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December 27

From Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

December 27 is the 361st day of the year(362nd inleap years) in theGregorian calendar.There are four days remaining until the end of the year.

Events

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Up to 1900

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537– TheHagia Sophia is consecrated as achurch inByzantium.
1703–Portugal andEngland sign theMethuen Treaty which gives preference to Portuguese importedwines into England.
1814–War of 1812: American schooner (a type ofsailing boat) USSCarolina is destroyed.
1831–Charles Darwin begins his trip on the boat theHMSBeagle, where he will think of the theory ofevolution.
1836– The worst everavalanche inEngland happens atLewes,Sussex, killing 8 people.
1845–Ether anesthetic is used for childbirth for the first time (Dr.Crawford Williamson Long inJefferson, Georgia).

1901– 2000

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1904–James Barrie's playPeter Pan begins to be shown inLondon.
1904– TheAbbey Theatre opens.
1911–Jana Gana Mana, the national anthem ofIndia, is first sung at theCalcutta session of theIndian National Congress.
1918– Beginning ofGreat Poland Uprising. The Poles inPoland beign to fight against theGermans so that they can become free.
1922–Japanese aircraft carrierHosho becomes the first purpose–built aircraft carrier to be commissioned in the world.
1923–Daisuke Namba, Japanese student, tries toassassinate Japan's then–Prince–RegentHirohito.
1932–Radio City Music Hall opens inNew York City.
1936–Spanish Civil War:Francisco Franco's forces bombSantander.
1939–Erzincan,Turkey, is struck by a majorearthquake, killing 30,000 people.
1939–Winter War:Finland holds off aSoviet Union attack in theBattle of Kelja.
1945– TheWorld Bank is created with the signing of an agreement by 28 nations.
1945–Korea is divided (put into two pieces).
1947–Howdy Doody, a children'stelevision program, makes its debut (NBC).
1949–Indonesian National Revolution: QueenJuliana of the Netherlands recognisesIndonesia as an independent country.
1959– In a referendum, voters in the Pacific islands ofWallis and Futuna decide that their islands should have the status of a French overseas territory.
1960–The Beatles play their first performance in Litherland Town Hall,Liverpool.
1966– The Cave of Swallows, the largest–knowncave shaft, is discovered near San Luis Potosí,Mexico.
1968– Long–time radio showThe Breakfast Club ends onABC radio.
1975– A mining explosion inJharkhand,India, causes aflood, in which 372 miners drown.
1978–Spain becomes ademocracy (a place where people vote) after 40 years ofdictatorship.
1979– TheSoviet Union invadesAfghanistan andBabrak Karmal becomes the new president. The old one,Hafizullah Amin, was killed.
1985–Palestinian fighters kill twenty people in theRome andVienna airports (places where airplanes take off and land).
1985– American naturalistDian Fossey is found murdered inRwanda.
1996–Taliban fighters take over theBagram air base. They became safer and stronger inKabul after they did that.
1997– Protestant paramilitary (paramilitary is what you call an army that is not legal and part of the government) leaderBilly Wright is assassinated in Northern Ireland.

From 2001

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2001– ThePeople's Republic of China is granted permanentnormal trade relations with theUnited States.
2002– Twotruck bombs inGrozny kill 72 and hurt 200 at the building where the government ofChechnya works.
2004–Radiation from an explosion on themagnetar "SGR 1806-20" reachesEarth. It is the brightest extrasolar (outside theSolar System) event known to have been witnessed on the planet.
2006–Space telescopeCOROT is launched on aRussian Soyuz rocket fromBaikonur,Kazakhstan.
2007–Benazir Bhutto, formerPrime Minister of Pakistan, is killed in a terrorist attack inRawalpindi,Pakistan.
2007–Mwai Kibaki is declared the winner of a disputedPresidential election inKenya. Riots start, which ultimately lead to a political, economic andhumanitarian crisis.
2008– A three–week war begins in theGaza Strip, asIsrael launchesOperation Cast Lead on suspectedHamas militants inGaza, lasting three weeks.

