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April 1

From Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This article is about things that happened on the day April 1st. For April Fools' Day, seeApril Fools' Day.

2025 Calendar

April 1 is the 91st day of the year (92nd inleap years) in theGregorian calendar. There are 274 days remaining until the end of the year.

Events

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Up to 1900

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286 –Roman Emperor Diocletian makes his generalMaximian co–emperor.
325 –Emperor Cheng of Jin, at the age of 4 years, becomesEmperor of the EasternJin Dynasty inChina, succeeding his father,Emperor Ming of Jin.
527 –Byzantine Empire:Emperor Justin I names his nephewJustinian I as co–ruler.
1318 –Scotland takes control ofBerwick-upon-Tweed fromEngland.
1545 – TheBolivian city ofPotosi is founded after the discovery of majorsilver deposits in the area.
1605 –Alessandro Ottaviano de Medici is electedPope, and becomesPope Leo XI.
1789 –Frederick Muhlenberg is elected as the firstSpeaker of the United States House of Representatives.
1790 –William Herschel discovers thebarred spiral galaxy NGC 3079.
1814 – The firstgas lighting is used inLondon's streets.
1826 –Samuel Morey patents theinternal combustion engine.
1865 –American Civil War:Battle of Five Forks.
1867 –Singapore becomes a BritishCrown colony.
1873 – TheRMSAtlantic sinks nearNova Scotia, killing 545 people.
1887 –Bombay'sFire Brigade is founded.
1888 – TheDutch football teamSparta Rotterdam is founded.
1891 – The painterPaul Gauguin leavesMarseille forTahiti.
1891 – TheWrigley Company is founded inChicago.
1893 – The rank ofChief Petty Officer in theUnited States Navy is created.
1893 –Germany officially adopts "Central European Time", one hour ahead ofGreenwich Mean Time.
1897 – TheJapanese city ofNagano is founded.
1899 –Germany takes of control of present–dayPapua New Guinea, calling it German New Guinea.

1901 – 2000

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1908 – Territorial Force, which is later renamed theTerritorial Army, is as a volunteer reserve component of the BritishArmy.
1918 – TheRoyal Air Force is founded.
1919 – TheBauhaus school is founded inGermany by thearchitect Walter Gropius.
1921 –Adrienne Bolland becomes the firstwoman to fly solo across theAndes, fromMendoza inArgentina toSantiago,Chile.
1924 – TheRoyal Canadian Air Force is formed.
1924 –Adolf Hitler is sent to five years inprison for his part in theBeer Hall Putsch, he only spends nine months there, writingMein Kampf.
1933 –England cricketer Wally Hammond sets a record for the highest individualtest innings of 336 againstNew Zealand.
1935 –India'scentral bank, theReserve Bank of India, is founded.
1936 –Orissa becomes astate of India.
1937 –Aden becomes a BritishCrown colony.
1939 – TheSpanish Civil War ends, as the lastRepublicans surrender.
1941 –Fântâna Albă massacre: Between 200 and 2,000Romanian civilians are killed bySoviet Border Troops.
1944 –World War II:Navigation errors lead to a mistakenUnited States air raid onSchaffhausen,Switzerland.
1945 –World War II: As part ofOperation Iceberg, Americansoldiers land onOkinawa.
1946 – TheMalayan Union is formed.
1946 – Anearthquake inAlaska leads to atsunami which destroys the town ofHilo,Hawaii.
1948 – TheFaroe Islands gainautonomy fromDenmark.
1949 – TheIrish Free State becomes theRepublic of Ireland.
1949 –Chinese Civil War: TheChinese Communist Party holds successful talks with theKuomintang.
1949 –Canada'sgovernment endsJapanese internment after seven years.
1954 – American PresidentDwight D. Eisenhower announces the creation of theUnited States Air Force Academy inColorado.
1957 – TheBBC current affairs programmePanorama plays anApril Fools' Day joke, about aspaghetti harvest inSwitzerland.
1960 – The firstDr. Martens boots go on sale.
1967 – TheUnited States Department of Transportation begins its operations.
1973 –Project Tiger, atiger conservation project, is introduced inIndia.
1974 –Metropolitan andNon-Metropolitan counties are created in theUnited Kingdom.
1976 –Apple Inc. is founded.
1979 – TheIslamic Republic ofIran is founded.
1989 –British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher introduces theCommunity Charge (poll tax) inScotland.
1992 – Start of thewar in present–dayBosnia and Herzegovina.
1997 –Comet Hale-Bopp is seen passingperihelion.
1999 –Nunavut becomes aterritory of Canada, after being part of theNorthwest Territories.
2000 – In theUnited Kingdom the wartime coding machine, used to crack theEnigma code, is stolen. It is found the followingOctober.

