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February 27

From Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

February 27 is the 58th day of the year in theGregorian calendar.There are 307 days remaining until the end of the year(308 inleap years).

Events

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Up to 1900

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425– TheUniversity of Constantinople is founded.
907– Abaoji, a Khitanchieftain, is enthroned asEmperor Taizu, creating theLiao Dynasty in NorthernChina.
1560– TheTreaty of Berwick, expelling the French fromScotland, is signed byEngland and the Congregation of Scotland.
1594–Henry IV of France is crowned king.
1617–Sweden andRussia sign theTreaty of Stolbovo.
1626–Yuan Chonghuan is appointedGovernor ofLiaodong, after he led theChinese to a great victory over theManchurians underNurhaci.
1655– Thelighthouse atLindesnes, the southernmost tip ofNorway, is first lit, with 13candles.
1700– The island ofNew Britain is first reached by aEuropean, on an expedition led byWilliam Dampier.
1776–American Revolutionary War: TheBattle of Moore's Creek Bridge inNorth Carolina breaks up a Loyalist militia.
1782–American Revolutionary War: The BritishHouse of Commons votes against furtherwar in America.
1812– Near thecity ofRosario,Manuel Belgrano raises what later develops into theFlag ofArgentina.
1844– TheDominican Republic gains independence fromHaiti.
1860–Abraham Lincoln makes a speech at Cooper Union inNew York City that contributes to him being elected US president.
1861–Russian troops kill 5 protesters inWarsaw.
1864–American Civil War: The first northern prisoners arrive the Confederateprison atAndersonville,Georgia.
1870– TheFlag of Japan is adopted as the national flag on merchant ships.
1881–First Boer War: TheBattle of Majuba Hill takes place.
1898–George I of Greece survives anassassination attempt.
1900– The UKLabour Party is founded.
1900–Second Boer War: InSouth Africa, British officers receive an unconditional notice of surrender fromBoer General Piet Cronje at theBattle of Paardeberg.

1901– 2000

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1912– InSudan, the first rail track fromKhartoum toEl Obeid opened.
1916– Britishpassenger steamerMaloja is sunk by a German U–boat twomiles fromDover, killing 155 people.
1921– The International Union ofSocialist Parties is founded inVienna.
1925–Adolf Hitler re–founds theNazi Party inMunich, ordering it to be built up on a national level.
1930–Bouvet Island becomes a dependent territory ofNorway.
1932–Nature magazine releases an article byJames Chadwick, describing the existence of theneutron.
1933– TheReichstag building inBerlin is set onfire.
1939– TheUnited States Supreme Court rules sit–in protests as illegal.
1940–Martin Kamen andSam Ruben discover Carbon–14.
1942–World War II: TheBattle of the Java Sea begins.
1943– The SmithMine #3 in Bearcreek,Montana, explodes, killing 74 men.
1943– The Rosenstrasseprotest begins inBerlin.
1948–President ofFinland Juho Kusti Paasikivi signs a defence treaty withJoseph Stalin.
1951– The 22nd Amendment to theUnited States Constitution is ratified, limiting the US president to two terms in office.
1961– The firstCongress of the Spanish Trade Union Organisation is inaugurated.
1962– Two dissidentVietnam Air Forcepilots bomb the Independence Palace inSaigon in a failed attempt to killSouth Vietnamese leaderNgo Dinh Diem.
1963–Juan Bosch is electedPresident of theDominican Republic.
1964– The ItalianGovernment asks for help to keep theLeaning Tower of Pisa from toppling over.
1973–Wounded Knee Incident standoff at thePine Ridge Reservation inSouth Dakota begins.
1976– The former Spanishterritory ofWestern Sahara declares its independence.
1986– TheUnited States Senate allows its debates to be televised on a trial basis.
1988– A violentpogrom takes place against theArmenian Community in Sumgait,Azerbaijan.
1989–Venezuela is rocked by the Caracazo riots.
1991– US PresidentGeorge H. W. Bush declares that "Kuwait is liberated".
1992–Jack Unterweger is arrested byFBI agents inMiami,Florida on suspicion of severalmurders.
1993–Niger holds its firstPresidential Election.
1994– The1994 Winter Olympics inLillehammer,Norway, come to an end.
1995– Aterrorist explosion in a market in thecity of Zakho inIraqi Kurdistan kills around 100 people and injures over 150.

