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2008

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2008 by topic
Arts, history, and science
Archaeology Architecture Art Literature Poetry Music Science
Countries

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v t e

2008 in othercalendars
Gregorian calendar	2008 MMVIII
Ab urbe condita	2761
Armenian calendar	1457 ԹՎ ՌՆԾԷ
Assyrian calendar	6758
Bahá'í calendar	164–165
Balinese saka calendar	1929–1930
Bengali calendar	1415
Berber calendar	2958
British Regnal year	56 Eliz. 2 – 57 Eliz. 2
Buddhist calendar	2552
Burmese calendar	1370
Byzantine calendar	7516–7517
Chinese calendar	丁亥年(Fire Pig) 4704 or 4644 — to — 戊子年(Earth Rat) 4705 or 4645
Coptic calendar	1724–1725
Discordian calendar	3174
Ethiopian calendar	2000–2001
Hebrew calendar	5768–5769
Hindu calendars
-Vikram Samvat	2064–2065
-Shaka Samvat	1929–1930
-Kali Yuga	5108–5109
Holocene calendar	12008
Igbo calendar	1008–1009
Iranian calendar	1386–1387
Islamic calendar	1428–1430
Japanese calendar	Heisei 20 (平成２０年)
Javanese calendar	1940–1941
Juche calendar	97
Julian calendar	Gregorian minus 13 days
Korean calendar	4341
Minguo calendar	ROC 97 民國97年
Nanakshahi calendar	540
Thai solar calendar	2551
Tibetan calendar	མེ་མོ་ཕག་ལོ་ (female Fire-Boar) 2134 or 1753 or 981 — to — ས་ཕོ་བྱི་བ་ལོ་ (male Earth-Rat) 2135 or 1754 or 982
Unix time	1199145600 – 1230767999

Wikimedia Commons has media related to2008.

2008 (MMVIII) was aleap year starting on Tuesday in theGregorian calendar.

Events

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January

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January 1 –Cyprus andMalta adopt theeuro.^[1]^[2]
January 1 – A suicide bombing occurs inZayouna,Baghdad, killing over 25 people during a funeral over the deaths from the preceding attack.^[3]
January 2 – Theprice of petroleum hits$100 per barrel for the first time.
January 3 – A car bomb detonates, killing at least 4 and injuring 68, inDiyarbakır,Turkey. Police blameKurdish rebels.^[4]
January 8 – An attempted assassination ofMaldivian presidentMaumoon Abdul Gayoom is thwarted after aBoy Scout grabs the attacker's knife. The Boy Scout is injured, but after a scuffle police arrest the attacker.^[5]
January 12 – AMacedonian ArmyMil Mi-17 helicoptercrashes in thick fog southeast ofSkopje, killing all 11 military personnel on board.^[6]
January 14 – At 19:04:39UTC, theMESSENGER space probe is at its closest approach during its first flyby of the planetMercury.^[7]
January 15 – TheFederal Court of Australia orders a Japanese whaling company to stop research whaling within theirExclusive Economic Zone.^[8]
January 21 – Stock markets around the worldplunge amid growing fears of a U.S.recession, fueled by the 2007subprime mortgage crisis.^[9]
January 22 –Russia stages the largest naval exercise since the fall of theSoviet Union in theBay of Biscay. TheRussian aircraft carrier Admiral Kuznetsov, along with 11 support vessels and 47 long-range bomber aircraft, practises strike tactics off the coast ofFrance andSpain, and test-launches nuclear-capable missiles in foreign waters.^[10]
January 23 –Polish Air Force EADS CASA C-295 crashes on approach to the 12th Air Base nearMirosławiec. All 20 personnel on board die.^[11]
January 23 – Thousands of Palestinians cross intoEgypt, as the border wall with Gaza in Rafah is blown up bymilitants.^[12]
January 24 – A peace deal ends theKivu war in theDemocratic Republic of the Congo.^[13]
January 25 –China's worst snowstorm since1954 kills 133, delays traffic, and causes massive power outages in central and southern parts of the country.^[14]
January 29 –Iran's judiciary sentences to prison 54Bahá'í Faith followers for 'anti-regime propaganda'.^[15]^[16]

February

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February 2008
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4	5	6	7	8	9	10
11	12	13	14	15	16	17
18	19	20	21	22	23	24
25	26	27	28	29

February 2 – Rebelsattack the capital ofChad,N'Djamena.^[17]
February 4 –Iran opens its first space center and launches arocket into space.^[18]
February 4 – APalestinian suicide bomber kills 1 and wounds 13 in aDimona, Israel shopping center.^[19]
February 5 – U.S. stock market indices plunge more than 3% after areport shows signs of economic recession in the service sector. TheS&P 500 fall 3.2%, TheDow Jones Industrial Average 370 points.^[20]
February 5–6 –A tornado outbreak, the deadliest in 23 years, kills 58 in theSouthern United States.^[21]
February 7 –STS-122:Space Shuttle Atlantis launches to deliver the European-built Columbus science laboratory to theInternational Space Station.^[22]
February 10 – The2008 Namdaemun fire severely damagesNamdaemun, the firstNational Treasure of South Korea.^[23]
February 11 –President of East Timor José Ramos-Horta is seriously wounded in an attack on his home by rebel soldiers. Rebel leaderAlfredo Reinado is killed by Ramos-Horta's security guards during the attack.^[24]
February 12 –PDVSA, a state oil company inVenezuela, suspends sales ofcrude oil toExxonMobil, in response to a legal challenge by them.^[25]
February 12 –Bridgestone, under investigation for an alleged price-fixing cartel, uncovers improper payments of at least 150 millionJapanese yen to foreign governments and withdraws from the marine hose business.^[26]
February 13 – Prime MinisterKevin Rudd ofAustralia delivers a formal apology to theStolen Generations.^[27]
February 17 –Kosovo formallydeclares independence fromSerbia, with support from some countries but opposition from others.^[28]
February 18 – TheBritish government introduces emergency legislation temporarily tonationalize Northern Rock, the 5th largestmortgage bank in the UK, due to the bank's financial crisis.^[29]
February 18 –A general election is held inPakistan, delayed fromJanuary 8 due to riots in the wake of theassassination of Benazir Bhutto. Opposition parties, including Bhutto's, take more than half of the seats, whilePresident Pervez Musharraf's party suffers a huge defeat.^[30]
February 19 –Fidel Castro announces his resignation as President of Cuba, effective February 24.^[31]
February 20 – TheUnited States Navy destroys aspy satellite containing toxic fuel, by shooting it down with amissile launched from theUSS Lake Erie in thePacific Ocean.^[32]
February 20 – A totallunar eclipse crossesNorth andSouth America,Europe,Africa, andSouthwest Asia.^[33]
February 22 – Former building societyNorthern Rock is the first bank in Europe to be taken into state control, due to the U.S. subprime mortgage financial crisis.^[34]
February 22 – No survivors are found after a rescue helicopter discovers the wreckage ofSanta Bárbara Airlines Flight 518 just northeast ofMérida,Venezuela. The commercial plane had 46 people on board, including crew.^[35]
February 24 –Raúl Castro is unanimously elected asPresident of Cuba by theNational Assembly.^[36]
February 27 --Microsoft release operating systemWindows Server 2008 on worldwide