Births

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Up to 1900

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1350–John I of Aragon (d.1396)
1390–Anne de Mortimer, claimant to the English throne (d.1411)
1459–John I Albert, King ofPoland (d.1501)
1555–Johann Arndt, Germantheologian (d.1621)
1566–Jan Jesenius,Slovakian physician,politician andphilosopher (d.1621)
1571–Johannes Kepler, Germanastronomer (d.1630)
1572–Johannes Vodnianus Campanus, Czechhumanist (d.1622)
1654–Jacob Bernoulli, Swissmathematician (d.1705)
1717–Pope Pius VI (d.1799)
1755–Anthony of Saxony (d.1836)
1761–Michael Andreas Barclay de Tolly, Russian field marshal (d.1818)
1773–George Cayley, Englishnaturalist, physical scientist,engineer,politician (d.1857)
1776–Nikolay Kamensky, Russian general (d.1811)
1793–Alexander Gordon Laing, Scottish explorer (d.1826)
1796–Mirza Ghalib,poet ofUrdu (d.1869)
1797–Manuela Saenz,South American independence activist (d.1856)
1802–Gerardus Johannes Mulder, Dutchphysician andchemist (d.1880)
1803–François-Marie-Thomas Chevalier de Lorimier, Canadianactivist (d.1839)
1822–Louis Pasteur, French scientist (d.1895)
1823– SirMackenzie Bowell, fifthPrime Minister of Canada (d.1896)
1832–Pavel Tretyakov, Russian businessman and patron of art (d.1897)
1851–Percy Gilchrist,metallurgist (d.1935)
1858–Juan Luis Sanfuentes,President of Chile (d.1930)
1860–David Hendricks Bergey,bacteriologist (d.1937)
1863–Louis Lincoln Emmerson, 27thGovernor ofIllinois (d.1941)
1867–Léon Delacroix,Prime Minister of Belgium (d.1929)
1879–Sydney Greenstreet, Britishactor (d.1954)
1881–Antonio Granjo, Portuguese politician (d.1921)
1883–Cyrus S. Eaton, Canadian–American financier, businessman and philanthropist (d.1979)
1888–Thea von Harbou, Germanwriter andactress (d.1954)
1892–Alfred Edwin McKay, Canadianpilot (d.1917)
1896–Carl Zuckmayer, German writer (d.1977)
1896–Louis Bromfield, writer (d.1956)
1900–Hans Stuck, Germanautomobile racer (d.1978)

1901– 1950

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1901–Marlene Dietrich, German actress and singer (d.1992)
1903–Hermann Volk, Germancardinal (d.1988)
1906–Oscar Levant,composer and actor (d.1972)
1907–Sebastian Haffner, German publicist (someone who tells people about things) (d.1999)
1907–Willem van Otterloo, Dutchconductor andcomposer (d.1978)
1909–Henryk Jablonski, Polish politician (d.2003)
1914–Doris Bowdon, American actress (d.2005)
1915–William Masters, Americansexologist (d.2001)
1917–Buddy Boudreaux, Americanjazz musician (d.2015)
1923–Lucas Mangope, South African politician (d.2018)
1925–Michel Piccoli, French actor
1926–Jerome Courtland, American actor, director and producer
1926–Rodrigo Carazo Odio,President ofCosta Rica (d.2009)
1927–Nityanand Swami, Indian politician, 1stChief Minister ofUttarakhand (d.2012)
1928–Walter Romberg, German politician (d.2014)
1930–Marshall Sahlins, Americananthropologist
1931–John Charles, Welshfootballer (d.2004)
1931–Tommy Lapid, Israeli politician (d.2008)
1931–Scotty Moore, American rock musician (d.2016)
1934–Larisa Latynina, Russian gymnast
1935–Michael Turnbull, Englishbishop
1938–Stanislav Stanojevic, Serbian–born French movie director and actor
1938–Rolf Wolfsohl, German cyclist
1939–John Amos, American actor
1941–Miles Aiken, Americanbasketball player and coach
1941–Mike Pinder, Englishsinger-songwriter andkeyboardist
1941–Nolan Richardson, Americanbasketball player and coach
1942–Charmian Carr, American actress (d.2016)
1942–Thomas Menino, 53rdMayor ofBoston, Massachusetts (d.2014)
1942–Ron Jacobs, Americanbasketball coach (d.2015)
1943–Joan Manuel Serrat,Catalan singer-songwriter
1943–Cokie Roberts, Americanjournalist (d.2019)
1944–Markus Werner, Swiss writer (d.2016)
1946–Janet Street-Porter, English journalist and television presenter
1946–Polly Toynbee, Englishjournalist
1948–Gérard Depardieu, French actor
1949–Klaus Fischer, Germanfootballer
1950–Roberto Bettega, Italianfootballer

