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Irgun

From Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The logo of Irgun.
Amemorial plaque for the Irgun inTel Aviv.

Irgun Zvai Leumi, commonly known as theIrgun (Hebrew:ארגון), was aZionistparamilitary group inMandatory Palestine between 1931 and 1948.[1]

History

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Founding

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The Irgun was a Jewishinsurgent group founded in 1931.[1][2] It was a rival to theHaganah, serving as an arm of the Revisionist Party.[1][2]

Activities

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The Irgun waslabelled aterroristorganization in the 1940s due to itsanticolonial insurgency against theBritish authorities.[1][2] Not only was it involved in attacks on Britishmilitary bases,[1][2] but also it was important in organizing the escape of Jewishexiles fromEuropean countries, especiallyNazi Germany, to Mandatory Palestine following the Britishpublication of theBritish White Paper on Palestine (1939)[3] to limit Jewish immigration.[1][2] Many Irgun members wereexecuted by the British authorities for their active resistance.[1][2]

Particularly, the Irgun is noted for itsbravery.[1][2] Irgun members once captured theAcreprison,[1][2] afortress built in theMiddle Ages reportedly unconquerable by evenNapoleon.[1][2] The Irgun also captured much of Jaffa (Yafo) ‒ located in present-day northwestern Israel ‒ in the final days of British rule.[1][2]

King David Hotel bombing

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Irgun is well-known for the bombing ofJerusalem'sKing David Hotel in 1946.[1][2]

Legacy

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Irgun is deemed an early version of Ḥerut which was anIsraelipolitical party.[1][2] Irgun is also an early version of today'sLikud political party in Israel.[4][better source needed] Due to Irgun's subscription to Revisionist Zionism,[2][5] which is alleged to be maximalist[6] by Western academic leftists who shapehistoriography,[2][7] the Irgun is tainted with thestigma of terrorism in Western collective memory.[2][7]

Related pages

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References

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  1. 1.001.011.021.031.041.051.061.071.081.091.101.111.12"Irgun Zvai Leumi | Meaning, Israel, Etzel, & Ideology".Britannica. January 1, 2025. RetrievedJanuary 10, 2025.
  2. 2.002.012.022.032.042.052.062.072.082.092.102.112.122.132.14
  3. "British White Paper of 1939".Yale Law - Avalon Project. RetrievedFebruary 12, 2025.
  4. Eisenstadt, S.N. (1985).The Transformation of Israeli Society, pp. 173–174.
  5. "Revisionist Zionism".Jewish Virtual Library. RetrievedJanuary 10, 2025.
  6. Of or denoting an extreme opinion.OxfordLanguages.
  7. 7.07.1
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