From 2001

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2001 –Slobodan Milosevic isarrested, to be placed ontrial forwar crimes.
2001 –Same-sex marriage is legalised in theNetherlands, the first country to do so.
2002 – Neweuthanasia laws come into force in theNetherlands.
2004 –Google announces the creation ofGmail to the public.
2006 – TheSerious Organised Crime Agency is created in theUnited Kingdom.
2009 –Albania andCroatia joinNATO.
2009 –Protests occur at theG-20 summit inLondon.
2009 – A Super Pumahelicopter crashes in theNorth Sea off the east coast ofScotland, killing all 18 people on board.
2012 –Aung San Suu Kyi wins a seat in theBurmese parliament.
2017 – Alandslide inMocoa,Colombia, kills at least 254 people.
2018 –Mokgweetsi Masisi becomesPresident of Botswana.
2018 –Carlos Alvarado Quesada is electedPresident of Costa Rica, defeatingFabricio Alvarado Muñoz.
2018 – ThePeople's Republic of China'sTiangong-1 space station breaks up on re–entry toEarth'satmosphere and lands in the SouthernPacific Ocean nearTahiti.
2019 – It is revealed that "Reiwa" will be the name ofJapan's new imperial era when EmperorAkihito abdicates at the end of the month in favour of his sonNaruhito.

Births

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Up to 1800

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1220 –Emperor Go-Saga ofJapan (d.1272)
1282 –Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor (d.1347)
1578 –William Harvey,English physician (d.1657)
1624 –Maria Miloslavskaya, Empress ofRussia (d.1669)
1629 –Jean-Henri d'Anglebert, Frenchharpsichordist andorganist (d.1691)
1640 –Georg Mohr, Danishmathematician (d.1697)
1647 –John Wilmot, 2nd Earl of Rochester, Englishpoet (d.1680)
1697 –Antoine François Prévost, French writer andnovelist (d.1763)
1730 –Salomon Gessner, Swisspoet andartist (d.1788)
1732 –Joseph Haydn, Austriancomposer (d.1809)
1753 –Joseph de Maistre, Frenchphilosopher,writer,lawyer anddiplomat (d.1821)
1755 –Jean Anthelme Brillat-Savarin, French writer,philosopher andgastronome (d.1826)
1757 –Gustaf Mauritz Armfelt, Swedish–Finnishstatesman,military anddiplomat (d.1814)
1776 –Sophie Germain, Frenchmathematician (d.1831)

