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July 27

From Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

July 27 is the 208th day of the year(209th inleap years) in theGregorian calendar.There are 157 days remaining until the end of the year.

Events

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Up to 1900

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1054–Siward, Earl of Northumbria invadesScotland and defeatsMacbeth, somewhere North of theFirth of Forth.
1202–Georgian-Seljuk Wars: At theBattle of Basian, theKingdom of Georgia defeats theSultanate of Rum.
1214–Battle of Bouvines:Philip II of France decisively defeatsImperial,English andFlemish armies.
1299– According toEdward Gibbon,Osman I invades theterritory ofNicomedia for the first time, usually considered to be the founding date of theOttoman State.
1302–Battle of Bopheus:Ottoman victory over theByzantines, opening upBahynia for Turkish conquest.
1549–Jesuit priest Francis Xavier'sship reachesJapan.
1663– The EnglishParliament passes the Second Navigation Act, requiring that all goods bound for American colonies have to be sent inEnglish ships from English ports.
1689– TheJacobite Army defeatsGovernment forces in theBattle of Killiecrankie.
1694– A RoyalCharter is granted to theBank of England.
1778–American Revolution:First Battle of Usant – British and French fleets fight to a stand–off.
1789– The United States Department of Foreign Affairs is founded, later being renamed theUnited States Department of State.
1793–Maximilien Robespierre takes control of the 'Committee of Public Safety'.
1794–Maximilien Robespierre is arrested after encouraging theexecution of more than 17,000 'Enemies of the Revolution'.
1830– TheJuly Revolution inFrance against KingCharles II of France.
1862– Sailing fromSan Francisco toPanama City, the SSGolden Gate catches fire and sinks offManzanillo,Mexico.
1865–Welsh settlers arrive inChubut,Argentina.
1866– The first permanent transatlantictelegraph cable is successfully completed, from Valentia Island,Ireland to Heart's Content,Newfoundland.
1880–Second Anglo-Afghan War:Battle of Maiwand – Afghan forces led byMohammad Ayub Khan defeats a British Army.
1890–Vincent van Gogh is believed to have shot himself, leading to his death two days later.
1900– KaiserWilhelm II of Germany makes a speech comparing the Germans to theHuns. The word 'Huns' has often been used as an offensive word to describe Germans ever since.

1901– 2000

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1919– TheChicago Race Riot breaks out after an incident on the South Side. Subsequent rioting leads to 38 deaths.
1921–University of Toronto researchers, led byFrederick Banting, prove that the hormone insulation regulatesblood sugar.
1924– The1924 Summer Olympics inParis come to an end.
1929– TheThird Geneva Convention, on dealing withprisoners of war, is signed by 53 nations.
1940–Bugs Bunny makes his debut (first appearance) ontelevision.
1941–World War II:Japanese troops occupy French Indochina, in what is nowVietnam.
1942–World War II:Allied forces successfully halt a finalAxis advance intoEgypt.
1945–Clement Attlee becomesPrime Minister of the United Kingdom.
1953– TheKorean War ends.
1955– TheAllied occupation ofAustria officially ends.
1976– FormerPrime Minister of Japan Kakuei Tanaka is arrested on suspicion of violating foreign exchange and foreign trade laws.
1983– At Weikada High SecurityPrison inColombo,Sri Lanka, 18Tamil prisoners are massacred bySinhalese prisoners.
1990–Belarus declares independence.
1990– The Jamaat al–Muslimeen group attempts a coup d'état inTrinidad and Tobago.
1995– TheKorean War Veterans Memorial is dedicated inWashington, DC.
1996– A bomb explodes at the1996 Summer Olympics inAtlanta,Georgia,US, killing 1 person.Eric Rudolph carried out the attack.
1997–Jan Ullrich becomes the first German to win theTour de France.
1997– About 50 people are killed in the Si Zerrouk massacre inAlgeria.

From 2001

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2002– InNew Zealand's election,Helen Clark's Labor PartyGovernment is reelected.
2002– The world's worst everair show disaster occurs inLviv,Ukraine, as a Sukhoi Su–27 fighter crashes, killing 85 people.
2005–NASA suspendsSpace Shuttle flights, just a day after theDiscovery launch, as, during it, part of the foam insulation sheds from thefuel tank. Repairs are performed onspace walks and the Shuttle lands safely onAugust 9.
2006– TheFederal Republic of Germany is deemed guilty in the loss of Bashkirian 2937 andDHL Flight 611, because it is illegal to outsource flight surveillance.
2007– Twonews helicopters, from TV Stations KNXV and KTVK collide overPhoenix, Arizona, while covering apolice chase.
2012– The2012 Summer Olympics inLondon begin.
2013– Between 65 and 100 people are estimated to have been killed in clashes between themilitary, and supporters of oustedPresident Mohamed Morsi inCairo,Egypt.
2018– The longest–lasting totallunar eclipse of the21st century is seen in many parts of the world; coincidentally, it occurs at the same time asMars' closest approach toEarth in 15 years.