March

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March 2008
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24	25	26	27	28	29	30
31

European Jules Verne ATV docked the toInternational Space Station

March–April –Rising food and fuel prices trigger riots and unrest in theThird World.
March 1 – InGaza Strip, at least 52 Palestinians and 2 Israeli soldiers are killed in the most intense Israeli air strikes since 2005.^[37]
March 2 –2008 Andean diplomatic crisis:Venezuela andEcuador move troops to theColombian border, following a Colombian raid againstFARC guerrillas inside Ecuador's national territory, in which senior commanderRaúl Reyes is killed.^[38]^[39]
March 6 – EightIsraeli civiliansare killed and 9 wounded when aPalestinian attacker opens fire at aJewish seminary inJerusalem.^[40]
March 9 – The firstEuropean Space Agency Automated Transfer Vehicle, a cargo spacecraft for theInternational Space Station, launches fromGuiana Space Centre inFrench Guiana.^[41]
March 14 –Demonstrations byTibetan separatists turn violent as rioters target government andHan Chinese-owned buildings.
March 15 – A gun factory explosion inGërdec,Albania kills more than 30. Over the following week,Albania,Kosovo, and some surrounding countries supply and supportGërdec's population with food, blood, etc.
March 19 – Anexploding star halfway across the visibleuniverse becomes the farthest known object ever visible to the naked eye.^[42]
March 24 –Bhutan holds itsfirst-ever general elections.^[43]
March 25 – A 414 square kilometer (160 sq. mi.²) chunk ofAntarctica's Wilkins Ice Shelf disintegrates, leaving the entire shelf at risk.
March 25 –African Union andComoros forcesinvade the rebel-held island ofAnjouan.
March 29 –Presidential andparliamentary elections are held inZimbabwe.^[44]

April

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April 2008
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28	29	30

April 8 –Privy Council ofSark dismantles itsfeudal system to comply with theEuropean Convention on Human Rights.^[45] and the firstelections under the new law will be held in December 2008 and the new chamber will first convene in January 2009.^[46]^[47]^[48]
April 15 – AHewa Bora Airways DC-9 crashes into a residential area ofGoma,Democratic Republic of the Congo.
April 17 –Raila Odinga becomes the newPrime Minister of Kenya after the formation of acoalition government, ending thepolitical crisis inKenya.
April 22 – Surgeons at London'sMoorfields Eye Hospital perform the first operations usingbionic eyes, implanting them into 2 blind patients.
April 27 – TheTaliban attempts to assassinateAfghan PresidentHamid Karzai in a military parade inKabul.^[49]
April 28 –India sets a world record by sending 10satellites into orbit in a single launch.^[50]
April 28 –71 die in a train crash inShandong,China.^[51]

May

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May 2008
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5	6	7	8	9	10	11
12	13	14	15	16	17	18
19	20	21	22	23	24	25
26	27	28	29	30	31

Anearthquake inSichuan,China killed nearly 80,000 people

May 3 – Over 133,000 inBurma/Myanmar are killed byCyclone Nargis, the deadliestnatural disaster since theBoxing Day Tsunami in2004.
May 7 –Dmitry Medvedev takes office asPresident of Russia, replacingVladimir Putin.
May 8 – Start of armed clashes and fighting inLebanon.
May 11 –Burma/Myanmar holds aconstitutional referendum.
May 12 – Over 69,000 are killed in central south-westChina by theWenchuan quake, an earthquake measuring 7.9Moment magnitude scale. The epicenter is 90 kilometers (55 miles) west-northwest of the provincial capitalChengdu,Sichuan province.
May 13 – A series of bomb blasts kills at least 63 and injures 216 inJaipur,India.
May 14 – NASA announces the discovery ofSupernova remnant G1.9+0.3.
May 15 – An oil pipeline explosion in Ijegun,Nigeria kills 100.
May 23 – TheUnion of South American Nations, asupranational union,^[52] is created by a union between theAndean Community andMercosur.
May 23 – TheInternational Court of Justice awardsMiddle Rocks toMalaysia andPedra Branca toSingapore, ending a 29-yearterritorial dispute between the 2 countries.
May 25 –NASA's Phoenix spacecraft becomes the first to land on the northern polar region ofMars.^[53]
May 28 – TheFederal Democratic Republic of Nepal is established after theAssembly votes overwhelmingly in favor of abolishing the country's240-year-old monarchy.Girija Prasad Koirala becomes temporaryhead of state.
May 30 – TheConvention on Cluster Munitions is adopted in Dublin.^[54]

