Fluorine is a light yellow diatomic gas. It is very reactive gas, which exists as diatomic molecules. It is the most reactive element. Fluorine has a very high attraction for electrons because it is missing one. This makes it the most powerfuloxidizing agent. It can rip electrons from water (makingoxygen) and ignitepropane on contact. It does not need a spark. Metals can catch on fire when placed in a stream of fluorine. After it isreduced by reacting with other things, it forms the stablefluoride ion. Fluorine is very poisonous. Fluorine bonds very strongly withcarbon. It can react with the unreactivenoble gases. It explodes when mixed withhydrogen. The melting point of fluorine is -363.33°F (-219.62°C), the boiling point is -306.62°F (-188.12°C).
Fluorine is not found as an element on the earth becase it is too reactive. Several fluorides are found in the earth, though. Whencalcium phosphate is reacted withsulfuric acid to makephosphoric acid, somehydrofluoric acid is produced. Also,fluorite can be reacted with sulfuric acid to make hydrofluoric acid. Fluorite naturally occurs on the earths' crust in rocks, coal and clay.
Fluorine is normally made byelectrolysis.Hydrogen fluoride is dissolved inpotassium fluoride. This mixture is melted and an electric current is passed through it. This is electrolysis. Hydrogen is produced at one side and fluorine at the other side. If the sides are not separated, the cell may explode.
Someone made fluorine in 1986 without using electrolysis. They producedmanganese(IV) fluoride by using various chemical compounds, which released fluorine gas.
Fluorine is used to enrich uranium fornuclear weapons. It is also used to makesulfur hexafluoride. Sulfur hexafluoride is used to propel stuff out of an aerosol can. It is also used to makeintegrated circuits. Fluorine compounds have many uses.Fluoride ions are in fluorine compounds. Fluoride ions can be intoothpaste. Some are used innonstick coatings.Freons contain fluorine.
Fluorine as an element is extremely reactive and toxic. It can react with almost everything, even glass. Fluorine is also poisonous.
Fluoride ions are somewhat toxic. If too much toothpaste containing fluoride is eaten then fluoride poisoning may occur. Fluoride is not reactive, though.
↑Himmel, D.; Riedel, S. (2007). "After 20 Years, Theoretical Evidence That 'AuF7' Is Actually AuF5·F2".Inorganic Chemistry.46 (13). 5338–5342.doi:10.1021/ic700431s.
↑Dean 1999, p.4.6. sfn error: no target: CITEREFDean1999 (help)
↑Dean 1999, p.4.35. sfn error: no target: CITEREFDean1999 (help)
↑Matsui 2006, p.257. sfn error: no target: CITEREFMatsui2006 (help)
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