1951– 1975

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1951–Ernesto Zedillo, formerPresident ofMexico
1952–David Knopfler, British musician (Dire Straits)
1952–Tovah Feldshuh, American actress
1954–Kent Benson, Americanbasketball player
1956–Doina Melinte, Romanian athlete
1957–Dane Witherspoon, American actor (d.2014)
1958–Shahid Khaqan Abbasi,Prime Minister of Pakistan
1959–Gerina Dunwich, occult writer
1960–Maryam d'Abo, British actress
1961–Guido Westerwelle, German politician (d.2016)
1963–Claus Meyer, Danish chef, television host and restaurateur
1963–Gaspar Noé, Argentine–born director
1964–Theresa Randle, American actress
1965–Salman Khan,Indian actor
1966–Masahiro Fukuda, Japanesefootballer
1966–Bill Goldberg, Americanprofessional wrestler, American football player
1966–Eva LaRue, American actress
1969–Sarah Vowell, American writer and journalist
1970–Chyna, Americanprofessional wrestler and pornographic actress (d.2016)
1971–Duncan Ferguson, Scottishfootballer
1971–Sergei Bodrov, Jr., Russian movie actor and director (d.2002)
1971–Sabine Spitz, German cyclist
1973–Wilson Cruz, actor
1974–Masi Oka, Japanese–American actor
1975–Heather O'Rourke, Americanchild actress (Poltergeist) (d.1988)

From 1976

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1976–Curro Torres, Spanishfootballer
1976–Aaron Stanford, American actor and producer
1976–Piotr Morawski, Polishmountaineer (d.2009)
1976–Tim Roberts, Americanprofessional wrestler (d.2015)
1979–David Dunn, Englishfootballer
1979–Carson Palmer,American football quarterback,Heisman Trophy winner
1981–Emilie de Ravin, Australian actress
1981–Javine, British singer
1981–Lise Darly, French singer
1981–Patrick Sharp, Canadianice hockey player
1983–Anthony Boric, New Zealandrugby player
1983–Cole Hamels, Americanbaseball player
1984–Black M, French rapper and singer–songwriter
1984–Gilles Simon, Frenchtennis player
1985–Adil Rami, Frenchfootballer
1985–Cristian Villagra, Argentinefootballer
1986–Torah Bright, Australiansnowboarder
1986–Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce,Jamaican athlete
1987–Logan Bailly, Belgianfootballer
1988–Hiroki Yamada, Japanesefootballer
1988–Hayley Williams, American singer (Paramore)
1988–Zavon Hines,Jamaican–Englishfootballer
1990–Milos Raonic, Canadiantennis player
1991–Chloe Bridges, American actress
1991–Jimi Blue Ochsenknecht, German actor and rapper
1991–Danny Wilson, Scottishfootballer
1995–Mark Lapidus, Estonianchess player
1997–Ana Konjuh, Croatiantennis player

Deaths

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Up to 1900

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1065– KingFerdinand I of Leon and Castile (b.1018)
1076– PrinceSviatoslav of Kiev (b.1027)
1087–Bertha of Savoy, German queen and Holy Roman Empress (b.1051)
1381–Edmund Mortimer, 3rd Earl of March, English politician
1543–George, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach (b.1484)
1743–Hyacinthe Rigaud, Frenchsculptor (b.1659)
1771–Henri Pitot, French inventor (b.1695)
1782–Henry Home, Lord Kames, Scottishlawyer andphilosopher (b.1697)
1800–Hugh Blair, Scottishminister andauthor (b.1718)
1812–Rabbi Shneur Zalman of Liadi, founder of theChabad Hasidic movement (b.1745)
1836–Stephen F. Austin, American pioneer (someone who goes to new places) (b.1793)
1873–Edward Blyth, Englishzoologist andornithologist (b.1810)
1881–John J. Bagley, American politician, 16thGovernor ofMichigan (b.1832)
1891–Antonio Arenas,President ofPeru (b.1808)
1896–John Brown, manufacturer (b.1861)
1900–William George Armstrong, inventor, industrialist and engineer (b.1810)