June

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June 2008
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2	3	4	5	6	7	8
9	10	11	12	13	14	15
16	17	18	19	20	21	22
23	24	25	26	27	28	29
30

June 1 – Afire atUniversal Studios Hollywood destroys 118,000 to 175,000 copies of master tapes.
June 2 – A car bombexplodes outside theDanish embassy inIslamabad,Pakistan, killing at least five.
June 8 – In theAkihabara area ofTokyo,Japan, a 25-year-old manstabs seven to death and wounds 10, before being arrested.
June 10 – Fire engulfsSudan Airways Flight 109 after it lands inKhartoum, killing 44.
June 11 – TheGamma-ray Large Area Space Telescope is launched.
June 11 –Canadian Prime MinisterStephen Harper apologizes to Canada'sFirst Nations for theCanadian residential school system.
June 12 –Ireland votes to reject theTreaty of Lisbon, in the onlyreferendum to be held by aEuropean Union member state on the treaty.
June 14 – A6.9 magnitude earthquake inIwate Prefecture,Japan, kills 12 and injures more than 400.
June 14 –September 14 –Expo 2008 is held inZaragoza,Spain, with the topic of"Water and sustainable development".
June 22 –Typhoon Fengshen hits thePhilippines and capsizes the ferryMV Princess of the Stars, leaving hundreds dead or missing.
June 27 – PresidentRobert Mugabe is reelected with 85.5% of the vote in thesecond round of the controversialZimbabwean presidential election.
June 27 – After three decades as the Chairman ofMicrosoft Corporation,Bill Gates steps down from daily duties to concentrate onphilanthropy.^[55]^[56]

July

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July 2008
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7	8	9	10	11	12	13
14	15	16	17	18	19	20
21	22	23	24	25	26	27
28	29	30	31

34th G8 summit heads of delegations inTōyako,Japan

July 2 –Íngrid Betancourt and 14 other hostages arerescued fromFARC byColombian security forces.
July 7 – A suicide-bomberdrives an explosives-laden automobile into the front gates of theIndian embassy inKabul,Afghanistan, killing 58 and injuring over 150.
July 7–9 – The34th G8 summit is held inTōyako, Hokkaidō,Japan.
July 10 – FormerMacedonian Interior MinisterLjube Boškoski is acquitted of all charges, by aUN Tribunal accusing him of war crimes.
July 15–20 –World Youth Day takes place inSydney,Australia.Pope Benedict XVI appears at the event.^[57]
July 21 –Radovan Karadžić, the first president of theRepublika Srpska, is arrested inBelgrade,Serbia on allegations of war crimes, following a 12-year longmanhunt.^[58]
July 22 – TheUnited Progressive Alliance-led government in India survives a crucialno-confidence vote, based on disagreements between theIndian National Congress andLeft Front, over theIndo-US nuclear deal.
July 23 –Ram Baran Yadav is sworn in as the firstPresident of Nepal.^[59]
July 25 – A series ofseven bomb blasts rockBangalore,India, killing two and injuring 20; the next day, aseries of bomb blasts inAhmedabad,Gujarat,India, kills 45 and injures over 160 people.
July 27 – At least 17 are killed and over 154 wounded in2 blasts inIstanbul.
July 28 – At least 48 are dead and over 287 injured after bombs explode inBaghdad andKirkuk,Iraq.^[60]^[61]

August

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August 2008
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4	5	6	7	8	9	10
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18	19	20	21	22	23	24
25	26	27	28	29	30	31

August 1 – A totaleclipse of the Sun is visible from Canada and extends across northern Greenland, the Arctic, central Russia, Mongolia, and China.^[62]
August 1 –George Tupou V is crowned as the new King ofTonga, an event that had been delayed for over two years following the2006 Nuku'alofa riots.^[63]
August 3 – Astampede at aHindu temple atNaina Devi inBilaspur,Himachal Pradesh,India kills 162 and injures 400.
August 4 – Two members of theEast Turkestan Islamic Movement, which had threatened to attack theBeijing Olympics,kill 16 and injure another 16 officers at a police station inKashgar,Xinjiang,China.^[64]^[65]
August 6 – PresidentSidi Ould Cheikh Abdallahi ofMauritania is deposed in amilitary coup d'état.
August 7 – The2008 South Ossetia war begins, asGeorgia andRussia launch a major offensive inside the separatist region ofSouth Ossetia after days of border skirmishes between the two sides.
August 8–24 – The2008 Summer Olympics take place inBeijing,China.^[66]
August 15 – Pushpa Kamal Dahal (known asPrachanda) is sworn in as the firstPrime Minister of theFederal Democratic Republic of Nepal, after theNepalese monarchy was abolished inMay.^[67]
August 17 –Michael Phelps surpassesMark Spitz in Gold Medals won at a singleOlympics, winning eight.^[68]
August 18 –Pervez Musharraf resigns asPresident of Pakistan, under impeachment pressure from the coalition government.^[69]
August 19 –Taliban insurgents kill 10 and injure 21French soldiers in anambush inAfghanistan.^[70]
August 19 – Asuicide bomber rams a car into anAlgerian military academy, killing 43 and injuring 45.^[71]
August 20 –Spanair Flight 5022, fromMadrid toGran Canaria, skids off the runway and crashes atBarajas Airport with 172 on board. Of them, 154 die and 18 survive.^[72]
August 21 – At least 60 die followingtwin suicide bombings outside thePakistan Ordnance Factories inWah,Pakistan.
August 22 –Pirates hijackGerman,Iranian, andJapanese cargo ships off the coast ofSomalia, in seven such attacks sinceJune 20.^[73]
August 24 – An aircraft crashes inGuatemala, killing 10, including fourAmericans on ahumanitarian mission.^[74]
August 24 –Iran Aseman Airlines Flight 6895 crashes upontakeoff nearManas International Airport inBishkek,Kyrgyzstan, killing 68.^[75]
August 26 –Russia unilaterally recognizes the independence ofGeorgian breakaway republicsAbkhazia andSouth Ossetia.^[76]
August 26 –September 1 –Hurricane Gustav makes landfall onLouisiana asCategory 2 and kills seven in theUnited States, after making landfall on westernCuba asCategory 4, and killing 66 inHaiti, eight in theDominican Republic, and 11 inJamaica.^[77]^[78]
August 28 –September 7 –Hurricane Hanna kills seven in theUnited States, and 529 inHaiti, mostly due tofloods andmudslides.^[79]