1801 – 1900

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1809 –Nikolai Gogol, Russian writer (d.1852)
1815 –Otto von Bismarck, Germanpolitician,Chancellor of Germany (d.1898)
1815 –Edward Clark, 8thGovernor ofTexas (d.1880)
1815 –Henry B. Anthony, 21stGovernor of Rhode Island (d.1884)
1823 –Simon Bolivar Buckner, 30thGovernor of Kentucky (d.1891)
1825 –Archduchess Auguste Ferdinande of Austria (d.1864)
1834 –James Fisk,entrepreneur (d.1872)
1837 –Jorge Isaacs,Colombian writer (d.1895)
1848 –Commodore Nutt, American entertainer (d.1881)
1851 –Bernhard III, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen (d.1928)
1865 –Richard Adolf Zsigmondy, Austrian–bornchemist,Nobel Prize laureate (d.1929)
1866 –Ferruccio Busoni, Italianpianist andcomposer (d.1924)
1873 –Sergei Rachmaninoff, Russiancomposer,pianist, andconductor (d.1943)
1873 –Bibb Graves,Governor of Alabama (d.1942)
1874 –Prince Karl of Bavaria (d.1927)
1875 –Edgar Wallace, English writer (d.1932)
1883 –Lon Chaney, Sr., American actor (d.1930)
1885 –Clementine Churchill, Baroness Spencer-Churchill, wife ofWinston Churchill (d.1977)
1885 –Wallace Beery, American actor (d.1949)
1888 –Jean Alavoine, French cyclist (d.1943)
1889 –K. B. Hedgewar, Indianphysician and advocate ofHindu nationalism (d.1940)
1895 –Alexander Aitken, New Zealandmathematician (d.1967)
1895 –Alberta Hunter, American singer (d.1984)
1899 –Gustavs Celmins, politician (d.1968)

1901 – 1925

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1901 –Whittaker Chambers, American writer andAlger Hiss case witness (d.1961)
1901 –William Anderson, Englishice hockey player (d.1983)
1902 –Maria Polydouri, Greekpoet (d.1930)
1905 –Gaston Eyskens,Prime Minister of Belgium (d.1988)
1905 –Paul Hasluck, 17thGovernor-General of Australia (d.1993)
1906 –Alexander Sergeyevich Yakovlev, Russian engineer and airplane designer (d.1989)
1907 –Kyozan Joshu Sasaki, Japanese–American Rinzai Zen teacher andcentenarian (d.2014)
1908 –Abraham Maslow, American psychologist (d.1970)
1911 –Fauja Singh, Indian–Britishmarathon runner
1915 –Otto Wilhelm Fischer, Austrian actor (d.2004)
1917 –Dinu Lipatti, Romanianpianist (d.1950)
1917 –Sydney Newman, Canadiantelevision producer (d.1997)
1919 –Joseph Murray, Americansurgeon andNobel Prize winner (d.2012)
1920 –Toshiro Mifune, Japanese actor (d.1997)
1920 –Harry Lewis, Americanactor (d.2013)
1921 –Arthur "Guitar Boogie" Smith, Americancomposer andproducer (d.2014)
1922 –William Manchester, writer (d.2004)
1922 –Alan Perlis, Americancomputer scientist (d.1990)
1923 –Don Butterfield, Americantuba player (d.2006)
1923 –Leora Dana, American actress (d.1983)
1924 –Brendan Byrne, formerGovernor of New Jersey (d.2018)