1901– 2000

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1914–Charles Martin Hall, chemist, inventor (b.1863)
1923–Gustave Eiffel, French engineer and architect (b.1832)
1925–Sergei Yesenin, Russian poet (b.1895)
1936–Mehmet Akif Ersoy, Turkishpoet,writer and academic (b.1873)
1937–William Noble Andrews, American politician (b.1876)
1938–Calvin Bridges, geneticist (b.1889)
1942–William G. Morgan, Americaninventor ofvolleyball (b.1870)
1950–Max Beckmann, German painter (b.1884)
1953–Julian Tuwim, Polishpoet (b.1894)
1957–Otto Nuschke, German politician (b.1883)
1958–Harry Warner, American studio executive (b.1881)
1966–Guillermo Stabile, Argentinefootballer (b.1905)
1968–Victor Ernest Shelford, zoologist (b.1877)
1972–Lester Pearson, fourteenthPrime Minister of Canada (b.1897)
1974–Vladimir Fock, Russianphysicist andmathematician (b.1898)
1974–Amy Vanderbilt, Americanauthor (b.1908)
1978–Houari Boumedienne,President of Algeria (b.1932)
1979–Hafizullah Amin,President of Afghanistan (b.1929)
1981–Hoagy Carmichael, American composer, singer (b.1899)
1982–Jack Swigert, Americanastronaut (b.1931)
1985–Dian Fossey, American biologist (b.1932)
1988–Hal Ashby, movie director (b.1929)
1994–Fanny Cradock, Britishchef and cookery writer (b.1909)
1997–Billy Wright, IrishProtestant paramilitary leader (b.1960)
1997–Brendan Gill, columnist, humorist (someone who makes people laugh) (b.1953)

From 2001

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2002–George Roy Hill, movie director (b.1922)
2003–Alan Bates, British actor (b.1934)
2003–Ivan Calderon,baseball player (b.1962) (murdered)
2007–Benazir Bhutto, Pakistani politician (b.1953)
2007–Jerzy Kawalerowicz, Polish movie director (b.1922)
2007–Jaan Kross, Estonian writer (b.1920)
2008–Alfred Pfaff, Germanfootballer (b.1926)
2009–Takashi Takabayashi, Japanesefootballer (b.1931)
2010–Ronald Lee Herrick, organ donor (b.1931)
2011–Helen Frankenthaler, American painter (b.1928)
2011–Michael Dummett, Britishphilosopher (b.1925)
2012–Harry Carey, Jr., American actor (b.1921)
2012–Norman Schwarzkopf, Jr., Americangeneral (b.1934)
2012–Jesco von Puttkamer, German–Americanengineer (b.1933)
2013–Mohamad Chatah,Lebanese economist anddiplomat (b.1951) (car bombing)
2013–Elvira Quintilla, Spanish actress (b.1928)
2014–Tomaz Salamun, Slovenianpoet (b.1941)
2014–Karel Poma, Belgian politician (b.1920)
2015–Alfredo Pacheco,El Salvadorean footballer (b.1982)
2015–Haskell Wexler, Americancinematographer,movie producer anddirector (b.1922)
2015–Dave Henderson, Americanbaseball player (b.1958)
2015–Ellsworth Kelly, American painter, sculptor and printmaker (b.1923)
2015–Meadowlark Lemon, Americanbasketball player (b.1932)
2015–Stein Eriksen, Norwegianskier (b.1927)
2015–Gabriel Tambon, French politician (b.1930)
2016–Ratnasiri Wickremanayake,Prime Minister ofSri Lanka (b.1951)
2016–Claude Gensac, French actress (b.1927)
2016–Carrie Fisher, American actress and writer (b.1956)
2016–Hans Tietmeyer, Germaneconomist (b.1931)
2017–Ben Barres, Americanneurobiologist (b.1954)
2017–Osvaldo Fattori, Italianfootballer (b.1922)
2017–Thomas Hunter, American actor (b.1932)

Observances

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Saint John the Apostle and Evangelist
Constitution Day (North Korea)
Saint Stephen's Day (Eastern Orthodox Church), public holiday inRomania.

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