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Abdus Salam

From Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Abdus Salam in 1987

Mohammad Abdusalam[1] (29 January 1926; Santokdas, SahiwalPunjab – 21 November 1996;Oxford,England) was aPakistanitheoretical physicist. He was awarded the 1979Nobel Prize in Physics.[2]

He was initially educated at theGovernment College Lahore and theUniversity of the Punjab,Lahore. For a time also worked at the Government College as a lecturer, adding considerably to its intellectual life. Later he went toCambridge University,England for PhD studies. In 1951 he returned toPakistan, but he found that he was cut off from the rest of the scientific world there. In 1953, he again went to England where he started to teach and research, having interest in theGrand Unified Theory.

He believed that if the Creator of the universe was one then the origin of all the forces had to be single also. He then set off to unify theelectromagnetic and theweak nuclear force.According to another scientist,Peter Higgs, a field existed i.e. the Higgs field. Salam successfully showed that weak nuclear forces are not really different from electromagnetic forces, and two could inter-convert. Salam provided a theory that shows the unification of two fundamental forces of nature, weak nuclear forces and the electromagnetic forces, one into another.[3]

References

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  1. Abdus Salam (Urdu:محمد عبد السلام)
  2. NobelPrize.org,"Abdus Salam"; retrieved 2012-9-19.
  3. Riazuddin 2006. Fifty years of parity violation and Salam’s contribution. NCP 5th Particle Physics Workship: Prof. Abdus Salam – 10th Death Anniversary (Islamabad, Pakistan: National Center for Physics): 1–32. Retrieved 2010.Archived 2016-03-03 at theWayback Machine

Other websites

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Winners of theNobel Prize inPhysics
1901–1925

Röntgen (1901) ·Lorentz /Zeeman (1902) ·Becquerel /P. Curie /M. Curie (1903) ·Rayleigh (1904) ·Lenard (1905) ·Thomson (1906) ·Michelson (1907) ·Lippmann (1908) ·Marconi /Braun (1909) ·van der Waals (1910) ·Wien (1911) ·Dalén (1912) ·Kamerlingh Onnes (1913) ·Laue (1914) ·W. L. Bragg /W. H. Bragg (1915) ·Barkla (1917) ·Planck (1918) ·Stark (1919) ·Guillaume (1920) ·Einstein (1921) ·N. Bohr (1922) ·Millikan (1923) ·M. Siegbahn (1924) ·Franck /Hertz (1925)

1926–1950

Perrin (1926) ·Compton /C. Wilson (1927) ·O. Richardson (1928) ·De Broglie (1929) ·Raman (1930) ·Heisenberg (1932) ·Schrödinger /Dirac (1933) ·Chadwick (1935) ·Hess /C. D. Anderson (1936) ·Davisson /Thomson (1937) ·Fermi (1938) ·Lawrence (1939) ·Stern (1943) ·Rabi (1944) ·Pauli (1945) ·Bridgman (1946) ·Appleton (1947) ·Blackett (1948) ·Yukawa (1949) ·Powell (1950)

1951–1975

Cockcroft /Walton (1951) ·Bloch /Purcell (1952) ·Zernike (1953) ·Born /Bothe (1954) ·Lamb /Kusch (1955) ·Shockley /Bardeen /Brattain (1956) ·Yang /T. D. Lee (1957) ·Cherenkov /Frank /Tamm (1958) ·Segrè /Chamberlain (1959) ·Glaser (1960) ·Hofstadter /Mössbauer (1961) ·Landau (1962) ·Wigner /Goeppert-Mayer /Jensen (1963) ·Townes /Basov /Prokhorov (1964) ·Tomonaga /Schwinger /Feynman (1965) ·Kastler (1966) ·Bethe (1967) ·Alvarez (1968) ·Gell-Mann (1969) ·Alfvén /Néel (1970) ·Gabor (1971) ·Bardeen /Cooper /Schrieffer (1972) ·Esaki /Giaever /Josephson (1973) ·Ryle /Hewish (1974) ·A. Bohr /Mottelson /Rainwater (1975)

1976–2000

Richter /Ting (1976) ·P. W. Anderson /Mott /Van Vleck (1977) ·Kapitsa /Penzias /R. Wilson (1978) ·Glashow /Salam /Weinberg (1979) ·Cronin /Fitch (1980) ·Bloembergen /Schawlow /K. Siegbahn (1981) ·K. Wilson (1982) ·Chandrasekhar /Fowler (1983) ·Rubbia /van der Meer (1984) ·von Klitzing (1985) ·Ruska /Binnig /Rohrer (1986) ·Bednorz /Müller (1987) ·Lederman /Schwartz /Steinberger (1988) ·Ramsey /Dehmelt /Paul (1989) ·Friedman /Kendall /R. Taylor (1990) ·de Gennes (1991) ·Charpak (1992) ·Hulse /J. Taylor (1993) ·Brockhouse /Shull (1994) ·Perl /Reines (1995) ·D. Lee /Osheroff /R. Richardson (1996) ·Chu /Cohen-Tannoudji /Phillips (1997) ·Laughlin /Störmer /Tsui (1998) ·'t Hooft /Veltman (1999) ·Alferov /Kroemer /Kilby (2000)

2001–present

Cornell /Ketterle /Wieman (2001) ·Davis /Koshiba /Giacconi (2002) ·Abrikosov /Ginzburg /Leggett (2003) ·Gross /Politzer /Wilczek (2004) ·Glauber /Hall /Hänsch (2005) ·Mather /Smoot (2006) ·Fert /Grünberg (2007) ·Nambu /Kobayashi /Maskawa (2008) ·Kao /Boyle /Smith (2009) ·Geim /Novoselov (2010) ·Perlmutter /Riess /Schmidt (2011) ·Wineland /Haroche (2012) ·Englert /Higgs (2013) ·Akasaki /Amano /Nakamura (2014) ·Kajita /McDonald (2015) ·Thouless /Haldane /Kosterlitz (2016) ·Weiss /Barish /Thorne (2017) ·Ashkin /Mourou /Strickland (2018) ·Mayor /Peebles /Queloz (2019) ·Penrose /Genzel /Ghez (2020) ·Manabe /Hasselmann /Parisi (2021) ·Aspect /Clauser /Zeilinger (2022) ·Agostini /Krausz /L'Huillier (2023) ·Hinton /Hopfield (2024) ·Clarke /Devoret /Martinis (2025)


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