Births

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Up to 1900

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1452–Ludovico Sforza, Duke of Milan (d.1508)
1667–Johann Bernoulli, Swissmathematician (d.1748)
1733–Jeremiah Dixon, English surveyor andastronomer (d.1779)
1734–Princess Sophie of France (d.1782)
1740–Jeanne Baret, Frenchnaturalist (d.1803)
1768–Joseph Anton Koch, Austrian painter (d.1839)
1768–Charlotte Corday, French aristocrat who killedJean-Paul Marat (d.1793)
1773–Jacob Aall, Norwegian politician and historian (d.1844)
1773–Princess Luisa of Naples and Sicily (d.1802)
1781–Mauro Giuliani, Italian composer (d.1828)
1784–Denis Davydov, Russiangeneral andpoet (d.1839)
1824–Alexandre Dumas, fils, French writer (d.1895)
1833–Thomas George Bonney, geologist (d.1923)
1834–Miguel Grau Seminario,Peruvian national hero (d.1879)
1835–Giosuè Carducci, Italian writer (d.1907)
1848–Lorand Eotvos, Hungarianphysicist (d.1919)
1851–Guillermo Billinghurst,President ofPeru (d.1915)
1851–Hannah Primrose, Countess of Rosebery, British noblewoman (d.1890)
1853–Vladimir Korolenko, Russian writer (d.1921)
1854–Takahashi Korekiyo, 20thPrime Minister of Japan (d.1936)
1857–José Celso Barbosa, Puerto Rican political leader (d.1921)
1857–Augusta Stowe-Gullen, Canadian physician and feminist (d.1943)
1857–E. A. Wallis Budge, EnglishEgyptologist and philologist (d.1934)
1866–Antonio José de Almeida, Portuguese politician (d.1929)
1867–Enrique Granados, Spanish composer (d.1916)
1870–Hilaire Belloc, English writer (d.1953)
1877–Ernst von Dohnanyi, Hungarian composer and conductor (d.1960)
1878–Iwane Matsui, Japanesegeneral (d.1948)
1879–Jack Laviolette, Canadianice hockey player (d.1960)
1880–Joe Tinker, Americanbaseball player (d.1948)
1881–Hans Fischer, German chemist,Nobel Prize laureate (d.1945)
1882–Geoffrey de Havilland, British aircraft designer (d.1965)
1886–Ernst May, Germanarchitect (d.1970)
1896–Robert George, Scottish–born 24thGovernor ofSouth Australia (d.1967)
1896–Henri Longchambon, French politician (d.1969)
1900–Knud, Hereditary Prince of Denmark (d.1976)

1901– 1950

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1903–Michail Stasinopoulos, Greek politician (d.2002)
1903–Nikolai Cherkasov, actor (d.1966)
1904–Lyudmila Rudenko, Russianchess player (d.1986)
1905–Leo Durocher, AmericanBaseball Hall of Famer (d.1991)
1906–Jerzy Giedroyc, Polish writer and activist (d.2000)
1907–Gregory Vlastos, Americanphilosopher (d.1991)
1908–Joseph Mitchell, American writer (d.1996)
1910–Julien Gracq, French writer (d.2007)
1910–Lupita Tovar, Mexican actress (d.2017)
1915–Mario Del Monaco, Italian tenor (d.1982)
1916–Elizabeth Hardwick, novelist (d.2007)
1916–Keenan Wynn, American character actor (d.1986)
1916–Amha Selassie, Crown Prince ofEthiopia (d.1997)
1917–Bourvil, French actor (d.1970)
1918–Leonard Rose, American cellist (d.1984)
1919–Jack Goody, English social anthropologist (d.2015)
1922–Norman Lear, American television writer and producer
1923–Masutatsu Oyama, founder ofKyokushin marshal art (d.1994)
1924–Vincent Canby, movie critic (d.2000)
1927–Heinz Wewers, Germanfootballer (d.2008)
1927–John Seigenthaler, Americanjournalist and academic (d.2014)
1927–Guy Carawan, American folk musician (d.2015)
1928–Karl Mai, Germanfootballer (d.1993)
1928–Joe Kittinger, Americanpilot
1929–Jean Baudrillard, Frenchphilosopher (d.2007)
1930–Shirley Williams, British politician
1931–Jerry Van Dyke, American actor (d.2018)
1931–Khieu Samphan, Cambodian politician
1937–Don Galloway, American actor (d.2009)
1938–Isabelle Aubret, French singer
1938–Gary Gygax, American game creator (d.2008)
1939–Michael Longley, Northern Irish poet
1939–William Eggleston, Americanphotographer
1940–Pina Bausch, German dancer andchoreographer (d.2009)
1940–Gary Kurtz, American film producer (d.2018)
1942–John Pleshette, Americanactor,director andscreenwriter
1942–Dennis Ralston, Americantennis player
1943–Jeremy Greenstock, Englishdiplomat
1943–John Button, English racing driver (d.2014)
1944–Tony Capstick, English comedian (d.2003)
1944–Bobbie Gentry, Americansinger-songwriter
1944–Jean-Marie Leblanc, Frenchcyclist
1944–Barbara Thompson, British musician and composer
1948–Peggy Fleming, American figure skater
1948–Hans Rosling, Swedishphysician, academic,statistician and public speaker (d.2017)
1949–André Dupont, Canadianice hockey player
1949–Rory MacDonald, Scottish musician (Runrig)
1949–Maureen McGovern, American singer and Broadway actress
1949–Maury Chaykin, American–Canadian actor (d.2010)