September

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September 2008
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1	2	3	4	5	6	7
8	9	10	11	12	13	14
15	16	17	18	19	20	21
22	23	24	25	26	27	28
29	30

September 1–14 –Hurricane Ike makes landfall onTexas asCategory 2 and kills 27 in theUnited States, after killing four inCuba, one in theDominican Republic, and 75 inHaiti.^[80]^[81]
September 2 –Prime Minister of Japan Yasuo Fukuda resigns, less than a year after taking office followingShinzo Abe's resignation.^[82]
September 2 –Political crisis in Thailand:Prime Minister Samak Sundaravej ofThailand declares astate of emergency inBangkok.^[83]
September 3 –Prime Minister Yousaf Raza Gillani ofPakistan survives an assassination attempt nearIslamabad, while on his way to meetBritish Leader of the Opposition David Cameron.
September 3 – President'sDimitris Christofias andMehmet Ali Talat hold peace talks inNicosia, aimed at reunifying Cyprus.^[84]^[85]
September 6 –Asif Ali Zardari iselected President of Pakistan by theElectoral College of Pakistan.^[86]
September 6 – At least eightboulders dislodge from a cliff nearCairo,Egypt, killing at least 90 and burying an estimated 500 people.^[87]
September 9 –Political crisis in Thailand: TheConstitutional Court of Thailand ordersPrime Minister Samak Sundaravej to resign, after he is paid for appearing on atelevision cooking show.^[88]
September 10 – Theproton beam is circulated for the first time in theLarge Hadron Collider, theworld's largest and highest-energy particle accelerator, located atCERN, nearGeneva, under the Franco-Swiss border.^[89]^[90]
September 12 – AMetrolink train collides head-on into a freight train inLos Angeles, California, killing 25 and injuring 130.^[91]
September 14 –Aeroflot Flight 821 crashes near the city ofPerm,Russia, killing all 88 on board.^[92]
September 15 – Followingnegotiations,President Robert Mugabe and opposition leadersMorgan Tsvangirai andArthur Mutambara sign a power-sharing deal, making Tsvangirai the newPrime Minister of Zimbabwe.
September 15 –Lehman Brothers files forChapter 11 bankruptcy protection.
September 17 – TheInternational Astronomical Union classifiesHaumea as the 5thdwarf planet in theSolar System.^[93]
September 19–25 –Typhoon Hagupit kills 17 inChina, eight in thePhilippines, one inTaiwan, and 41 inVietnam.^[94]
September 20 – Asuicide truck bomb explosion destroys theMarriott Hotel inIslamabad,Pakistan, killing at least 60 and injuring 266.^[95]^[96]^[97]
September 21 –President Thabo Mbeki ofSouth Africa resigns after accepting a call by theAfrican National Congress.^[98]
September 24 – TheDiet of Japan electsTaro Aso as the newPrime Minister of Japan.^[99]
September 25 –Kgalema Motlanthe iselected by theNational Assembly of South Africa as thePresident of South Africa, succeedingThabo Mbeki.^[100]
September 25 –Shenzhou 7, thethird mannedChinese spaceflight and the first with three crew members, is successfully launched.China becomes the third country ever to conduct aspacewalk.^[101]
September 28 –SpaceX Falcon 1 becomes the world's first privately developedspace launch vehicle to successfullymake orbit.^[102]^[103]
September 30 – AJodhpur temple stampede in westernIndia kills over 224 people, and injures 400.^[104]^[105]

October

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October 2008
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20	21	22	23	24	25	26
27	28	29	30	31

October 3 –Global financial crisis:U.S. President George W. Bush signs the revisedEmergency Economic Stabilization Act into law, creating a700 billion dollar Treasury fund to purchase failing bankassets.^[106]
October 6 –NASA'sMESSENGER spacecraft makes its second of three flybys ofMercury, decreasing the velocity fororbital insertion on March 18, 2011.^[107]^[108]
October 6 –An earthquake measuring 6.6magnitude kills at least 65 inKyrgyzstan.^[109]
October 7 –Global financial crisis:Russia agrees to provideIceland with a four-billion-euro loan.^[110]^[111]
October 7 – Themeteoroid 2008 TC₃ impactsEarth, becoming the first such object to be discovered prior toimpact.^[112]
October 9 –Global financial crisis: Following a major banking and financial crisis in Iceland, theIcelandic Financial Supervisory Authority takes control of the three largest banks in the country:Kaupthing Bank,^[113]^[114]Landsbanki,^[115]^[116] andGlitnir.^[117]^[118]
October 17 – TheUnited Nations General Assembly elects Turkey,Austria,Japan,Uganda, andMexico to two-year terms on theSecurity Council.^[119]
October 21 – TheLarge Hadron Collider (LHC) is officiallyinaugurated. It is a collaboration of over 10,000scientists andengineers from over 100 countries as well as hundreds ofuniversities andlaboratories.^[120]^[121]^[122]^[123]
October 22 – TheIndian Space Research Organisation successfully launches theChandrayaan-1 spacecraft on alunar exploration mission.^[124]^[125]
October 29 –Global financial crisis:Hungary's currency and stock markets rise on the news that it will receive an internationaleconomic bailout package worth $25 billion from theIMF,European Union, andWorld Bank.^[126]
October 29 –Delta Air Lines merges withNorthwest Airlines, forming the world's largest commercial carrier.^[127]