From 2001

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2002– Godhratrain bombing: AMuslim mob kills 59Hindu pilgrims returning fromAyodhya.
2002–Ryanair Flight 296 catches fire atStansted Airport. The evacuation procedures later come in for criticism.
2004– Thebombing of Superferry 14 by Abu Sayyaf in thePhilippines kills 116 people.
2004– The initial version of the John Jay Report is released into the Catholicsex abuse scandal in theUnited States.
2005–Million Dollar Baby is the most successfulmovie at the 77thAcademy Awards ceremony.
2007– TheShanghai Stock Exchange falls by 9%, its largest drop in 10 years.
2010–2010 Cauquenes earthquake: A major magnitude 8.8earthquake hitsChile, killing around 500 people.
2015–Russian opposition politicianBoris Nemtsov is shot dead by an unknown assailant shortly before midnight.

Births

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Up to 1900

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272–Constantine, Roman Emperor (d.337)
1572–Francis II, Duke of Lorraine (d.1632)
1689–Pietro Gnocchi, Italian composer,choir director, historian and geographer (d.1775)
1711–Constantine Mavrocordates, Prince ofWallachia andMoldavia (d.1769)
1767–Jacques-Charles Dupont de l'Eure, French politician (d.1855)
1789–Manuel Rodriguez,Chilean lawyer and guerrilla (d.1818)
1795–José Antonio Navarro, Americanstatesman,revolutionary andpolitician fromTexas (d.1871)
1799–Edward Belcher, British polar explorer (d.1877)
1807–Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, Americanpoet (d.1882)
1809–Jean-Charles Cornay, Frenchmissionary andsaint (d.1837)
1814–Samuel Kleinschmidt, German–Greenlandiclinguist (d.1886)
1831–Nikolai Ge, Russian painter (d.1894)
1836–Russell A. Alger,Governor ofMichigan (d.1907)
1846–Simon Bamberger,Governor ofUtah (d.1926)
1856–Mattia Battistini, Italianbaritone (d.1928)
1859–Bertha Pappenheim, German activist and writer (d.1936)
1861–Rudolf Steiner, Austrian philosopher (d.1925)
1862–Anastasios Metaxas, Greekarchitect and shooter (d.1937)
1863–Joaquin Sorolla, Spanish painter (d.1923)
1863–George Herbert Mead, Americanphilosopher andpsychologist (d.1931)
1867–Irving Fisher, Americaneconomist (d.1947)
1870–Louis Coerne, American composer and music educator (d.1922)
1872–Alexandru Vaida-Voevod,Prime Minister of Romania (d.1950)
1874–F. M. Cornford, English classical scholar and translator (d.1943)
1875–Manuel Ugarte, Argentine politician (d.1951)
1877–Adela Verne, Englishpianist (d.1952)
1878–Alvan T. Fuller, 50thGovernor ofMassachusetts (d.1958)
1879–Rene Lefebvre, martyr of the French Resistance (d.1944)
1881–Sveinn Björnsson, 1stPresident ofIceland (d.1952)
1882–Burton K. Wheeler, American politician (d.1975)
1886–Hugo Black,United States Supreme Court Justice (d.1971)
1887–Pyotr Nesterov, Russianpilot andaircraft designer (d.1914)
1888–Arthur M. Schlesinger, Sr., Americanhistorian (d.1965)
1888–Lotte Lehmann, German singer (d.1976)
1891–Anne Samson, Canadiannun andsupercentenarian (d.2004)
1891–David Sarnoff, Russian–born broadcast pioneer (d.1971)
1892–William Demarest, American actor (d.1983)
1895–Miyagiyama Fukumatsu, Japanesesumo wrestler (d.1943)
1897–Marian Anderson, Americancontralto (d.1993)
1897–Bernard Lyot, Frenchastronomer (d.1952)
1899–Charles Best, Canadianscientist (d.1978)

