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February 14

From Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

February 14 is the 45th day of the year in theGregorian calendar.There are 320 days remaining until the end of the year(321 inleap years).

Events

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Up to 1900

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842–Charles the Bald andLouis the German swear the oaths ofStrasbourg in theFrench andGerman languages respectively.
1009– First documented mention ofLithuania
1014–Henry II, Holy Roman Emperor is crowned.
1076–Pope Gregory VII excommunicatesHenry IV, Holy Roman Emperor.
1349– Several hundredJews are burned to death by mobs while the remainder of their population are forced from the city ofStrasbourg.
1556– InEngland,Thomas Cranmer is declared a heretic. He is later burned at the stake.
1648– Astorm flood affects the Holstein area of present–day NorthernGermany.
1778– TheFlag of the United States is formally recognised by a foreign vessel for the first time.
1779–James Cook is killed by NativeHawaiians.
1779–American Revolutionary War:Battle of Kettle Creek,Georgia.
1797–French Revolutionary Wars:Battle of Cape St. Vincent – The BritishRoyal Navy defeats a Spanish fleet nearGibraltar.
1804–Karadjordje leads the firstSerbian Uprising against theOttoman Empire.
1849– InNew York City James K. Polk becomes the first sitting US president to have hisphotograph taken.
1852– TheGreat Ormond Street Hospital for Sick Children inLondon is opened.
1853–Mormon leaderBrigham Young lays the foundation stone for the Salt Lake Temple inSalt Lake City,Utah.
1855–Texas is linked bytelegraph to the rest of theUnited States.
1859–Oregon becomes the 33rd State of theUS.
1876–Alexander Graham Bell andElisha Gray both apply for a patent for thetelephone.
1879– TheWar of the Pacific begins whenChilean forces occupy the then–Bolivian port city ofAntofagasta.
1899– Votingmachines are approved by theUnited States Congress for use on federal elections.
1900–Second Boer War inSouth Africa: 20,000 British troops invade theOrange Free State.

1901– 2000

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1903– TheUnited States Department of Commerce and Labor is created. It later splits into theUnited States Department of Commerce and theUnited States Department of Labor.
1908– The world's firstski lift, invented byRobert Winterhalder, is opened in Schollach,Black Forest,Germany.
1912–Arizona becomes the 48th State of theUS.
1912– The firstdiesel–poweredsubmarine is commissioned.
1918– TheSoviet Union adopts theGregorian calendar.
1919– ThePolish-Soviet War begins.
1920– TheLeague of Women Voters is founded inChicago.
1929– St. Valentine's Day massacre: Seven people, gangster rivals ofAl Capone, are shot dead inChicago.
1932– Thefootball clubFC Vaduz is founded inLiechtenstein.
1942–World War II: TheBattle of Pasir-Panyang contributes to the fall ofSingapore.
1943–World War II:Rostov-on-Don,Russia is liberated.
1944– An anti–Japanese revolt occurs onJava.
1946– TheBank of England is nationalised.
1946– TheENIAC digital calculator is unveiled at theUniversity of Pennsylvania.
1949– TheKnesset,Israeli parliament, meets for the first time.
1949– TheAsbestos Strike begins inCanada.
1952– InOslo, theWinter Olympics begin.
1956– The 20thCongress of theCommunist Party of theSoviet Union begins inMoscow.
1961– Element 103,Lawrencium, is synthesised at theUniversity of California.
1962–US First Lady Jacqueline Kennedy gives television viewers a tour of theWhite House.
1966–Australian currency is decimalised.
1967– TheTreaty of Tlatelolco declares theCaribbean andLatin America anuclear weapon–free zone, withCuba becoming the last country to sign it in2002.
1970– The Who record the iconic live rock albumLive at Leeds.
1972– The Star ofSierra Leone becomes the third–largestdiamond ever found.
1981– Stardust Disaster: Afire in aDublin nightclub kills 48 people.
1984–1984 Winter Olympics: In pairs figure skating,Jayne Torville andChristopher Dean ofGreat Britain win a historicgold medal, receiving perfect scores.
1989–Ayatollah Khomeini issues a fatwa (death warrant) against the writerSalman Rushdie for his novelThe Satanic Verses.
1990– TheVoyager 1 spacecraft takes aphotograph ofEarth from a distance of 6.4billion kilometres.
1990– 92 people are killed when Indian Airlines Flight 605 crashes atBangalore,India.
1996– A Chineserocket, launched from Xichang Satellite Launch Center, goes out of control and crashes into a nearby village, where an estimated 500 people are killed.
1998– Anoil tanker collides with a freight train in Yaounde,Cameroon.
2000– The SpacecraftNEAR Shoemaker enters into orbit aroundasteroid 433 Eros.