November

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November 2008
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10	11	12	13	14	15	16
17	18	19	20	21	22	23
24	25	26	27	28	29	30

November 4 –United States presidential election, 2008:Barack Obama is elected the 44thPresident of the United States andJoe Biden is elected the 47thVice President. Barack Obama becomes the firstAfrican-American President-elect.^[128]^[129]^[130]
November 6 – KingJigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck ofBhutan is crowned, having ascended to the throne in2006.^[131]
November 7 – The2008 Pétionville school collapse kills at least 92 inPétionville,Haiti.
November 8 – An accident aboardRussian submarine K-152 Nerpa kills 20.
November 11 – TheRMS Queen Elizabeth 2 departs on her last voyage fromSouthampton,UK toDubai,UAE. She will become a floating hotel atPalm Jumeirah.^[132]^[133]
November 14 –STS-126: TheSpace Shuttle Endeavour uses theMPLM Leonardo to deliverexperiment and storage racks to theInternational Space Station. There will be only three more launches ofSpace Shuttle Endeavour after this mission.^[134]
November 19 – Claudia Castillo ofSpain becomes the first person to have a successfultrachea transplant using atissue-engineered organ.^[135]
November 20 – The2008 Prairie meteoroid falls overCanada.
November 22 –23 – TheAPEC Peru 2008 Summit is held inLima.
November 24 – The2008 Santa Catarina floods inSanta Catarina,Brazil kill 126 and force the evacuation of over 78,000 people.
November 25 –Greenland holds areferendum for increased autonomy fromDenmark. The vote is over 75% in favour.^[136]
November 25 –Political crisis in Thailand: Protesters from thePeople's Alliance for Democracy party storm intoSuvarnabhumi Airport and block flights from taking off. More protesters seize control ofDon Mueang Airport the following day.
November 25 – A car bomb inSt. Petersburg,Russia, kills three people and injures one.
November 26 –November 29 – Aseries of terrorist attacks inMumbai,India byPakistan-basedIslamic militants kills 195, and injures at least 250.
November 27 – The longest serving Ocean Liner in history,QE2 is retired from service.
November 29 –Riots inJos, Nigeria kill 381, and injure at least 300.

December

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December 2008
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22	23	24	25	26	27	28
29	30	31

December 1 – A triangularconjunction formed by a new Moon, Venus and Jupiter is aprominent object in the evening sky.^[137]
December 2 –Political crisis in Thailand: After weeks ofopposition-led protests, theConstitutional Court of Thailand dissolves the governingPeople's Power Party and two coalition member parties, and bans leaders of the parties, includingPrime Minister Somchai Wongsawat, from politics for five years. As such, Wongsawat promptly resigns and is replaced by Deputy Prime MinisterChaovarat Chanweerakul as caretaker Prime Minister.^[138]
December 3 – TheConvention on Cluster Munitions opens for signature in Oslo.^[54]
December 4 –Political crisis in Canada:Governor General Michaëlle Jean grants the request ofPrime Minister Stephen Harper toprorogue Parliament until January 26, 2009, averting amotion of no-confidence by the new opposition coalition led by theLeader of the Opposition Stéphane Dion, and theNew Democratic Party leaderJack Layton, withBloc Québécois leaderGilles Duceppe as a coalition partner.^[139]
December 5 – Human remains found in 1991 are identified asTsar Nicholas II of Russia, usingDNA analysis.^[140]
December 6 –Riots spread across Greece after a 15-year-old boy is shot dead by a special guard of theGreek Police.^[141]
December 10 – TheChannel Island ofSark, aBritish crown dependency, holds itsfirst fully democratic elections under a new constitutional arrangement, becoming the last European territory to abolishfeudalism.^[142]
December 12 –Switzerland becomes the 25th European country tojoin theSchengen Agreement, whereby cross-border passport checks will be abolished.^[143]
December 12 – TheMoon moves into its nearest point toEarth, calledperigee, at the same time as its fullest phase of theLunar Cycle. The Moon appears to be 14% bigger and 30% brighter than the year's other full moons. The next time these two events coincide will be in 2016.^[144]
December 16 –Ruins of an ancientWari city are discovered in northernPeru.
December 18 – TheInternational Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda convictsThéoneste Bagosora and two other senior Rwandan army officers ofgenocide,crimes against humanity andwar crimes and sentences them tolife imprisonment.^[145]
December 21 –Gwadar port,Pakistan becomes fully operational.^[146]
December 23 – Amilitary coup d'état is announced inGuinea shortly after the death of long-timePresident Lansana Conté.^[147]
December 27 –Israel initiates a series of airstrikes followed by an invasion in Gaza Strip, killing at least 1300 (including at least 416 children)^[148] and wounding over 2,700.
December 29 –Bangladesh holds itsgeneral elections after two years ofpolitical unrest over theinterim government.^[149]
December 31 – An extraleap second (23:59:60) is added to end the year. The last time this occurred was in2005.