1926 – 1950

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1926 –Charles Bressler, Americantenor
1926 –Anne McCaffrey, American writer (d.2011)
1927 –Ferenc Puskas, Hungarianfootballer (d.2006)
1927 –Walter Bahr, Americansoccer player and coach (d.2018)
1928 –Kiyonori Kikutake, Japanesearchitect (d.2011)
1929 –Jane Powell, American dancer, actress and singer
1929 –Jonathan Haze, American actor
1929 –Milan Kundera, Czech writer
1929 –Bo Schembechler, American football coach (d.2006)
1930 –Grace Lee Whitney, American actress (d.2015)
1931 –Rolf Hochhuth, German writer
1932 –Gordon Jump, American television actor (d.2003)
1932 –Debbie Reynolds, American actress and singer (d.2016)
1933 –Claude Cohen-Tannoudji, Frenchphysicist
1934 –Rod Kanehl,Major League Baseball player (d.2004)
1934 –Jim Ed Brown, Americancountry music singer (d.2015)
1934 –Don Hastings, American actor
1935 –Larry McDonald, American politician (d.1983)
1936 –Tarun Gogoi, Indian politician
1936 –Jean-Pascal Delamuraz, Swiss politician (d.1998)
1936 –Dhiraj Choudhury, Indian painter (d.2018)
1938 –Akihito Kondo, Japanesebaseball player (d.2019)
1939 –Rudolph Isley, American singer (The Isley Brothers)
1939 –Ali MacGraw, American actress
1939 –Phil Niekro, American baseballpitcher
1939 –Vitali Davydov, Soviet–Russianice hockey player
1940 –Wangari Maathai,Kenyan political and environmentalactivist,Nobel Peace Prize winner (d.2011)
1941 –David Childs, Americanarchitect
1942 –Max Keeping, Canadian broadcaster (d.2015)
1942 –Samuel R. Delany,science fiction writer
1942 –Philip Margo, American singer (The Tokens)
1942 –Annie Nightingale, Britishdisc jockey
1943 –Mario Botta, Swissarchitect
1943 –Dafydd Wigley,Welsh academic and politician, former leader ofPlaid Cymru
1944 –Rusty Staub, Americanbaseball player (d.2018)
1946 –Ronnie Lane, British musician (The Small Faces,The Faces) (d.1997)
1946 –Arrigo Sacchi, Italian football manager
1946 –Nikitas Kaklamanis, 77thMayor ofAthens
1947 –Alain Connes, Frenchmathematician
1947 –Ingrid Steeger, German actress
1947 –Norm Van Lier, Americanbasketball player (d.2009)
1948 –J. J. Williams, Welshrugby player
1948 –Jimmy Cliff, Jamaican musician
1949 –Gil Scott-Heron, American musician and composer (d.2011)
1949 –Paul Manafort, American lobbyist, lawyer and political consultant
1950 –Samuel Alito, Americanjurist
1950 –Paolo Conti, Italianfootballer

1951 – 1975

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1951 –Brendan Grace, Irish actor, comedian and singer (d.2019)
1952 –Annette O'Toole, American actress
1952 –Bernard Stiegler, Frenchphilosopher
1952 –Abdelbaset al-Megrahi,Libyan intelligence officer (d.2012)
1953 –Barry Sonnenfeld, American producer and director
1953 –Alberto Zaccheroni, Italianfootballer and coach
1954 –Giancarlo Antognoni, Italianfootballer
1954 –Jeff Porcaro, American musician (Toto) (d.1992)
1955 –Humayun Akhtar Khan, Pakistanistatesman
1955 –Ronnie Burk, artist andAIDS activist (d.2003)
1955 –Roberto Pruzzo, Italianfootballer
1956 –Libby Riddles, Americandogsled racer
1957 –David Gower, Englishcricketer
1957 –Denise Nickerson, American actress (d.2019)
1958 –Anton Innauer, Austrianski jumper
1958 –Tita, Brazilian footballer
1959 –Christian Thielemann, German conductor
1960 –Reijo Ruotsalainen, Finnishice hockey player
1961 –Susan Boyle, Scottish singer
1962 –Chris Grayling, English politician
1962 –Phillip Schofield, Englishtelevision presenter
1965 –Jane Adams, American actress
1965 –Simona Ventura, Italianjournalist andtelevision presenter
1965 –Mark Jackson, American basketball player
1966 –Chris Evans, Englishtelevision presenter
1968 –Mike Baird, Australian politician, 44thPremier of New South Wales
1968 –Ingrid Klimke, Germanequestrian
1968 –Alexander Stubb, formerPrime Minister of Finland
1969 –Dean Windass, Englishfootballer and coach
1970 –Sung Hi Lee, model
1971 –Method Man, American musician
1971 –Karen Dunbar, Scottish comedienne
1972 –Darren McCarty, Canadianice hockey player
1972 –Jesse Tobias, American musician
1972 –Allen and Albert Hughes, American movie directors
1973 –Kris Marshall, English actor
1973 –Rachel Maddow, American broadcaster
1975 –Washington Stecanela Cerqueira, Brazilianfootballer