From 2001

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2002–Bahrain becomes a kingdom.
2004– InMoscow, theroof of the Transvaal Water Park collapses, killing 25 people.
2005– In thePhilippines a series of bomb attacks inManila,Davao City andGeneral Santos City kills 7 people.
2005– The SunjawanMine Explosion inLiaoning Province,China, kills 214 miners.
2005– A car bomb inBeirut kills 23 people, including formerLebanese Prime Minister Rafik Hariri.
2005–YouTube is founded by a group of college students.
2011– As part of a series of uprisings across NorthAfrica and theMiddle East, protests begin inBahrain.
2013– South African modelReeva Steenkamp is shot dead by her then–partner, athleteOscar Pistorius, who is found guilty of hermanslaughter in2014.
2014–Prime Minister of Italy Enrico Letta submits his resignation toPresident Giorgio Napolitano.
2015–2015 Copenhagen attacks: A gunman attacks a free speech meeting at acafé inCopenhagen that was attended by Swedish cartoonistLars Vilks, killing one. He later attacks the city's mainsynagogue, killing one and injuring two, before being shot dead by police early the following day.
2015–Slovenia'sPeter Prevc breaks the ski jumping world record, by jumping 250 metres in Vikersund,Norway.
2018–Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School shooting: 17 people are shot dead at a high school in Parkland, SouthernFlorida.
2018–Jacob Zuma resigns asPresident ofSouth Africa.
2024– 9 people die in amass shooting inKansas City MO.

Births

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Up to 1850

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1404–Leone Battista Alberti, Italian painter, poet, andphilosopher (died1472)
1468–Johannes Werner, Germanmathematician (died1522)
1483–Zahir al-Din Mohammed Babur Shah, founder of the Moghul dynasty (died1530)
1545–Lucrezia de' Medici, Duchess ofFerrara (died1561)
1602–Francesco Cavalli, Italian composer (died1676)
1679–Georg Friedrich Kauffmann, German composer and organist (died1735)
1680–John Sidney, 6th Earl of Leicester, English privy councillor (died1737)
1692–Pierre-Claude Nivelle de La Chaussée, French writer (died1754)
1701–Enrique Florez, Spanish historian (died1773)
1763–Jean Victor Marie Moreau, French general (died1813)
1766–Thomas Malthus, English economist (died1834)
1778–Minh Mang,Emperor ofVietnam (died1844)
1781–Valentin Gomez Farias, Mexican politician (died1858)
1799–Walenty Wankowicz, Polish painter (died1842)
1800–Emory Washburn, 22ndGovernor of Massachusetts (died1877)
1802–John White, American politician (died1845)
1812–Alfred Thomas Agate, American artist (d.1846)
1812–Christopher Latham Sholes, American inventor, publisher and politician (died1890)
1813–Alexander Dargomyzhsky, Russian composer (died1869)
1824–Winfield Scott Hancock, American general (died1886)
1835–Piet Paaltiens, Dutch poet and minister (died1894)
1838–Margaret E. Knight, Americaninventor (died1914)
1839–Hermann Hankel, Germanmathematician (died1873)
1847–Maria Pia of Savoy, ofPortugal (died1911)
1847–Anna Howard Shaw, English–born American women's suffrage leader (died1919)
1848–Benjamin Baillaud, French astronomer (died1934)

1851– 1900

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1855–Vsevolod Garshin, Russian writer (died1888)
1856–Frank Harris, Irish writer and editor (died1931)
1859–George Washington Gale Ferris, Jr., American engineer, inventor of the Ferris Wheel (died1896)
1860–Eugen Schiffer, German politician (died1954)
1864–Robert E. Park, Americansociologist (died1944)
1869–Charles Thomson Rees Wilson, Scottish physicist,Nobel Prize laureate (died1959)
1871–Gerda Lundequist, Swedish actress (died1959)
1878–Koki Hirota,Prime Minister of Japan (died1948)
1882–John Barrymore, American actor (died1942)
1884–Nils Olof Chrisander, Swedish actor and movie director (died1947)
1884–Kostas Varnalis, Greekpoet (died1974)
1884–Hezekiah M. Washburn, missionary (died1972)
1885–Syed Zafarul Hasan, Indian–born Pakistaniphilosopher (died1949)
1890–Nina Hamnett, Welsh artist (died1956)
1891–Katherine Stinson, Americanpilot (died1977)
1892–Radola Gajda, Czech commander and politician (died1948)
1894–Jack Benny, American actor and comedian (died1974)
1895–Max Horkheimer, Germanphilosopher and sociologist (died1973)
1898–Bill Tilman, Englishmountaineer and explorer (died1977)
1898–Fritz Zwicky, Swiss–Americanphysicist andastronomer (died1974)

