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Fermium

From Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Enrico Fermi.

Fermium (symbolFm) is achemical element. It has anatomic number of 100, which makes it at position 100 at theperiodic table. Fermium cannot be found in nature; it has to be made. Scientists can create it by combiningplutonium withneutrons at very high speeds and temperatures. It is named afterEnrico Fermi.

History

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Albert Ghiorso and other scientists at theUniversity of California, Berkeley first discovered fermium. They found the element in thefallout from the explosion of the first successfulhydrogen bomb test. This test was on November 1,1952. In the fallout, scientists also discovered another newelement,Einsteinium. Because of theCold War, the US military did not allow the scientists to publish their results in ascientific journal. However, they conducted other studies and published their research in 1954. The studies of nuclear fallout weredeclassified and published in 1955.

A group in the Nobel Institute for Physics inStockholm also discoveredisotopes of this element before the research of the Berkeley scientists was published. However, most agree that the Berkeley scientists were the first to discover fermium.

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