1951– 1975

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1951–Roseanna Cunningham, Scottish politician
1951–Eduardo Gómez, Spanish actor and comedian (d.2019)
1952–Roxanne Hart, American actress
1954–Peter L. Allen, actor and musician
1954–Philippe Alliot, French racing driver
1957–Bill Engvall, American comedian
1957–Allan Simmons, EnglishScrabble player
1958–Christopher Dean, English figure skater
1958–Barbara Rudnik, German actress (d.2009)
1959–Siobhan Redmond, Scottish actress
1960–Conway Savage, Australian rock singer–songwriter and pianist (d.2018)
1960–Emily Thornberry, English politician
1960–Jo Durie, Englishtennis player
1961–Daniel C. Burbank, Americanastronaut
1962–Tony Leung, Chinese actor
1963–Donnie Yen, Chinese–Hong Kong actor, director, producer and martial artist
1965–José Luis Chilavert,Paraguayan footballer
1965–Trifon Ivanov, Bulgarianfootballer (d.2016)
1967–Juliana Hatfield, musician
1967–Monique Sluyter, Dutch model
1967–Kellie Waymire, actress (d.2003)
1968–Cliff Curtis, New Zealand actor
1969–Maria Grazia Cucinotta, Italian actress
1969–Triple H, Americanprofessional wrestler
1969–Jonty Rhodes, South Africancricketer
1972–Jill Arrington, American sports reporter
1972–Maya Rudolph, Americanactress,singer andscreenwriter
1972–Sheikh Muszaphar Shukor,Malaysian surgeon andastronaut
1973–Abe Cunningham, Americandrummer (Deftones)
1974–Eason Chan,Hong Kong pop singer
1975–Alessandro Pistone, Italian footballer
1975–Shea Hillenbrand, American baseball player
1975–Alex Rodriguez, American baseball player

From 1976

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1976–Fernando Ricksen, Dutchfootballer (d.2019)
1977–Jonathan Rhys-Meyers, British actor
1977–Björn Dreyer, German footballer
1979–Sidney Govou, French footballer
1979–Shannon Moore, American professional wrestler
1980–Nick Nemeth, Americanprofessional wrestler
1983–Goran Pandev,Macedonian footballer
1983–Lorik Cana,Albanian footballer
1984–Tsuyoshi Nishioka, Japanesebaseball player
1984–Arynne Sherouse, American writer, actor, and singer
1984–Iekeliene Stange, Dutchmodel
1985–Matteo Pratichetti, Italianrugby player
1986–DeMarre Carroll, Americanbasketball player
1986–Ryan Flaherty, Americanbaseball player
1987–Marek Hamsik,Slovakian footballer
1987–Jordan Hill, Americanbasketball player
1989–Charlotte Arnold, Canadianactress
1989–Mohamed Bangura,Sierra Leonean footballer
1990–Indiana Evans, Australian actress
1990–Nick Hogan, American reality TV personality
1990–Cheyenne Kimball, Americansinger-songwriter andguitarist
1991–Rena Matsui, Japanese singer (AKB48)
1993–Jordan Spieth, Americangolfer
1994–Winnie Harlow, Canadian model

Deaths

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Up to 1900

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432–Pope Celestine I
916–Clement of Ohrid, Slavicarchbishop and scholar (b.840)
1101–Conrad II of Italy (b.1074)
1276– KingJames I of Aragon (b.1208)
1365–Rudolf IV, Duke of Austria (b.1339)
1382–Joanna I of Naples (b.1326)
1656–Salomo Glassius, Germantheologian (b.1593)
1675–Henri de la Tour d'Auvergne, Vicomte de Turenne, Frenchgeneral (b.1611)
1759–Pierre Louis Maupertuis, Frenchmathematician (b.1698)
1770–Robert Dinwiddie, British colonialGovernor ofVirginia (b.1693)
1783–Johann Philipp Kirnberger, Germancomposer andmusic theorist (b.1721)
1841–Mikhail Lermontov, Russian writer, poet and painter (b.1814)
1844–John Dalton, Englishphysicist andchemist (b.1776)
1863–William Lowndes Yancey, Americanjournalist andpolitician (b.1813)
1873–Fyodor Tyutchev, Russianpoet (b.1803)
1883–Montgomery Blair, American politician (b.1813)

