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Edo period

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History of Japan

Edo period (江戸時代,Edo-jidai), also called theTokugawa period (徳川時代Tokugawa-jidai), is the time between 1600 and 1868 in thehistory of Japan.[1] During this long time Japanese society was ruled by theTokugawa shogunate and the country's 300 regionalfeudal lords.

These years come after theAzuchi-Momoyama period, and before theMeiji Restoration and the development of modern Japan.[2]

The Tokugawa shogunate wasestablished atEdo in 1603 by theshogunTokugawa Ieyasu.[3] The period was marked by the influence ofneo-Confucianism andShinto.[4] The 15th and last shogun wasTokugawa Yoshinobu.[5]

The period ended with theMeiji Restoration, which was the restoration of imperialrule. The Edo period is also known as the beginning of the early modern period of Japan.[6]

Timeline

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In 1600, theBattle of Sekigahara establishes a context for the next two centuries.Tokugawa Ieyasu defeats a coalition of daimyo and establishes hegemony over most of Japan.[7]

In 1868,Tokugawa Yoshinobu resigns, the Tokugawa shogunate ends. This marks the end of the Edo period.Emperor Meiji establishes his Imperial capital in Edo, which is renamed Tokyo ("eastern capital").[19]

Picture gallery

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  • Tokugawa Ieyasu, first shogun of the Tokugawa shogunate
    Tokugawa Ieyasu, first shogun of the Tokugawa shogunate
  • A yagura, or turret, at Edo Castle in Tokyo.
    Ayagura, or turret, atEdo Castle in Tokyo.
  • Hasekura Tsunenaga, a Samurai and Japan's first official ambassador to the Americas and Europe, 1613-1620.
    Hasekura Tsunenaga, aSamurai and Japan's first official ambassador to the Americas and Europe, 1613-1620.
  • Matsumoto Castle in Nagano Prefecture
    Matsumoto Castle in Nagano Prefecture
  • Nihonbashi Fish Market Prosperity (Edo period) by Utagawa Kuniyasu
    Nihonbashi Fish Market Prosperity (Edo period) by Utagawa Kuniyasu
  • Terakoya, private educational school
    Terakoya, private educational school
  • Wadokei, Japanese-made clockwatch, 18th century.
    Wadokei, Japanese-made clockwatch, 18th century.
  • Kaitai Shinsho, Japan's first treatise on Western anatomy, published in 1774.
    Kaitai Shinsho, Japan's first treatise on Westernanatomy, published in 1774.
  • The Great Wave off Kanagawa by Katsushika Hokusai (1760–1849).
    The Great Wave off Kanagawa by KatsushikaHokusai (1760–1849).

Economy Trade Diplomacy

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In the Edo period, Japan developed very much economically, and accumulation of the capital became the driving force of the economic development after the Meiji Restoration.

Because many daimyos stayed at the inn along the highway by daimyo's alternate-year residence in Tokyo, the circulation of the economy became active.

And due to the stable economy, Japanese special culture such as Nou or Kabuki or Ukiyoe had also developed very well.

The Shogunate instituted a foreign policy of isolationism.

Therefore trade relations carried out by the Shogunate are onlyShin (清,Shin) in Nagasaki, and the Netherland in Dejima.

Related pages

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References

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  1. ↑1.01.1Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002).Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 167.ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.
  2. ↑Library of Congress Country Studies, Japan (LOC),"Tokugawa Period". Retrieved 2012-5-1.
  3. ↑Hall, John Whitney. (1991).Japan: From Prehistory to Modern Times, pp. 160-164.
  4. ↑Hall, pp. 181-185.
  5. ↑Hall, pp. 262-264.
  6. ↑Hall, pp. 265-272.
  7. ↑7.07.17.27.37.47.5Hall, p. 359.
  8. ↑"Japan, Spain to Seek UNESCO Heritage Ratification,"Archived 2011-10-19 at theWayback MachineYomiuri Shimbun. October 18, 2011. Retrieved 2011-11-17; note thatKeichō means theJapanese era name (nengō) for the years from 1596 through 1615.
  9. ↑Titsingh, p. 410.
  10. ↑Klaproth, Julius von (1834).Nipon o dai itsi ran: ou Annales des empereurs du Japon. Oriental Translation Fund. p. 416.
  11. ↑Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002).Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 617.ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.
  12. ↑Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002).Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 593.ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.
  13. ↑Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002).Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 788.ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.
  14. ↑Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002).Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 761.ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.
  15. ↑Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002).Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 382.ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.
  16. ↑Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002).Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 957.ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.
  17. ↑Sewall, John. (1905).The Logbook of the Captain's Clerk: Adventures in the China Seas, p. lxiv;Cullen, Louis M. (2003).A History of Japan, 1582-1941: Internal and External Worlds, p. 178 n11.
  18. ↑Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2002).Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 862.ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.
  19. ↑Hall, p. 360.

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