Movatterモバイル変換


[0]ホーム

URL:


Jump to content
WikipediaThe Free Encyclopedia
Search

Boris Yeltsin

From Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Boris Yeltsin
Борис Ельцин
Official Portrait,c. 1991-93
1stPresident of Russia
In office
25 December 1991 – 31 December 1999
As President ofRussian SFSR from 10 July 1991 to 25 December 1991
Preceded byHimself (as Chairman of the Supreme Soviet of Russia)
Mikhail Gorbachev (asPresident of the Soviet Union)
Succeeded byVladimir Putin
Personal details
BornFebruary 1, 1931
Butka,Sverdlovsk,
Soviet Union
DiedApril 23, 2007(2007-04-23) (aged 76)[1]
Moscow,Russia
NationalityRussian
Spouse(s)Naina Yeltsina

Boris Nikolaevich Yeltsin (audio speaker iconlisten (help·info);Russian:Бори́с Никола́евич Е́льцин; February 1, 1931 – April 23, 2007) was the firstPresident of Russia and the country's first elected leader. He served from 1991 to 1999.[2]

Early life

[change |change source]

Yeltsin was born in a small village near theUral Mountains on February 1, 1931.[3] As a boy, he lost two fingers from his left hand after he and his friends played withgrenades they had stolen from an army store. Yeltsin worked as a builder, then joined the Communist Party in 1961. He was the leader of the city of Sverdlovsk (now Yekaterinburg) during the 1970s. One of the things he did was demolish the building whereNicholas II and his family were shot.

Political career

[change |change source]

In 1985,Mikhail Gorbachev made Yeltsin the leader of the city ofMoscow. Yeltsin became one of the moreliberal members of Gorbachev's government, and he often complained that Gorbachev's reforms were not doing enough. Eventually, in 1987, he had an argument with Gorbachev and ended up being kicked out. Yeltsin then became determined to get revenge. After Russia's elections in 1989, Yeltsin became leader of the Russian Parliament. It was his idea to create the office of President of Russia in the first place.

President of Russia

[change |change source]

Yeltsin became the first elected leader of Russia in 1991. He won 57% of the vote. Two months later, Yeltsin became a hero across Russia when he helped stop an attack on the government in Moscow. Later that year, the Soviet Union collapsed as Russia and all 14 other divisions made themselves independent. Yeltsin won support from theUnited States andEurope when he promised to bringcapitalism anddemocracy to Russia, but the 1990s were difficult times for Russia and Yeltsin was an unpopular leader while President.

In 1993, the RussianParliament tried to remove Yeltsin from power after he tried to hold early elections. The problem got so bad that Yeltsin ended up using tanks to attack the Russian Parliament building. After he stopped Parliament, Yeltsin ruled as a dictator for a few months until a newconstitution was approved by voters.

Throughout the rest of his time as president, Russia would be affected by many money problems, includinginflation andcorruption. Yeltsin decided to sell off many things the government had owned, such as oil and natural gas, and many government businesses, but these ended up falling into the hands of a small powerful group of billionaires, who became known as the oligarchs. In 1998, Russia suffered a large financial crisis. Yeltsin also started a war to stop theChechnya part of Russia from breaking away. However, Vladimir Putin was mainly behind the war with Chechnya.

Despite these problems, Yeltsin was re-elected in 1996. His biggest opponent was aCommunist, Gennady Zyuganov. Many Russians felt that if Zyuganov was elected, it would cause a civil war. But by the time he resigned on New Year's Eve in 1999, Yeltsin was so unpopular, that his approval rating was believed to be just 2%.[source?]

Later career

[change |change source]
The 1999New Year's Address by the President of Russia. Just a few minutes before theKremlin Clock's bells chimes and thenational anthem played, Yeltsin announced his resignation as President.

Yeltsin resigned as President onNew Year's Eve in 1999 in thatNew Year's address, saying he believed Russia should have "new politicians for a new millennium".[4] Yeltsin's Prime MinisterVladimir Putin took over as president. This was only temporary, but Putin was then properly elected a few months later when an election was held to decide who should replace Yeltsin.

Personal life

[change |change source]

Yeltsin struggled withalcoholism while President. This often resulted in some strange behaviour when he visited other countries. During a visit to Berlin, he grabbed a stick and tried to conduct a military band. During a visit to Washington, he was found drunk outside theWhite House by members of theSecret Service. He also suffered fromheart attacks.

Death

[change |change source]

Yeltsin died ofcardiac arrest caused bycongestive heart andmultiple organ failure on April 23, 2007 inMoscow, Russia, aged 76.[5][6] His funeral was held on April 25, 2007.

References

[change |change source]
  1. "Former Russian President Yeltsin dies".Sky News. 23 April 2007. Archived fromthe original on 16 October 2007. Retrieved21 February 2014.
  2. "Russian ex-president Yeltsin dies". BBC. 23 April 2007.
  3. "Timeline of a Leader".Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. October 1998. Archived fromthe original on 16 October 2007. Retrieved17 April 2007.
  4. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/world/monitoring/584845.stm
  5. "У первого президента не выдержало сердце".Komsomolskaya Pravda. 24 April 2007. Retrieved24 April 2007.(in Russian)
  6. "Ельцин умер от остановки сердца". Lenta. 23 April 2007. Retrieved24 April 2007.(in Russian)

Other websites

[change |change source]
Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to:Boris Yeltsin
Wikimedia Commons has media related toBoris Yeltsin.
Presidents
standard of the President of the Russian Federation
Acting Presidents
International
National
Academics
People
Other
Retrieved from "https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Boris_Yeltsin&oldid=9973872"
Categories:
Hidden categories:

[8]ページ先頭

©2009-2025 Movatter.jp