1901– 1950

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1901–Marino Marini, Italian artist and sculptor (d.1980)
1902–John Steinbeck, American writer,Nobel Prize laureate (d.1968)
1903–Ion Irimescu, Romaniansculptor and sketcher (d.2005)
1903–Grethe Weiser, German actress (d.1970)
1904–Yulii Borisovich Khariton, Russianphysicist (d.1996)
1904–Chick Fullis, Americanbaseball player (d.1946)
1905–Franchot Tone, American actor (d.1968)
1907–Mildred Bailey, American singer (d.1951)
1910–Genrikh Gasparyan, Armenianchess player andcomposer (d.1995)
1910–Joan Bennett, American actress (d.1990)
1912–Lawrence Durrell, English writer (d.1990)
1913–Paul Ricoeur, Frenchphilosopher (d.2005)
1913–Kazimierz Sabbat, Polish politician (d.1989)
1917–John Connally, 39thGovernor ofTexas and 61stUnited States Secretary of the Treasury (d.1993)
1921–Theodore Van Kirk, Americansoldier,pilot and navigator (d.2014)
1923–Alejandro Zaffaroni, Uruguayan–Americanchemist andentrepreneur (d.2014)
1923–Dexter Gordon, Americanjazz saxophonist (d.1990)
1926–David H. Hubel, Canadian neuroscientist (d.2013)
1927–Lynn Cartwright, American actress (d.2004)
1927–Guy Mitchell, American singer (d.1999)
1928–Alfred Hrdlicka, Austrianartist,sculptor andwriter (d.2009)
1928–Jean Joubert, French novelist, short story writer and poet (d.2015)
1928–Ariel Sharon, formerPrime Minister of Israel (d.2014)
1929–Djalma Santos, Brazilianfootballer (d.2013)
1930–Joanne Woodward, American actress
1932–Elizabeth Taylor, British–American actress (d.2011)
1932–Ernst Hinterseer, Austrianskier
1934–Ralph Nader, American consumer activist
1934–Michiko Maeda, Japaneseactress
1935–Alberto Remedios,operatic tenor
1935–Mirella Freni, Italiansoprano
1935–Brian Heap, English biologist and academic
1936–Roger Mahony, Americancardinal
1936–Ron Barassi, Australianfootballer and coach
1939–Kenzo Takada, Japanesefashion designer
1939–Don McKinnon, New Zealand politician
1939–Antoinette Sibley, English ballerina
1940–Loren Pankratz, American psychologist
1940–Bill Hunter, Australian actor (d.2011)
1941–Paddy Ashdown, British politician
1942–Robert H. Grubbs, Americanchemist
1942–Klaus-Dieter Sieloff, Germanfootballer (d.2011)
1943–Carlos Alberto Parreira, Brazilian football manager
1945–Carl Anderson, American actor and singer (d.2004)
1947–Gidon Kremer, Latvianviolinist andconductor
1948–John Chittick, American health activist (d.2017)
1950–Julia Neuberger, Englishrabbi and politician
1950–Annabel Goldie, Scottish politician

1951– 1975

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1951–Lee Atwater, American political figure (d.1991)
1953–Ian Khama,President ofBotswana
1953–Gabriela Svobodova, Czech cross–country skier
1953–Gavin Esler, British broadcaster
1953–Yolande Moreau, Belgiancomedian,actress,movie director andscreenwriter
1957–Viktor Markin, Soviet–Russian sprinter
1957–Adrian Smith, English musician (Iron Maiden)
1957–Timothy Spall, English actor
1958–Maggie Hassan,Governor ofNew Hampshire
1959–Johnny Van Zant, American singer (Lynyrd Skynyrd)
1960–Carson Yeung,Hong Kong businessman
1962–Adam Baldwin, American actor
1964–Thomas Lange, German rower
1965–Noah Emmerich, American actor
1966–Baltasar Kormakur,Icelandic actor, director and producer
1969–Gareth Llewellyn, Welshrugby player
1969–Stuart MacBride, Scottishwriter
1970–Goran Markov,Macedonian footballer
1970–Patricia Petibon, Frenchsoprano
1971–Roman Giertych, Polish Minister of Education
1971–Derren Brown, British illusionist
1973–Peter Andre, British–Australian singer–songwriter, businessman and television personality
1974–Colin Edwards, Americanmotorcycle racer
1974–Carte Goodwin, formerUnited States Senator forWest Virginia
1975–Prodromos Korkizoglou, Greekdecathlete

From 1976

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1976–Sergei Semak, Russianfootballer
1978–James Beattie, Englishfootballer
1978–Kakha Kaladze,Georgian footballer
1979–Adriana Campos, Colombianactress (d.2015)
1980–Debbie Flood, British rower
1980–Chelsea Clinton, daughter ofHillary Clinton andBill Clinton
1980–Bobby Valentino, American singer
1981–Evi Goffin, Belgiansinger-songwriter
1981–Josh Groban, American singer
1982–Bruno Soares, Braziliantennis player
1982–Amedy Coulibaly, FrenchIslamic Jihadist (d.2015)
1983–Kate Mara, American actress
1984–Lotta Schelin, Swedishfootballer
1985–Diniyar Bilyaletdinov, Russianfootballer
1985–Brandon Coburn, Canadianice hockey player
1988–Dustin Jeffrey, Canadianice hockey player
1989–Shota Shimizu, Japanese musician
1989–Stephen Kiprotich,Ugandan long–distance runner
1989–Brittany Ashton Holmes, American actress
1992–Jonjo Shelvey, Englishfootballer
1992–Callum Wilson, Englishfootballer
1992–Meyers Leonard, Americanbasketball player
1994–Hou Yifan, Chinesechess player
1996–Marta Bassino, Italianskier

