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Ruth Bat-Seraph Explained: Captain America Hero's Controversial Comics History And Major MCU Changes

Shira Haas as Ruth in Captain America 4 (2025) next to artwork of Sabra in Marvel Comics
Shira Haas as Ruth in Captain America 4 (2025) next to artwork of Sabra in Marvel Comics
Custom Image by Lewis Glazebrook
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By Lewis Glazebrook
Lewis is a Lead Writer for Screen Rant and has written for the site since 2022. This has allowed Lewis to explore a vast array of films, TV shows, books, comic books, and games from across the mainstream world of pop culture, reflecting his lifelong love of all media and typifying his experience in the world of fiction storytelling. To top this off, Lewis graduated from Northumbria University with First Class Honours in Film & TV Studies, truly exemplifying his experience in the medium.
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Warning! This article contains spoilers for Captain America: Brave New World.

Captain America: Brave New World introduces Ruth Bat-Seraph to the MCU, a character Marvel had to revamp from the comics due to her controversial past.Captain America: Brave New World's cast comprises a blend of MCU familiars and newcomers, in both fresh and recurring roles. Anthony Mackie leads the way as Sam Wilson, whileHarrison Ford's recasting as Thunderbolt Ross provides his adversary. Other important players in the film include the returning Danny Ramirez as Joaquin Torres and Carl Lumbly as Isaiah Bradley, complete with MCU newcomer Shira Haas.

By the time ofCaptain America: Brave New World's ending, the film adequately wraps up a standalone adventure for Sam Wilson in his first theatrical outing as the titular hero. As alluded to via the film's large cast, though, Sam certainly did not overcome theMCU's Red Hulk villain and its mastermind alone. He was helped by Torres as the new Falcon, but Haas' Ruth Bat-Seraph was more important than the trailers made her seem. Via some major MCU changes, Marvel Studios sidestepped the characters' controversial comic history, potentially making her an important part of Sam's team going forward.

Ruth Bat-Seraph's Marvel Comics Origin And History Explained

The Divisive Hero Of Sabra Is Part Of The MCU

Firstly, it is worth exploring who Ruth Bat-Seraph is in Marvel Comics. In the source material, Ruth goes by the superhero name Sabra and is a Jewish mutant who was born near Jerusalem. Sabra's mutant abilities include general superpowered strength, speed, durability, and a strong healing factor, but she also possesses the ability to transfer her powers and life energy to other people. Sabra has not been a major part of Marvel Comics over the years, but she was considered the Israeli equivalent of Captain America, much like Red Guardian was for Russia.

This caused some controversy, not solely due to recent world events but also due to the divisiveness that Sabra has caused in Marvel Comics...

In Marvel Comics,Ruth/Sabra served in the Mossad, Israel's Secret Service. Since then, she has crossed paths with many heroes, from the Hulk to the X-Men and Captain America himself. Early inCaptain America: Brave New World's production, it was announced that Israeli actress Shira Haas had been cast as Sabra in the film. This caused some controversy, not solely due to recent world events but also due to the divisiveness that Sabra has caused in Marvel Comics since her induction. As such, Ruth Bat-Seraph has notable differences inCaptain America: Brave New World.

Why Marvel Made Ruth A Former Black Widow In The MCU

More Sabra Controversy Was Avoided By Marvel Studios

Sabra with a gun in Captain America Brave New World
Sabra with a gun in Captain America Brave New World

Given that Haas' casting as Sabra in the MCU caused criticism, it was quickly unveiled that Marvel Studios would make some changes to her character inCaptain America: Brave New World. This was addressed byVariety shortly after Haas' announcement, with the studio itself telling the outlet that the filmmakers ofCaptain America 4 were taking a different direction from the version of Sabra that first debuted in the comics. While oneCaptain America: Brave New World Easter egg references Ruth's Israeli heritage, this is about as far as the connections go between the MCU character and her comic counterpart.

Sam Wilson's Captain America in Captain America Brave New World images
Wait, I Don’t Understand Why Marvel Is Ignoring 1 Important Thing About Captain America 4’s Newest Hero

Marvel Studios has already confirmed one huge change to a new hero in Captain America: Brave New World, but I don't understand why this has happened.