Births

[change |change source]

May 2 -Kate Moyer, Canadian actress (Our House,Buffaloed,Children of the Corn andDelia's Gone)

Deaths

[change |change source]

January

[change |change source]

January 3 –Yo-Sam Choi, Korean boxer (b.1972)
January 7 –Philip Agee, American spy and writer (b.1935)
January 10 –Christopher Bowman, American ice skater (b.1967)
January 10 –Maila Nurmi, Finnish-American actress and television personality (b.1921)
January 11 –Edmund Hillary, New Zealand mountaineer, explorer, and philanthropist (b.1919)
January 15 –Brad Renfro, American actor (b.1982)
January 16 –Nikola Kljusev, Macedonian Prime Minister (b.1927)
January 17 –Bobby Fischer, American-Icelandic chess grandmaster (b.1943)
January 17 –Allan Melvin, American actor (b.1923)
January 18 –Lois Nettleton, American actress (b.1927)
January 19 –Suzanne Pleshette, American actress (b.1937)
January 22 –Heath Ledger, Australian actor (b.1979)
January 22 –Claude Piron, Swiss linguist and psychologist (b.1931)
January 26 –George Habash, Palestinian politician (b.1926)
January 27 –Gordon B. Hinckley, American Mormon leader (b.1910)
January 28 –Christodoulos, Archbishop of Athens (b.1939)
January 29 –Margaret Truman, American author (b.1924)

February

[change |change source]

February 2 –Joshua Lederberg, American molecular biologist and Nobel Prize laureate (b.1925)
February 5 –Maharishi Mahesh Yogi, Indian spiritual leader (b.1917)
February 7 –Andrew Bertie, British Grand Master of the Order of Malta (b.1929)
February 9 –Baba Amte, Indian social activist (b.1914)
February 10 –Roy Scheider, American actor (b.1932)
February 11 –Alfredo Reinado, East Timorese rebel (b.1967)
February 11 –Tom Lantos, American politician (b.1928)
February 12 –Imad Mughniyah, Lebanese militant (b.1962)
February 12 –Badri Patarkatsishvili, Georgian businessman and politician (b.1955)
February 13 –Kon Ichikawa, Japanese movie director (b.1915)
February 13 –Henri Salvador, French singer (b.1917)
February 18 –Alain Robbe-Grillet, French writer and movie maker (b.1922)
February 19 –Natalia Bessmertnova, Russian ballerina (b.1941)
February 19 –Yegor Letov, Russian singer (b.1964)
February 23 –Janez Drnovšek, formerPresident andPrime Minister of Slovenia (b.1950)
February 23 –Paul Frère, Belgian racing driver (b.1917)
February 25 –Static Major, American musician (b.1974)
February 27 –William F. Buckley, Jr., American writer and conservative commentator (b.1925)
February 27 –Ivan Rebroff, German singer (b.1931)

March

[change |change source]

March 1 –Raúl Reyes, Colombian guerrilla (b.1948)
March 2 –Jeff Healey, Canadian musician (b.1966)
March 3 –Giuseppe Di Stefano, Italian operatic tenor (b.1921)
March 3 –Norman Smith, English singer and record producer (b.1923)
March 4 –Gary Gygax, American writer and game designer (b.1938)
March 5 –Joseph Weizenbaum, German-American writer and computer scientist (b.1923)
March 6 –Peter Poreku Dery, Ghanaian cardinal (b.1918)
March 14 –Chiara Lubich, Italian Catholic activist (b.1920)
March 16 –Ivan Dixon, American actor (b.1931)
March 18 –Anthony Minghella, English movie director and screenwriter (b.1954)
March 19 –Arthur C. Clarke, English writer, inventor, and futurist (b.1917)
March 19 –Hugo Claus, Flemish writer, painter and movie director (b.1929)
March 19 –Paul Scofield, English actor (b.1922)
March 21 –Klaus Dinger, German musician (b.1946)
March 22 –Adolfo Suárez Rivera, Mexican cardinal (b.1927)
March 24 –Neil Aspinall, British record producer and business executive (b.1942)
March 24 –Richard Widmark, American actor (b.1914)
March 26 –Manuel Marulanda, Colombian guerrilla (b.1930)
March 27 –Jean-Marie Balestre, French sports executive (b.1921)
March 30 –Dith Pran, Cambodian-American photojournalist (b.1942)
March 31 –Jules Dassin, American movie director (b.1911)

April

[change |change source]

April 3 –Hrvoje Ćustić, Croatian footballer (b.1983)
April 5 –Charlton Heston, American actor (b.1923)
April 8 –Stanley Kamel, American actor (b.1943)
April 10 –Ernesto Corripio y Ahumada, Mexican cardinal (b.1919)
April 12 –Patrick Hillery, 6th President of Ireland (b.1923)
April 13 –John Archibald Wheeler, American theoretical physicist (b.1911)
April 14 –Ollie Johnston, American animator (b.1912)
April 15 –Benoît Lamy, Belgian movie writer-director (b.1945)
April 16 –Edward Norton Lorenz, American mathematician and meteorologist (b.1917)
April 17 –Aimé Césaire, French Martinican poet and politician (b.1913)
April 29 –Albert Hofmann, Swiss chemist and writer, discoverer ofLSD (b.1906)

May

[change |change source]

May 1 –Anthony Mamo, 1stPresident of Malta (b.1909)
May 1 –Philipp von Boeselager, German military officer (b.1917)
May 3 –Leopoldo Calvo Sotelo, SpanishPrime Minister of (b.1926)
May 8 –Eddy Arnold, American singer (b.1918)
May 8 –François Sterchele, Belgian footballer (b.1982)
May 10 –Leyla Gencer, Turkish soprano (b.1928)
May 12 –Robert Rauschenberg, American pop artist (b.1925)
May 12 –Irena Sendler, Polish humanitarian (b.1910)
May 13 –Saad Al-Abdullah Al-Salim Al-Sabah, Emir of Kuwait (b.1930)
May 13 –Bernardin Gantin, Beninese cardinal (b.1922)
May 13 –John Phillip Law, American actor (b.1937)
May 15 –Willis Lamb, American physicist and Nobel Prize laureate (b.1913)
May 23 –Cornell Capa, Hungarian-American photographer (b.1918)
May 24 –Rob Knox, British actor (b.1989)
May 26 –Sydney Pollack, American actor, director, and producer (b.1934)
May 28 –Sven Davidson, Swedish tennis player (b.1928)
May 29 –Harvey Korman, American actor and comedian (b.1927)
May 29 –Luc Bourdon, Canadian Hockey player (b.1987)