From 1976

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1976 –Gábor Király, Hungarian footballer
1976 –David Oyelowo, British actor
1976 –Clarence Seedorf, Dutch footballer
1978 –Antonio de Nigris, Mexican footballer (d.2009)
1978 –Mirka Federer, Swiss tennis player
1979 –Ivano Balic, Croatianhandball player
1980 –Randy Orton, Americanprofessional wrestler
1981 –Hannah Spearritt, British actress and singer (S Club 7)
1982 –Róbert Vittek, Slovakian footballer
1983 –Sean Taylor,American football player (d.2007)
1983 –Sergey Lazarev, Russiansinger
1983 –Amr Zaki, Egyptian footballer
1983 –Franck Ribéry, French footballer
1983 –Olafur Ingi Skulason,Icelandic footballer
1984 –Craig Samson, Scottishfootballer
1985 –Beth Tweddle, Britishgymnast
1986 –Haminu Draman, Ghanaian footballer
1986 –Ireen Wüst, Dutch speed skater
1986 –Hillary Scott, American singer (Lady Antebellum)
1987 –Ding Junhui, Chinesesnooker player
1987 –Li Ting, Chinese diver
1987 –Vitorino Antunes, Portuguesefootballer
1987 –Andrew Considine, Scottishfootballer
1987 –José Ortigoza, Paraguayanfootballer
1988 –Fatmire Bajramaj, German footballer
1988 –Robin Lopez, Americanbasketball player
1988 –Brook Lopez, Americanbasketball player
1989 –David N'Gog, French footballer
1990 –Justin Hamilton, Americanbasketball player
1993 –Keito Okamoto, Japanese singer
1994 –Ella Eyre, Englishsinger-songwriter
1995 –Logan Paul, Americansocial media entertainer and actor
1997 –Asa Butterfield, English actor

Deaths

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Up to 1900

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1085 –Emperor Shenzhong ofChina (b.1048)
1204 –Eleanor of Aquitaine (b.1122)
1205 –Amalric II of Jerusalem (b.1145)
1340 –Gerhard III of Holstein (b.1292)
1580 –Alonso Mudarra, Spanishguitarist andcomposer (b.1510)
1621 –Cristofori Allori, Italian painter (b.1577)
1637 –Niwa Nagashige, Japanesewarlord (b.1571)
1839 –Benjamin Pierce, American politician (b.1757)
1865 –Giuditta Pasta, Italiansoprano (b.1797)
1868 –Rasoherina, Queen ofMadagascar (b.1814)
1872 –Frederick Denison Maurice, Englishtheologian and academic (b.1805)
1890 –Alexander F. Mozhayskiy, Russianaviation pioneer (b.1825)
1890 –David Wilber, American politician (b.1820)
1897 –Jandamarra, Indigenous–Australianresistance leader (b.1873)

1901 – 2000

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1914 –Rube Waddell, Americanbaseball player (b.1826)
1917 –Scott Joplin, American musician and composer (b.1868)
1922 – EmperorKarl I of Austria (b.1887)
1922 –Hermann Rorschach, Swisspsychologist (b.1884)
1930 –Cosima Wagner, daughter ofFranz Liszt and widow ofRichard Wagner (b.1837)
1946 –Noah Beery, Sr., American actor (b.1882)
1947 – KingGeorge II of Greece (b.1890)
1950 –Recep Peker, 6thPrime Minister of Turkey (b.1889)
1960 –Abdul Rahman of Negeri Sembilan,King of Malaysia (b.1895)
1962 –Jussi Kekkonen,Finnish major (b.1910)
1966 –Flann O'Brien, Irishhumorist (b.1911)
1967 –Dang Van Ngu, Vietnamese doctor and intellectual (b.1910)
1968 –Lev Davidovich Landau, Russian physicist (b.1908)
1976 –Max Ernst, German painter (b.1891)
1984 –Marvin Gaye, American singer (b.1939)
1990 –Carlos Peucelle, Argentine footballer (b.1908)
1991 –Martha Graham, American choreographer (b.1894)
1991 –Jaime Guzman,Chilean politician (b.1946)
1991 –Detlev Rohwedder, German manager and politician (b.1932)
1992 –Michael Havers, Baron Havers, Englishlawyer andpolitician (b.1923)
1992 –Nigel Preston, English musician (b.1959)
1993 –Infante Juan, Count of Barcelona, Spanish royal (b.1913)
1994 –Robert Doisneau, Frenchphotographer (b.1912)
1997 –Makar Honcharenko, Ukrainianfootballer and manager (b.1912)
1998 –Gene Evans, American actor (b.1922)

