Russia is afederation which consists of 83 subjects.[1] These subjects are of equal federal rights in the sense that they have equal representation—two delegates each—in theFederation Council (upper house of theFederal Assembly of Russia). However, they do differ in the degree ofautonomy they enjoy. Autonomousokrugs, while federal subjects in their own right, are, at the same time, considered to be administrative divisions of other federal subjects (withChukotka Autonomous Okrug being the only exception).
Each subject of the federation belongs to one of the following categories:
21 republics (республики, sing.республика;respubliki, sing.respublika)—nominally autonomous, each has its own constitution, president and parliament; is represented by the federal government in international affairs; and is meant to be home to a specific ethnic minority.
46 oblasts (provinces) (области, sing.область;oblasti, sing.oblast)—most common, regular administrative units with federally appointed governor and locally elected legislature. Commonly named after theoblast center—the largest city in the oblast, its administrative center.
9 krais (territories) (края, sing.край;kraya, sing.krai orkray, the latter being less common)—essentially the same as oblasts. The title "territory" is historic, originally given because they were once considered frontier regions.
4 autonomous okrugs (autonomous districts) (автономные округа, sing.автономный округ;avtonomnyye okruga, sing.avtonomnyokrug)—more autonomous than oblasts but less than republics; usually with substantial or predominant ethnic minority.
2 federal cities (cities under direct jurisdiction of the Federation) (федеральные города, sing.федеральный город;federalnyye goroda, sing.federalny gorod)—major cities that function as separate regions.
The subjects have both numerical codes and two- or three-letterISO 3166-2:RU codes. The numerical codes span from 01 to 89, although 6 of them are no longer in use after mergers.සැකිල්ල:List of federal subjects of Russia
Plans existed to merge some of the federal subjects into larger territories, which started in December 2005. No new mergers have been planned since March 2008.
.png)
.svg)
.svg)
.svg)
.svg)
.svg)
.svg)
.svg)
.svg)
.svg)
.svg)
.svg)
.svg)
.svg)
.svg)
.svg)
.svg)
.svg)
.svg)
.svg)
_(2008-03).svg)
.svg)
_(2008-03).svg)
.svg)
.svg)
.svg)
.svg)
.svg)
.svg)
.svg)
.svg)
.svg)
.svg)
.svg)