1901– 2000

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1917–Emil Theodor Kocher,Swiss doctor, won the 1909Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b.1841)
1924–Ferruccio Busoni, Italian pianist (b.1866)
1946–Gertrude Stein, American writer and publicist (b.1874)
1948–Joe Tinker, Americanbaseball player (b.1880)
1962–Richard Herrmann, German footballer (b.1923)
1962–James H. Kindelberger, American aerospace pioneer (b.1895)
1970–António de Oliveira Salazar, President ofPortugal (b.1889)
1971–Charlie Tully, Northern Irish footballer (b.1924)
1978–Bob Heffron, Premier ofNew South Wales (b.1890)
1978–Willem van Otterloo, Dutch conductor and composer (b.1907)
1980–Mohammed Reza Pahlavi, Shah ofIran (b.1919)
1985–Smoky Joe Wood, Americanbaseball player (b.1889)
1987–Travis Jackson, Americanbaseball player, coach and manager (b.1903)
1988–Frank Zamboni, Americaninventor (b.1901)
1990–Elizabeth Allan, British actress (b.1908)
1991–Gino Colaussi, Italian footballer (b.1914)
1995–Miklos Rozsa, Hungarian–American composer (b.1907)
1995–Melih Esenbel, Turkish politician (b.1915)
1999–Aleksandr Danilovich Aleksandrov, Russianmathematician (b.1912)

From 2001

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2001–Leon Wilkeson, Americanguitarist (Lynyrd Skynyrd) (b.1952)
2003–Bob Hope, English–American comedian (b.1903)
2008–Horst Stein, Germanconductor (b.1928)
2010–Maury Chaykin, American–Canadian actor (b.1949)
2011–Agota Kristof, Hungarian writer (b.1935)
2012–Jack Taylor, English football referee (b.1930)
2012–Geoffrey Hughes, English actor (b.1944)
2012–Norman Alden, American actor (b.1924)
2012–R. G. Armstrong, American actor (b.1917)
2012–Tony Martin, American singer (b.1913)
2012–Russ Mayberry, Scottish–Americantelevision director (b.1926)
2013–Lindy Boggs, American politician (b.1916)
2013–Jon Leyne, Britishjournalist (b.1958)
2014–Francesco Marchisano, Italiancardinal (b.1929)
2014–Kyozan Joshu Sasaki, Japanese–AmericanRinzai Zen teacher (b.1907)
2014–Paul Schell, 50thMayor ofSeattle (b.1937)
2014–George Freese, Americanbaseball player (b.1926)
2015–A. P. J. Abdul Kalam, Indian scientist and politician, 11thPresident of India (b.1931)
2015–Samuel Pisar, Polish–born Americanlawyer andauthor (b.1929)
2016–Einojuhani Rautavaara, Finnishcomposer (b.1928)
2016–Jack Davis, Americanartist (b.1924)
2016–Richard Thompson, Americancartoonist (b.1957)
2016–James Alan McPherson, American writer (b.1943)
2016–Jerry Doyle, American actor, broadcaster and political commentator (b.1956)
2016–Piet de Jong,Prime Minister of theNetherlands (b.1915)
2017–D. L. Menard, Americansinger-songwriter andguitarist (b.1932)
2017–Ovidio Messa, Bolivianfootballer (b.1952)
2017–Sam Shepard, Americanplaywright and actor (b.1943)
2017–Marty Sklar, American businessman (b.1934)
2017–Magnus Böcker, Swedish businessman (b.1961)
2018–Michael P. DeLong,United States Marine Corps Lieutenant General (b.1945)
2018–Marco Aurelio Denegri, Peruviansexologist and television presenter (b.1938)
2018–Bernard Hepton, English actor (b.1925)
2018–Vladimir Voinovich, Russian novelist and journalist (b.1932)
2018–Gervase Markham, British computer programmer (b.1978)
2018–Enrique Verástegui, Peruvian poet, physicist and philosopher (b.1950)
2019–Carlos Cruz-Diez, Venezuelan artist (b.1923)
2019–Humphrey Mijnals, Surinamese–Dutchfootballer (b.1930)
2019–Mike Roarke, Americanbaseball player (b.1930)
2019–John Robert Schrieffer, Americanphysicist (b.1931)

Observances

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National Sleepy Head Day (Finland)
Victory Day (North Korea)
José Celso Barbosa Day (Puerto Rico)

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