From 2001

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2002 –Simo Hayha,Finnish sniper (b.1905)
2004 –Carrie Snodgress, American actress (b.1946)
2005 –Harald Juhnke, German entertainer (b.1929)
2006 –In Tam,Prime Minister of Cambodia (b.1916)
2007 –Hans Filbinger, German politician (b.1913)
2009 –Arne Andersson, Swedishmiddle-distance runner (b.1917)
2009 –Umberto Betti, Italiancardinal (b.1922)
2010 –John Forsythe, American actor (b.1918)
2010 –Ed Roberts, Americancomputer engineer (b.1941)
2010 –Tzannis Tzannetakis,Prime Minister of Greece (b.1927)
2011 –Varkey Vithayathil, Indiancardinal (b.1927)
2012 –Giorgio Chinaglia, Italianfootballer (b.1947)
2012 –Leila Denmark, Americanpediatrician andsupercentenarian (b.1898)
2012 –Miguel de la Madrid, 52ndPresident of Mexico (b.1934)
2013 –Moses Blah,President of Liberia (b.1947)
2014 –Jacques Le Goff, Frenchhistorian (b.1924)
2014 –Merimeri Penfold, New Zealand academic (b.1920)
2014 –Anker Buch, Danishviolinist (b.1940)
2014 –Carlos Oneto,Peruvian actor and comic (b.1929)
2014 –Bill Mitchell, Canadianice hockey player (b.1930)
2014 –King Fleming, Americanjazz pianist (b.1922)
2015 –Misao Okawa, Japanesesupercentenarian (b.1898)
2015 –Cynthia Lennon, first wife ofJohn Lennon and mother ofJulian Lennon (b.1939)
2015 –Eddie LeBaron,American football player (b.1930)
2015 –Nicolae Rainea, Romanian football referee (b.1933)
2015 –John Paul Hammerschmidt, American politician (b.1922)
2016 –Pratyusha Banerjee, Indianactress (b.1991)
2016 –Emil Keres, Hungarian actor (b.1925)
2017 –Gary Austin, American theatre writer and director (b.1941)
2017 –Lonnie Brooks, Americanblues guitarist and singer (b.1933)
2017 –Gösta Ekman, Swedish actor (b.1939)
2017 –Darcus Howe, Trinidadian–born British editor and civil rights activist (b.1943)
2017 –Antonio Lamela, Spanisharchitect (b.1926)
2017 –Yevgeny Yevtushenko, Russianpoet (b.1932)
2017 –Burton Watson, American translator (b.1925)
2018 –Bob Beattie, Americanskiing coach andsports commentator (b.1933)
2018 –Steven Bochco, Americantelevision producer (b.1943)
2018 –Evert Kroon,Dutch water polo player (b.1946)
2018 –Avichai Rontzki, Israeli general (b.1951)
2018 –Michel Sénéchal, Frenchtenor (b.1927)
2018 –Efraín Ríos Montt,President of Guatemala (b.1926)
2019 –Dimitar Dobrev, Bulgarianwrestler (b.1931)
2019 –Francisco Massiani, Venezuelan writer and painter (b.1944)
2019 –Vonda N. McIntyre, Americanscience fiction author (b.1948)
2019 –Kit Napier, Scottishfootballer (b.1943)
2019 –Rafael Sánchez Ferlosio, Spanish writer (b.1927)
2019 –Ruth-Margret Pütz, Germansoprano (b.1930)

Observances

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April Fools' Day
Islamic Republic Day inIran
Orissa Day inOrissa,India
First day ofschool inJapan

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