1901– 1950

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1902–Alexander Abusch, German journalist, writer and politician (died1982)
1902–Thelma Ritter, American actress (died1969)
1903–Stu Erwin, American actor (died1967)
1907–Sven Andersson, Swedishfootballer (died1981)
1907–Johnny Longden, British–American jockey (died2003)
1912–Tibor Sekelj, Croatian explorer (died1988)
1913–Mel Allen, American sports reporter (died1996)
1913–Woody Hayes, American college football coach (died1987)
1913–Jimmy Hoffa, American labor union leader (disappeared1975)
1916–Masaki Kobayashi, Japanese director
1916–Marcel Bigeard, French military officer (died2010)
1916–Edward Platt, American actor (died1974)
1917–Herbert A. Hauptman, Americanmathematician, recipient of theNobel Prize in Chemistry (died2011)
1920–Albert Barillé, Polish–French televisionproducer,screenwriter andcartoonist (d.2009)
1921–Hugh Downs, American game show host
1924–Patricia Knatchbull, 2nd Countess Mountbatten of Burma
1924–Peg Murray, Americanactress andsinger
1925–Bom Gillies, New Zealand soldier
1927–Lois Maxwell, Canadian actress (died2007)
1928–Sergey Kapitsa, Russian scientist (died2012)
1928–William Allain,Governor ofMississippi (died2013)
1929–Vic Morrow, American actor (died1982)
1931–Newton de Sordi, Brazilian footballer (died2013)
1931–Brian Kelly, American actor (died2005)
1931–Margarita Lozano, Spanishactress
1932–Alexander Kluge, German actor and movie director
1932–Harriet Andersson, Swedishactress
1933–Robert Shea, Americanwriter (died1994)
1934–Michel Corboz, Swiss conductor
1934–Florence Henderson, American actress and singer (died2016)
1934–Herwig Wolfram, Austrianhistorian
1935–David Wilson, Baron Wilson of Tillyorn, Scottish academic anddiplomat, 27thGovernor ofHong Kong
1935–Krystyna Sienkiewicz, Polishactress andsinger (died2017)
1936–Fanne Foxe, Argentine dancer
1936–Andrew Prine, American actor
1939–Eugene Fama, Americaneconomist
1939–Blowfly, American musician, singer and songwriter (died2016)
1940–Mary Rand, British athlete
1941–Donna Shalala, American politician, educator
1941–Paul Tsongas, U.S. Senator (died1997)
1942–Piotr Szczepanik, Polish singer
1942–Michael Bloomberg,Mayor ofNew York City
1943–Ischa Meijer, Dutch journalist, writer, actor and television presenter (died1995)
1943–Maceo Parker, American musician (P-Funk)
1944–Carl Bernstein, American journalist
1944–Alan Parker, British movie director and writer
1944–Ronnie Peterson, Swedish racing driver (died1987)
1945–Frank Welker, American actor
1945–Hans-Adam II,Prince ofLiechtenstein
1945–Ladislao Mazurkiewicz,Uruguayan footballer (died2013)
1946–Bernard Dowiyogo,President ofNauru (died2003)
1946–Ainsley Gotto, Australian political staffer and interior designer (died2018)
1946–Gregory Hines, American dancer and actor (died2003)
1947–Judd Gregg, American politician, formerGovernor ofNew Hampshire
1947–Tim Buckley, Americansinger-songwriter (died1975)
1947–Heide Rosendahl, German athlete
1948–Pat O'Brien, American sportscaster and television host
1948–Teller, American magician (Penn and Teller)