Deaths

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Up to 1900

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640–Pepin the Elder, Frankish Mayor of the Palace (b.580)
956–Patriarch Theophylact of Constantinople (b.917)
1659–Henry Dunster, firstPresident ofHarvard College (b.1609)
1706–John Evelyn, English diarist (b.1620)
1735–John Arbuthnot, Englishphysician andwriter (b.1667)
1795–Tanikaze Kajinosuke, Japanesesumo wrestler (b.1750)
1844–Nicholas Biddle, American banker (b.1786)
1850–Samuel Adams,Governor ofArkansas (b.1805)
1874–Carlos Manuel de Céspedes, Cuban revolutionary (b.1819)
1887–Alexander Borodin, Russian composer (b.1833)
1892–Louis Vuitton, French designer (b.1821)

1901– 2000

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1905–George S. Boutwell,Governor of Massachusetts (b.1818)
1906–Samuel Pierpoint Langley, American astrophysicist (b.1834)
1931–Chandrasekhar Azad, Indian revolutionary (b.1906)
1936–Ivan Pavlov, Russianphysiologist (b.1849)
1936–Joshua W. Alexander,United States Secretary of Commerce (b.1852)
1937–Emily Malbone Morgan, Americansaint (b.1862)
1939–Nadezhda Krupskaya, Russian revolutionary (b.1869)
1941–William D. Byron, American politician (b.1895)
1943–Kostis Palamas, Greek poet (b.1859)
1956–Ganesh Vasudev Mavalankar, Indian politician (b.1888)
1970–Marie Dionne, one of the Dionne quintuplets (b.1934)
1972–Pat Brady, American actor and singer (b.1914)
1973–Bill Everett, Americancomic book artist (b.1917)
1985–Henry Cabot Lodge, American politician (b.1902)
1986–Jacques Plante, Canadianice hockey player (b.1929)
1987–Joan Greenwood, English actress and director (b.1921)
1989–Konrad Lorenz, Austrianzoologist (b.1903)
1993–Lillian Gish, American actress (b.1893)
1998–George H. Hitchings, Americanscientist (b.1905)
1999–Christine Glanville, British puppeteer (b.1924)

From 2001

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2002–Spike Milligan, Irish–born comedian (b.1918)
2003–Fred Rogers, American children's television actor (b.1928)
2003–John Lanchbery, English–Australiancomposer andconductor (b.1923)
2006–Linda Smith, British comedienne (b.1958)
2007–Bobby Rosengarden, Americanjazz drummer (b.1924)
2008–Ivan Rebroff, German singer (b.1931)
2008–William F. Buckley, Jr., American writer and commentator (b.1925)
2009–Manea Manescu,Romanian Prime Minister (b.1916)
2010–Wendy Toye, British actress (b.1917)
2011–Necmettin Erbakan, Turkish Prime Minister (b.1926)
2011–Frank Buckles, AmericanWorld War I veteran andsupercentenarian (b.1901)
2013–Van Cliburn, Americanpianist (b.1934)
2013–Ramon Dekkers, Dutchkickboxer (b.1969)
2013–Dale Robertson, American actor (b.1923)
2014–Jan Hoet, Belgian art historian (b.1936)
2014–Huber Matos, Cuban dissident, activist and writer (b.1918)
2014–Aaron Allston, American game designer andscience fiction writer (b.1960)
2015–Bohdan Tomaszewski, Polish sports commentator (b.1921)
2015–Richard Bakalyan, American actor (b.1931)
2015–Bob Benmosche, American executive (b.1944)
2015–Mykhailo Chechetov, Ukrainian politician (b.1953)
2015–Leonard Nimoy, American actor (b.1931)
2015–Boris Nemtsov, Russian politician (b.1959)
2016–Rajesh Pillai, Indian film director (b.1974)
2017–John Harlan, American radio and television announcer (b.1925)
2017–Carlos Humberto Romero,President ofEl Salvador (b.1924)
2018–Quini, Spanishfootballer (b.1949)
2018–William H. T. Bush, American businessman (b.1938)

Observances

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National Day of theDominican Republic

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Days of the year

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