June

[change |change source]

June 1 –Yves Saint Laurent, French fashion designer (b.1936)
June 1 –Tommy Lapid, Israeli television presenter, journalist, and politician (b.1931)
June 2 –Bo Diddley, American musician (b.1928)
June 2 –Mel Ferrer, American actor, director, and producer (b.1917)
June 4 –Agata Mróz-Olszewska, Polish volleyball player (b.1982)
June 7 –Dino Risi, Italian director (b.1916)
June 8 –Šaban Bajramović, Serbian musician (b.1936)
June 9 –Algis Budrys, Lithuanian-American science fiction writer (b.1931)
June 9 –Karen Asrian, Armenian chess grandmaster (b.1980)
June 10 –Chinghiz Aitmatov, Kyrgyzstani writer (b.1928)
June 11 –Ove Andersson, Swedish rally driver (b.1939)
June 11 –Võ Văn Kiệt, formerPrime Minister of Vietnam (b.1922)
June 13 –Tim Russert, American journalist (b.1950)
June 15 –Stan Winston, American special effects and makeup artist (b.1946)
June 17 –Cyd Charisse, American actress and dancer (b.1922)
June 18 –Jean Delannoy, French movie director (b.1908)
June 22 –George Carlin, American writer, actor, and comedian (b.1937)
June 23 –Arthur Chung, President of Guyana (b.1918)
June 24 –Leonid Hurwicz, American economist and mathematician, Nobel Prize laureate (b.1917)
June 27 –Sam Manekshaw, Field Marshall of Indian Army (b.1914)
June 28 –Ruslana Korshunova, Kazakhstani model (b.1987)
June 29 –Don S. Davis, American actor (b.1942)

July

[change |change source]

July 4 –Evelyn Keyes, American actress (b.1916)
July 5 –René Harris, President of Nauru (b.1947)
July 11 –Michael E. DeBakey, American surgeon and inventor (b.1908)
July 12 –Tony Snow, American political commentator (b.1955)
July 13 –Bronisław Geremek, Polish social historian and politician (b.1932)
July 15 –György Kolonics, Hungarian canoeist (b.1972)
July 22 –Estelle Getty, American actress (b.1923)
July 25 –Johnny Griffin, American saxophonist (b.1928)
July 25 –Randy Pausch, American writer and computer scientist (b.1960)
July 27 –Youssef Chahine, Egyptian movie director (b.1926)
July 29 –Mate Parlov, Croatian boxer (b.1948)

August

[change |change source]

August 1 –Pauline Baynes, English illustrator (b.1922)
August 1 –Harkishan Singh Surjeet, Indian politician (b.1916)
August 3 –Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn, Russian writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b.1918)
August 9 –Bernie Mac, American actor and comedian (b.1957)
August 9 –Mahmoud Darwish, Palestinian poet (b.1941)
August 10 –Isaac Hayes, African-American musician (b.1942)
August 11 –Fred Sinowatz, Austrian politician (b.1929)
August 13 –Henri Cartan, French mathematician (b.1904)
August 15 –Jerry Wexler, American music producer (b.1917)
August 16 –Ronnie Drew, Irish singer (b.1934)
August 16 –Masanobu Fukuoka, Japanese microbiologist (b.1913)
August 19 –Levy Mwanawasa, President of Zambia (b.1948)
August 20 –Hua Guofeng, Chinese premier (b.1921)
August 23 –Thomas Huckle Weller, American virologist, Nobel Prize laureate (b.1915)
August 28 –Phil Hill, American race car driver (b.1927)

September

[change |change source]

September 1 –Don LaFontaine, American voice actor (b.1940)
September 6 –Anita Page, American actress (b.1910)
September 9 –Nouhak Phoumsavanh, President of Laos (b.1910)
September 12 –David Foster Wallace, American writer (b.1962)
September 15 –Richard Wright, English musician (b.1943)
September 18 –Mauricio Kagel, Argentine composer (b.1931)
September 26 –Paul Newman, American actor (b.1925)

October

[change |change source]

October 1 –Boris Efimov, Russian political cartoonist (b.1900)
October 6 –Paavo Haavikko, Finnish poet (b.1931)
October 8 –George Emil Palade, Romanian cell biologist, Nobel Prize laureate (b.1912)
October 10 –Alexey Prokurorov, Russian cross-country skier (b.1964)
October 11 –Jörg Haider, Austrian politician (b.1950)
October 13 –Guillaume Depardieu, French actor (b.1971)
October 13 –Antonio José González Zumárraga, Ecuadorian cardinal (b.1925)
October 13 –Alexei Cherepanov, Russian hockey player (b.1989)
October 20 –Sœur Emmanuelle, Belgian-born French nun (b.1908)
October 25 –Muslim Magomayev, Azerbaijani singer (b.1942)
October 25 –Estelle Reiner, American actress and singer (b.1914)
October 26 –Tony Hillerman, American writer (b.1925)
October 29 –William Wharton, American author (b.1925)
October 31 –Studs Terkel, American writer and liberal commentator (b.1912)

November

[change |change source]

November 1 –Jimmy Carl Black, American drummer (b.1938)
November 1 –Jacques Piccard, Swiss explorer and engineer (b.1922)
November 1 –Yma Sumac, Peruvian soprano (b.1922)
November 4 –Michael Crichton, American writer and producer (b.1942)
November 4 –Juan Camilo Mouriño, Mexican politician (b.1971)
November 10 –Kiyoshi Itō, Japanese mathematician (b.1915)
November 10 –Miriam Makeba, South African singer (b.1932)
November 12 –Mitch Mitchell, English drummer (b.1946)
November 14 –Tsvetanka Khristova, Bulgarian athlete (b.1962)
November 22 –Ibrahim Nasir, Maldivian President (b.1926)
November 27 –Vishwanath Pratap Singh, Indian Prime Minister (b.1931)
November 29 –Jørn Utzon, Danish architect (b.1918)