1951– 1975

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1951–Kevin Keegan, English footballer
1951–JoJo Starbuck, American ice skater
1952–Sushma Swaraj, Indian politician
1953–Hans Krankl, Austrian footballer
1953–Sergey Mironov, Russian politician
1956–Howard Davis, Jr., American boxer (died2015)
1959–Renée Fleming, American soprano
1960–Jim Kelly, American football player
1960–Meg Tilly, Canadian actress
1962–Josef Hader, Austrian comedian and actor
1962–Kevyn Aucoin, American cosmetologist
1963–Philippe Sella, Frenchrugby player
1963–Enrico Colantoni, Canadian actor
1963–Zach Galligan, American actor
1963–Guildo Horn, German singer
1966–Petr Svoboda, Czechice hockey player
1967–Manuela Maleeva, Bulgariantennis player
1967–Mark Rutte,Prime Minister of theNetherlands
1967–Stelios Haji-Ioannou, Cypriot–British airline entrepreneur
1968–Jules Asner, American model and television personality
1968–Latifa, Tunisian singer
1968–Scott McClellan, 25thWhite House Press Secretary
1970–Simon Pegg, English comedian, writer, and actor
1970–Giuseppe Guerini, Italian cyclist
1971–Noriko Sakai, Japanese singer
1971–Kris Aquino, Filipinatelevision host,actress andmodel
1971–Nelson Frazier, Jr., Americanprofessional wrestler (d.2014)
1972–Hiroshi, Japanese comedian
1972–Drew Bledsoe, American football player
1972–Jann Tallinn, Estonian programmer and physicist
1972–Rob Thomas, American musician (matchbox twenty)
1973–Yuka Sato, Japanese figure skater
1973–Deena Kastor, Americanmarathon runner
1973–Steve McNair, American football player (died in 2009)
1974–Filippa Giordano, Italian singer
1974–Valentina Vezzali, Italian fencer and politician
1975–Xie Hui, Chinese footballer

From 1976

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1977–Cadel Evans,cyclist, first Australian Tour de France winner
1977–Darren Bennett, English dancer
1978–Dean Gaffney, English actor
1978–Richard Hamilton, American basketball player
1979–Antonio Chatman, American football player
1980–Fatima Leyva, Mexican footballer
1981–Brad Halsey, Americanbaseball player (d.2014)
1982–Matteo Brighi, Italian footballer
1983–Bacary Sagna, French footballer
1984–Hamed Namouchi,Tunisian footballer
1985–Lee Hae-ri, South Koreansinger andactress
1985–Philippe Senderos, Swiss footballer
1986–Tiffany Thornton, American actress
1987–Edinson Cavani,Uruguayan footballer
1987–Yulia Savicheva, Russian singer
1988–Angel Di Maria, Argentine footballer
1988–Asia Nitollano, American dancer and reality show contestant
1989–Adam Matuszczak, Polish footballer
1989–Emma Miskew, Canadiancurler
1989–Brandon Sutter, Canadianice hockey player
1989–Kristian Thomas, English gymnast
1990–Brett Dier, Canadian actor
1992–Christian Eriksen, Danish footballer
1992–Freddie Highmore, British actor
1993–Shane Harper, Americansinger-songwriter,guitarist andactor
1994–Paul Butcher, American actor
1995–Nikita Tregubov, Russianskeleton bobsledder
1997–Breel Embolo, Cameroonian–Swissfootballer

Deaths

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Up to 1900

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270–Saint Valentine
869–Saint Cyril, Greek monk, scholar, theologian andlinguist (b.827)
1229–Ragnvald Godredson, King of the Isles
1317–Margaret of France, Queen of England (b.1282)
1400– KingRichard II of England (b.1367)
1405–Timur, Mongol ruler (b.1336)
1714–Maria Luisa of Savoy, Queen Consort ofSpain (b.1688)
1737–Charles Talbot, 1st Baron Talbot of Hensol, Lord High Chancellor ofGreat Britain (b.1685)
1779–James Cook, British naval officer and explorer (b.1728)
1782–Singu Min, King ofBurma (b.1756)
1808–John Dickinson,Governor ofDelaware andPennsylvania (b.1732)
1831–Vicente Guerrero, Mexicanrevolutionary hero (b.1782)
1831–Henry Maudslay, Englishinventor (b.1771)
1834–John Shore, 1st Baron Teignmouth, British politician (b.1751)
1881–Fernando Wood,Mayor ofNew York City (b.1812)
1884–Alice Hathaway Lee Roosevelt, wife ofTheodore Roosevelt (b.1861)
1891–William Tecumseh Sherman, American general (b.1820)
1894–Eugene Charles Catalan, Belgianmathematician (b.1814)

