla,Uruguayan footballer (b.1940)
2014–William R. Pogue, Americanastronaut (b.1930)
2015–M. Stanton Evans, Americanjournalist,writer and educator (b.1934)
2015–Lynn Borden, Americanactress (b.1937)
2015–Ernest Braun, Austrian–British academic and writer (b.1925)
2016–Martin Crowe, New Zealandcricketer (b.1962)
2016–Ashok Ghosh, Indian politician (b.1921)
2016–Thanat Khoman, Thai politician (b.1914)
2016–Natalia Krachkovskaya, Russian actress (b.1938)
2016–Sophie Dessus, French politician (b.1955)
2016–Hayabusa, Japaneseprofessional wrestler (b.1968)
2017–Raymond Kopa, Frenchfootballer (b.1931)
2017–Misha Mengelberg, Dutchjazz pianist and composer (b.1935)
2017–Tommy Page, Americansinger-songwriter (b.1970)
2017–René Préval,President ofHaiti (b.1943)
2017–Anne Kristin Sydnes, Norwegian politician (b.1956)
2018–Vanessa Goodwin, Australian politician (b.1969)
2018–Roger Bannister, English athlete andneurologist (b.1929)
2018–David Ogden Stiers, American actor (b.1942)
2018–Lin Hu, Chinese air force general (b.1927)
2018–Yvon Taillandier, French artist (b.1926)
2018–Derek Saunders, Englishfootballer (b.1928)
2018–Billy Herrington, American pornographic actor (b.1969)
2018–Jorge Wagensberg Lubinski, Spanishphysicist, academic and writer (b.1948)
2018–Franz Pacher, Austrian engineer (b.1919)
2019–Peter Hurford, British organist and composer (b.1930)
2023–Kenzaburō Ōe, Japanese writer (b.1935)

Observances

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Hinamatsuri (Girls' Day) inJapan
Liberation Day (Bulgaria)
Mother's Day (Georgia)
Sportsmen's Day (Egypt)
Martyrs' Day (Malawi)
WorldWildlife Day

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