December

[change |change source]

December 1 –Paul Benedict, American actor (b.1938)
December 1 –Mikel Laboa, Basque singer and songwriter (b.1934)
December 2 –Odetta, American singer (b.1930)
December 5 –Alexy II, Russian Orthodox Patriarch (b.1929)
December 5 –Nina Foch, Dutch-born American actress (b.1924)
December 9 –Yuri Glazkov, Russian cosmonaut (b.1939)
December 9 –Dražan Jerković, Croatian football player and manager (b.1936)
December 11 –Daniel Carleton Gajdusek, American physician, Nobel Prize laureate (b.1923)
December 11 –Bettie Page, American pin-up model (b.1923)
December 11 –Maddie Blaustein, American voice actress (b.1960)
December 12 –Avery Dulles, American Roman Catholic Cardinal (b.1918)
December 12 –Van Johnson, American actor (b.1916)
December 12 –Tassos Papadopoulos, 5th President of Cyprus (b.1934)
December 13 –Horst Tappert, German actor (b.1923)
December 15 -León Febres Cordero, 46th President of Ecuador (b.1931)
December 18 –Majel Barrett, American actress (b.1932)
December 18 –Mark Felt, American FBI agent, "Deep Throat" from the Watergate scandal (b.1913)
December 20 –Olga Lepeshinskaya, Russian ballerina (b.1916)
December 20 –Robert Mulligan, American director (b.1925)
December 22 –Lansana Conté, President of Guinea (b.1934)
December 24 –Harold Pinter, English playwright (b.1930)
December 24 –Samuel P. Huntington, American political scientist (b.1927)
December 25 –Eartha Kitt, American singer and actress (b.1927)
December 29 –Freddie Hubbard, American jazz trumpeter (b.1938)

Awards

[change |change source]

Nobel Prizes

[change |change source]

Major religious holidays

[change |change source]

2008 in othercalendars
Gregorian calendar	2008 MMVIII
Ab urbe condita	2761
Armenian calendar	1457 ԹՎ ՌՆԾԷ
Assyrian calendar	6758
Bahá'í calendar	164–165
Balinese saka calendar	1929–1930
Bengali calendar	1415
Berber calendar	2958
British Regnal year	56 Eliz. 2 – 57 Eliz. 2
Buddhist calendar	2552
Burmese calendar	1370
Byzantine calendar	7516–7517
Chinese calendar	丁亥年(Fire Pig) 4704 or 4644 — to — 戊子年(Earth Rat) 4705 or 4645
Coptic calendar	1724–1725
Discordian calendar	3174
Ethiopian calendar	2000–2001
Hebrew calendar	5768–5769
Hindu calendars
-Vikram Samvat	2064–2065
-Shaka Samvat	1929–1930
-Kali Yuga	5108–5109
Holocene calendar	12008
Igbo calendar	1008–1009
Iranian calendar	1386–1387
Islamic calendar	1428–1430
Japanese calendar	Heisei 20 (平成２０年)
Javanese calendar	1940–1941
Juche calendar	97
Julian calendar	Gregorian minus 13 days
Korean calendar	4341
Minguo calendar	ROC 97 民國97年
Nanakshahi calendar	540
Thai solar calendar	2551
Tibetan calendar	མེ་མོ་ཕག་ལོ་ (female Fire-Boar) 2134 or 1753 or 981 — to — ས་ཕོ་བྱི་བ་ལོ་ (male Earth-Rat) 2135 or 1754 or 982
Unix time	1199145600 – 1230767999

January 7 –Christmas inEastern Christianity
January 10 –Islamic New Year byLunar calendar
February 5 –Carnival (Shrove Tuesday)
February 6 –Ash Wednesday, observance ofLent begins
February 7 –Chinese New Year
March 1 –Saint David's Day, celebrated inWales and theUnited States.
March 15 –Saint Patrick's Day, celebrated inIreland, theUnited States, and most of the English-speaking world. (Held on March 15 instead of the usual 17th to avoid the second day inHoly Week).^[150] ThisMarch 17 will be the last one to fall within Holy Week until 2160.^[151]
March 20 – MarchEquinox, also known asOstara
March 20 –Purim
March 21 –Nowruz (Iranian New Year holiday)
March 21 –Good Friday
March 22 –Holi
March 23 –Easter Sunday, the earliest Easter has fallen since1913
April 13 –Vaisakhi
April 20 –Passover,Palm Sunday in Eastern Christianity
April 27 –Pascha (or Easter) in Eastern Christianity
May 1 –Ascension of Jesus inWestern Christianity
May 1 –Beltane, aCross-quarter day
May 19 orMay 20 –Vesak (the birthday of theBuddha) inBuddhism
June 5 –Ascension of Jesus in Eastern Christianity
June 9 –Shavuot
June 15 –Pentecost in Eastern Christianity
June 20 – JuneSolstice, also known asMidsummer orLitha
June 22 –All Saints' Day in Eastern Christianity
July 5 –Saints Cyril and Methodius day in Eastern Christianity
August 1 –Lammas, aCross-quarter day
August 15 –Assumption of Mary
August 16 –Raksha Bandhan
September 1 – New Liturgical Year in Eastern Christianity
September 2 – Start ofRamadan
September 4-Janmastami -Birth ofLord Krishna
September 22 – SeptemberEquinox, also known asMabon
September 30 –Rosh Hashanah
October 1 –Eid ul-Fitr
October 9 –Yom Kippur
October 13 –Sukkot
October 28 –Diwali
November 1 –Samhain, aCross-quarter day andNeopagan new year
December 8 –Immaculate Conception
December 8 –Eid al-Adha
December 21 –Hanukkah begins at sundown
December 21 – DecemberSolstice, also known asYule
December 25 –Christmas in Western Christianity

References

[change |change source]

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February 2008
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