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John C. Mather

From Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
John C. Mather
Born (1946-08-07)August 7, 1946 (age 78)
NationalityAmerican
Alma materSwarthmore College
University of California, Berkeley
Known forCosmic microwave background radiation
AwardsNobel Prize in Physics (2006)
Scientific career
FieldsAstrophysics,cosmology
InstitutionsNASA

ProfessorJohn Cromwell Mather (born 7 August 1946 inRoanoke, Virginia) is anAmericanastrophysicist andcosmologist. He was given theNobel Prize in Physics in 2006 for his work oncosmic microwave background radiation andCOBE satellite withGeorge Smoot. TheCOBE satellite measuresblack holes andcosmic radiation.

This work supported thebig-bang theory of theuniverse beginning. It made cosmology much more accurate. The Nobel Prize committee said: "the COBE-project can also be regarded as the starting point forcosmology as a precision science."[1]

Mather is a Senior Astrophysicist at theNASAGoddard Space Flight Center inMaryland. He is a professor of physics at theUniversity of Maryland, College Park. In 2007, Mather was listed inTime magazine's 100 Most Influential People in The World.

Education and early work

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Picture ofcosmic radiation taken byCOBE

Work with COBE

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After being awarded hisPh.D. Professor Mather went to work at the Goddard Institute for Space Studies at Columbia University. He started the work on COBE there (1974-1976). More than 1,000 researchers, engineers and other workers made the COBE satellite. John Mather was in control of them all and created thetechnology for measuring the cosmic radiation.George Smoot had the job of measuring small changes in the temperature of the radiation.[1]

Professor Mather andJohn Boslough wrote all about the COBE teams work in a book calledThe Very First Light.[2]

Awards

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Related pages

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References

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  1. 1.01.1"The Nobel Prize in Physics 2006"(.PDF) (Press release). The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. 3 October 2006. Retrieved2006-10-05.
  2. Mather, John; Boslough, John (1997).The Very First Light: The True Inside Story of the Scientific Journey Back to the Dawn of the Universe. New York: Basic Books.ISBN 0465015751.

Other websites

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Winners of theNobel Prize inPhysics
1901–1925

Röntgen (1901) · Lorentz /Zeeman (1902) · Becquerel /P. Curie /M. Curie (1903) · Rayleigh (1904) · Lenard (1905) · Thomson (1906) · Michelson (1907) · Lippmann (1908) · Marconi /Braun (1909) · van der Waals (1910) · Wien (1911) · Dalén (1912) · Kamerlingh Onnes (1913) · Laue (1914) · W. L. Bragg /W. H. Bragg (1915) · Barkla (1917) · Planck (1918) · Stark (1919) · Guillaume (1920) · Einstein (1921) · N. Bohr (1922) · Millikan (1923) · M. Siegbahn (1924) · Franck /Hertz (1925)

1926–1950

Perrin (1926) · Compton /C. Wilson (1927) · O. Richardson (1928) · De Broglie (1929) · Raman (1930) · Heisenberg (1932) · Schrödinger /Dirac (1933) · Chadwick (1935) · Hess /C. D. Anderson (1936) · Davisson /Thomson (1937) · Fermi (1938) · Lawrence (1939) · Stern (1943) · Rabi (1944) · Pauli (1945) · Bridgman (1946) · Appleton (1947) · Blackett (1948) · Yukawa (1949) · Powell (1950)

1951–1975

Cockcroft /Walton (1951) · Bloch /Purcell (1952) · Zernike (1953) · Born /Bothe (1954) · Lamb /Kusch (1955) · Shockley /Bardeen /Brattain (1956) · Yang /T. D. Lee (1957) · Cherenkov /Frank /Tamm (1958) · Segrè /Chamberlain (1959) · Glaser (1960) · Hofstadter /Mössbauer (1961) · Landau (1962) · Wigner /Goeppert-Mayer /Jensen (1963) · Townes /Basov /Prokhorov (1964) · Tomonaga /Schwinger /Feynman (1965) · Kastler (1966) · Bethe (1967) · Alvarez (1968) · Gell-Mann (1969) · Alfvén /Néel (1970) · Gabor (1971) · Bardeen /Cooper /Schrieffer (1972) · Esaki /Giaever /Josephson (1973) · Ryle /Hewish (1974) · A. Bohr /Mottelson /Rainwater (1975)

1976–2000

Richter /Ting (1976) · P. W. Anderson /Mott /Van Vleck (1977) · Kapitsa /Penzias /R. Wilson (1978) · Glashow /Salam /Weinberg (1979) · Cronin /Fitch (1980) · Bloembergen /Schawlow /K. Siegbahn (1981) · K. Wilson (1982) · Chandrasekhar /Fowler (1983) · Rubbia /van der Meer (1984) · von Klitzing (1985) · Ruska /Binnig /Rohrer (1986) · Bednorz /Müller (1987) · Lederman /Schwartz /Steinberger (1988) · Ramsey /Dehmelt /Paul (1989) · Friedman /Kendall /R. Taylor (1990) · de Gennes (1991) · Charpak (1992) · Hulse /J. Taylor (1993) · Brockhouse /Shull (1994) · Perl /Reines (1995) · D. Lee /Osheroff /R. Richardson (1996) · Chu /Cohen-Tannoudji /Phillips (1997) · Laughlin /Störmer /Tsui (1998) · 't Hooft /Veltman (1999) · Alferov /Kroemer /Kilby (2000)

2001–present

Cornell /Ketterle /Wieman (2001) · Davis /Koshiba /Giacconi (2002) · Abrikosov /Ginzburg /Leggett (2003) · Gross /Politzer /Wilczek (2004) · Glauber /Hall /Hänsch (2005) · Mather /Smoot (2006) · Fert /Grünberg (2007) · Nambu /Kobayashi /Maskawa (2008) · Kao /Boyle /Smith (2009) · Geim /Novoselov (2010) · Perlmutter /Riess /Schmidt (2011) · Wineland /Haroche (2012) · Englert /Higgs (2013) · Akasaki /Amano /Nakamura (2014) · Kajita /McDonald (2015) · Thouless /Haldane /Kosterlitz (2016) · Weiss /Barish /Thorne (2017) · Ashkin /Mourou /Strickland (2018) · Mayor /Peebles /Queloz (2019) · Penrose /Genzel /Ghez (2020) · Manabe /Hasselmann /Parisi (2021) · Aspect /Clauser /Zeilinger (2022) · Agostini /Krausz /L'Huillier (2023) · Hinton /Hopfield (2024)

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