| Battle of the Atlantic | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of theSecond World War | |||||||
 Officers on the bridge of an escorting British destroyer stand watch for enemy submarines, October 1941 | |||||||
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| Belligerents | |||||||
 United Kingdom Canada United States[a] Brazil[b]Other participants: |  Germany Italy[d] Vichy France[e] | ||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||
 Dudley PoundAndrew CunninghamMartin Dunbar-NasmithPercy NobleMax HortonFrederick BowhillPhilip de la FertéJohn SlessorLeonard W. MurrayRoyal E. IngersollJonas H. Ingram |  Erich RaederKarl DönitzGünther Lütjens †Otto SchniewindAlfred SaalwächterWilhelm MarschallTheodor KranckeMartin HarlinghausenAngelo ParonaRomolo Polacchini | ||||||
| Casualties and losses | |||||||
| 36,200 sailors killed 36,000 merchant seamen killed 3,500 merchant vessels 175 warships 741 RAF Coastal Command Aircraft lost in anti-submarine sorties | ~30,000 U-boat sailors killed 783 submarines lost 47 other warships lost ~500 killed17 submarines lost | ||||||
TheBattle of the Atlantic was the longest continuous military campaign inWorld War II to defeat the Germans in 1945. The BritishRoyal Navy repeated theblockade of Germany ofWorld War II, and Germany repeated its attempt to blockade Britain by usingU-boats. The German Navy also tried to use surface warships in theAtlantic Ocean, but lost them in various battles.
