Artificial intelligence is a system's ability to understand externaldata, to learn from that data, and to use what it has learned to achieve specific goals ortasks throughadaptation.[4]
John McCarthy came up with the name, "artificial intelligence" in 1956.Intelligence allows anorganism to act in a meaningful way in its environment. It includes the ability to get sensory inputs, and to react to these.
AI research started with a conference atDartmouth College in 1956. It was a month-longbrainstorming session many people who like AI came to. At the conference, they wrote programs which were able to beat humans at checkers or solving word problems. TheDepartment of Defense started giving a lot of money to AI research, and labs were created all over the world.
In a paper on AI, mathematicianJames Lighthill wrote "no aspect of the discipline has so far seen discoveries generated the huge influence that was previously anticipated In no part of the field have the discoveries made so far produced the major impact that was then promised.". The governments of the US and UK decided to spend money on other projects which caused little new research to be done. This was known as an "AI winter."[7]
In the 90s and early 2000s, AI became important again indata mining and medical diagnosis. This was possible because of faster computers and focusing on solving more specific problems.
Deep Blue, a chess computer that became famous (1997)
The idea is perhaps much older.Julien Offray de La Mettrie (1709-1751) was amaterialist thinker of theEnlightenment. In his work of 1748, L'Homme Machine, he had the idea that both matter and life organized themselves.[8] He is seen as one of the precursors of Darwin's theory ofevolution.[9] Today, one field of artificial intelligence, calledstrong artificial intelligence wants to build a machine that can think like a person.[10] However,weak artificial intelligence is about building a system that can support a human. One of the key problems is to make systems that can modelwikt:uncertainity. Most of the time, this is done withprobability theory andstatistics.
Someday, AI researchers hope to create computer programs that can learn, solve problems, and think logically. A great intelligent machine is flexible and perceives what is around it. It would use what it learns to make its chance of success at some goal better. Researchers hope to make a “Artificial general intelligence” which can solve many problems instead of focusing on just one. Researchers are also trying to make creative and emotional AI which could create art.[11][12]
Finance: Banks use AI to find fraud and make trading decisions.
Customer service: Many companies use AIchatbots to answer customer questions and provide support.
Personal assistants: AI assistants likeSiri andAlexa help people manage their daily tasks.
Entertainment: AI is used in video games to create smart, responsive characters and stories that change in fun ways based on what the player does. AI is used to create videos now-a-days by using different models likeSora.
Faster computers, deep learning, and more data have made AI popular throughout the world. AI has been successful with decoding human speech, playing games (like chess and Go), self-driving cars, and understanding complex data. AI and machine learning technology is used in applications including: search engines, recommendation systems, virtual assistants, autonomous vehicles, automatic language translation, facial recognition, image labeling, advertising, and driving internet traffic.
In 2025,a municipality in Norway made a report in regard to permanently closing down (some) schools; The report used ghost source (or fictitious sources); Those sources were claimed to be the works of two (named) professors; The municipality admitted that the report was made [partly] by A.I.; The process of closing down schools, has stopped (as of March).[14] An official that was involved, resigned (or left her job) one month later.[15] (SeeHallucination, artificial intelligence)
Agentic A.I. "is anautonomous AI system that can actindependently to [finish or] achieve pre-determined goals", according to media.[16]A.I. agents "are small,specialised pieces of [computer programs or]software that can make decisions and
Adecision problem has only two possible outputs,yes orno (or alternately 1 or 0) on any input.. Related page,Algorithm
[work or] operatecooperatively or independently" to [... reach goals that are called] system objectives", according to media.[17](Adecision, in adecision problem within computer science, "[is supposed to give or] requires a yes or no answer", according to media.)[18]
Researchers didn’t know how difficult several issues were. They still couldn’t offer computers things like emotions or common sense.[21] So far, most AI programs only do what computers can do well like searching databases or doing calculations.[22] AI is not able to sense and understand what is happening around itself because of problems with what computers can do.[23] Computers can do some things like learning and problem solving, but not in the same way as people do.
↑Russell, Stuart J. & Norvig, Peter 2003.Artificial intelligence: a modern approach. 2nd ed, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice Hall.ISBN0-13-790395-2
↑Salam, M., Farooq, M.S., Ikram, A., Shahzad, M., Ali, A., Jaafar, N., 2025. Revised Artificial Intelligence Device Use Acceptance (RAIDUA) Model: Exploring Privacy Concerns for Socially Responsible AI Deployment and Ethical AI Leadership. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Insights 0, 1–23.https://doi.org/10.1108/JHTI-02-2025-0322
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