For one, Ruth Bat-Seraph is not a mutant inCaptain America: Brave New World, nor is any history as a Mossad agent mentioned. Instead, Ruth is described as a former Black Widow who was raised in the Red Room, tying her to an integral part of the MCU's fictional history. The superhero name Sabra is also not utilized inCaptain America: Brave New World,with many likely wondering why these changes were made and what controversy Marvel Studios was hoping to sidestep.

One scene shows Ruth wearing a blue and white leather costume akin to her Sabra suit from the comics, but reshoots and editing evidently removed this aspect from the final film.

The reason Sabra's debut in Marvel Comics was divisive is the potential implications it had on the Israeli-Palestinian conflict that has endured for decades. Of course, Marvel Comics folded Sabra into the fictional universe of superheroes and villains without actively commenting on wider sociopolitical aspects, as was the case with many other characters. Nonetheless, an Israeli agent caused some controversy among readers. This controversy has since edged over into the MCU upon Haas' casting inCaptain America: Brave New World, especially due to the escalation of the Israel-Gaza war in recent years.

Naturally, Marvel Studios could not hide from the ongoing controversy this move caused. This resulted in Sabra's role being massively altered in the MCU, leading to the Red Room changes and the move away from Ruth's more Israeli-centric comic book storylines. Longtime Marvel producer Nate Moore commented on these changes toEntertainment Weekly shortly beforeCaptain America: Brave New World's release, insisting that"there are differences that we have to make because film is different than publishing."

How Ruth Fits Into The Story Of Captain America: Brave New World

Ruth's MCU Debut Explained

Sabra looking stern in Captain America Brave New World
Sabra looking stern in Captain America Brave New World

In light of these changes, then, it is worth exploring exactly how Ruth fits into the story ofCaptain America: Brave New World. Ruth is absent from much of the film's first act yet is introduced later as the head of security for President Thaddeus Ross. At first, Ruth acts as an adversary to Sam and Joaquin as the former wishes to simply do her job and protect the President, no matter who has to be imprisoned to achieve this. InCaptain America: Brave New World's case, this unfortunate prisoner becomes the mind-controlled Isaiah Bradley.

This puts Ruth at odds with Sam, who knows someone else is behind the scenes and framing Bradley. Eventually, Ruth comes to realize that Sam is correct, as she aids him and Joaquin in uncovering the master plan created by Tim Blake Nelson'sThe Leader who returns inCaptain America 4 from 2008'sThe Incredible Hulk. For the remainder of the film, Ruth remains an ally to Sam as the two try to stop a world war from breaking out thanks to The Leader's machinations.

Will Ruth Return In The MCU?

Ruth's MCU Future Remains In Question

Shira Hass and Sabra over Captain America Shield
Shira Hass and Sabra over Captain America Shield
Custom Image By Karlis Wilde

As ofCaptain America: Brave New World's ending, the main question left surrounding Ruth is whether she will have a future in the MCU. Admittedly, it seems unlikely that Ruth will be utilized in other movies going forward. The reason for this stems from the controversy that ensued after Marvel Studios attempted to adapt the character, which resulted in the drastic changes to her comic book story being implemented.

Also, from a storytelling perspective, the film does not lay many seeds that hint at Ruth's return. SomeMCU cameos inCaptain America: Brave New World hint at an exciting future, but it is hard to imagine Ruth being part of it. If she ever does return though, it would likely be in another Sam Wilson-ledCaptain America movie, given their history as enemies-to-allies inCaptain America: Brave New World. Whether Marvel would revert the changes made to Ruth Bat-Seraph or keep developing the new MCU continuity established remains to be seen, but Ruth's franchise future is certainly in doubt.

Captain America- Brave New World - Poster
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Release Date
February 14, 2025
Runtime
118 minutes
Director
Julius Onah
Writers
Dalan Musson, Malcolm Spellman
Franchise(s)
Captain America,Marvel Cinematic Universe
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