1901– 2000

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1901–Edward Stafford, 3rdPrime Minister of New Zealand (b.1819)
1910–Giovanni Passannante, Italiananarchist (b.1849)
1922–Heikki Ritavuori, Finnish politician (b.1880)
1929–Thomas Burke, American sprinter (b.1875)
1929–Frank Gusenberg, American gangster (b.1892)
1929–Peter Gusenberg, American gangster (b.1899)
1930–Thomas Mackenzie, Scottish–New Zealand politician, 18thPrime Minister of New Zealand (b.1853)
1938–Christian Lous Lange, Norwegian politician (b.1869)
1943–Dora Gerson, German actress, cabaret singer andHolocaust victim (b.1899)
1943–David Hilbert, Germanmathematician (b.1862)
1948–Mordecai Brown, Americanbaseball player (b.1876)
1958–Abdur Rab Nishtar, Pakistani politician (b.1899)
1959–Baby Dodds, Americanjazz drummer (b.1898)
1967–Sig Ruman, German–American actor (b.1884)
1969–Vito Genovese, American gangster (b.1897)
1975–Julian Huxley, English biologist (b.1887)
1975–P. G. Wodehouse, English writer (b.1881)
1980–Rudra Baruah, Indiansinger-songwriter (b.1926)
1983–Lina Radke, Germanathlete (b.1903)
1988–Frederick Loewe, Austrian–American composer (b.1901)
1989–Albert Hawke, Australian politician (b.1900)
1994–Andrei Chikatilo, Russian serial killer (b.1936)
1995–U Nu,Burmese politician (b.1907)
1995–Ischa Meijer, Dutch journalist, writer, actor and television presenter (b.1943)
1996–Bob Paisley, English football manager (b.1919)
1996–McLean Stevenson, American actor (b.1929)
1999–John Ehrlichman, American politician (b.1925)
1999–Buddy Knox, Americansinger-songwriter (b.1933)

From 2001

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2002–Nandor Hidegkuti, Hungarian footballer (b.1922)
2003–Dolly the Sheep, cloned mammal (b.1996)
2003–Johnny Longden, British–American jockey (b.1907)
2004–Marco Pantani, Italiancyclist (b.1970)
2005–Rafik Hariri, Lebanese businessman and politician (b.1944)
2010–Dick Francis, British jockey and writer (b.1920)
2011–George Shearing, English–born Americanjazz pianist (b.1919)
2013–Reeva Steenkamp, South African model (b.1983)
2013–Ronald Dworkin, Americanphilosopher (b.1931)
2014–Remo Capitani, Italian actor (b.1927)
2014–James Condon, Australian actor (b.1923)
2014–Tom Finney, Englishfootballer (b.1922)
2014–Bob L. Harris, American actor (b.1922)
2014–Ferry Hoogendijk, Dutch political scientist (b.1933)
2014–Ken Jones, English actor (b.1930)
2014–Mike Stepovich, American politician, last–surviving territorialGovernor in theUS (inAlaska) (b.1919)
2014–Edward J. Walsh, Americanjournalist (b.1942)
2015–Wim Ruska, Dutchjudoka (b.1940)
2015–Michele Ferrero, Italian businessman (b.1925)
2015–Louis Jourdan, French actor (b.1921)
2015–Philip Levine, American poet (b.1928)
2015–Pamela Cundell, English actress (b.1920)
2015–Franjo Mihalic, Serbian runner (b.1920)
2016–Muriel Casals i Couturier, Spanisheconomist (b.1945)
2016–Ali Brownlee, English radio sports broadcaster (b.1959)
2016–Eric Lubbock, 4th Baron Avebury, English politician (b.1928)
2016–Wieslaw Rudkowski, Polish boxer (b.1946)
2017–Hans Trass, Estonianbotanist (b.1928)
2017–Cipriano Chemello, Italian cyclist (b.1945)
2017–Siegfried Herrmann, German long–distance runner (b.1932)
2017–Elisabeth Lichtenberger, Austriangeographer (b.1925)
2018–Lerone Bennett Jr., American scholar, writer and editor (b.1928)
2018–Don Carter, American businessman (b.1935)
2018–Antoni Krauze, Polishscreenwriter anddirector (b.1940)
2018–Ruud Lubbers, formerPrime minister of theNetherlands (b.1939)
2018–Morgan Tsvangirai, Zimbabwean politician, opposition leader and 2ndPrime minister ofZimbabwe (b.1952)

Observances

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Valentine's Day
Statehood Day inArizona andOregon

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