ڪيوشو (انگريزي: Kyūshū؛ja؛ جاپاني: 九州، لفظي طور تي "نو صوبا")،جاپان جو ٽيون وڏو ۽ چار مکيه ٻيٽن ۾ سڀ کان ڏکڻ وارو ٻيٽ آهي.[1] اڳ ۾ ان کي "ڪيوڪوڪو" (九国، "نو ملڪ")، "چنزي" (鎮西، "پئسفڪ جو اولهه") ۽ "سوڪوشي-نو-شيما" (筑紫島، "سوڪوشي جو ٻيٽ") جي نالي سان سڃاتو ويندو هو. تاريخي علائقائي نالو "سائڪائيڊو" (西海道؛ لفظي طور تي اولهه سمنڊ جو سرڪٽ)، ڪيوشو ۽ ان جي آس پاس جي ٻيٽن جو حوالو ڏئي ٿو. ڪيوشو جو زميني رقبو 36,782 چورس ڪلوميٽر (14,202 چورس ميل) آهي ۽ سال 2018ع ۾ هن جي آبادي 1,43,11,224 هئي.[2]
هڪ نظريو آهي ته ڪيوشو قديم زماني ۾ هڪ آزاد حڪمران خاندان جي هيٺ هو، جتي هونشو کان مختلف، هڪ منفرد، ڏکڻ رسوخ واري ثقافت ۽ روايت ترقي ڪئي.[3][4] اٺين صديءَ ۾ تائيهو ڪوڊ وارا سڌارا، "دازائيفو" کي علائقي لاءِ هڪ خاص انتظامي اصطلاح طور قائم ڪيو.[5]
The island is mountainous, and Japan's most active volcano,Mount Aso at 1٬591 ميٽر (5٬220 ft), is on Kyūshū. There are many other signs of tectonic activity, including numerous areas ofhot springs. The most famous of these are inBeppu, on the east shore, and around Mt. Aso in central Kyūshū. The island is separated fromHonshu by theKanmon Straits. Being the nearest island to theAsian continent,[6] historically it is the gateway to Japan.[7]
The total area is 36٬782.37 km2 (14٬201.75 sq mi) which makes it the 37thlargest island in the world.[8] It is slightly larger thanTaiwan's total area of 35٬808 km2 (13٬826 sq mi).[9] The highest elevation is 1791 ميٽر (5876 فٽ) onMount Kujū.[10]
Today's Kyūshū Region (九州地方,Kyūshū-chihō) is a politically defined region that consists of the sevenprefectures on the island of Kyūshū (which also includes the formerTsushima andIki as part of Nagasaki), plusOkinawa Prefecture to the south:
ڪيوشو جي معيشت جاپان جي ڪل معاشي پيداوار جو لڳ ڀڳ 10 سيڪڙو آهي، جيڪا ان کي ايران، ناروي، آسٽريا، گڏيل عرب امارات ۽ ٿائيلينڊ جهڙن ملڪن سان مقابلو ڪرڻ جي قابل بڻائي ٿي. اهو جاپان ۾، ٽوڪيو، اوساڪا ۽ ناگويا جي ميٽروپوليٽن علائقن کانپوءِ، چوٿون وڏو معاشي علائقو آهي.
ڪيوشو مختلف قسمن جي پورسلين بشمول اريتا، اماري، ستسوما ۽ ڪراتسو لاءِ مشهور آهي. ڳري صنعتون، جنهن ۾ سيمي ڪنڊڪٽر، ڪيميڪل ۽ آٽو موبائيل، ڌاتو جي پروسيسنگ، جهاز سازي، وغيره شامل آهن، اتر ۾، فوڪوڪا، ڪيٽيڪيوشو، ناگاساڪي ۽ اويتا جي چوڌاري مرڪوز آهن.
تانيگاشيما جو ٻيٽ "تانيگاشيما خلائي مرڪز" جيڪو جاپان ۾ سڀ کان وڏو راڪيٽ لانچ ڪمپليڪس آهي جي ميزباني ڪري ٿو.
يو ايس سي ۾ ايم-وي راڪيٽ لانچ جي ريهرسل
Kyushu's economy accounts for approximately 10% of Japan's total economic output, making it comparable to countries such asIran,Norway,Austria, theUnited Arab Emirates, andThailand. It is the fourth largest economic region in Japan, following the three major metropolitan areas ofTokyo,Osaka, andNagoya.
Kyūshū's economy has a well-balanced industrial structure, ranging from primary industries such as agriculture, to secondary industries such as manufacturing, and tertiary industries such as retail, services, and tourism. Agricultural output in the region amounts to 1.8 trillion yen (20% share of the national total), and the region is a major domestic production center for theautomobile andsemiconductor industries.
Kyūshū is noted for various types ofporcelain, including Arita, Imari, Satsuma, and Karatsu.Heavy industry is concentrated in the north around Fukuoka, Kitakyushu, Nagasaki, and Oita and includes chemicals, automobiles, semiconductors, metal processing, shipbuilding, etc.[12] The island ofTanegashima hosts theTanegashima Space Center, which is the largest rocket-launch complex in Japan.
Kyūshū also has a thriving healthcare industry, including medical and nursing care, and numerous research and manufacturing facilities in the fields ofhydrogen,solar power, and other renewable energies. Furthermore,Fukuoka City,Kitakyushu City andOkinawa Prefecture have been designated asNational Strategic Special Zones, which are expected to have an economic ripple effect on the entire Kyūshū region through the creation of innovation in industry and the promotion of new entrepreneurship and start-ups.[13]
Kyūshū is a region with strong economic ties to Asia. For example, Asia accounted for 420 (77.9%) of the 539 overseas expansion cases of Kyūshū-Yamaguchi companies from 2010 to 2019, and Asia accounted for 61.1% of Kyūshū-Yamaguchi's total exports in 2019, 7.4 percentage points higher than the nation as a whole. As the logistics node between Japan and Asia, the ports of Hakata and Kitakyushu handle a large number of international containers. In addition, the number of cruise ship calls in 2019 was 772, with Kyūshū accounting for 26.9% of the nation's total.[14]
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