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Books by Maksim Kalinin

Research paper thumbnail of Joseph Ḥazzāyā. Book of the Chapters on Knowledge. Newly Discovered Fragments
Part I. The Text
This book is the edition of two newly discovered fragments of the Book of the Chapters on Knowled... moreThis book is the edition of two newly discovered fragments of the Book of the Chapters on Knowledge, an important work of the East Syriac mystical writer mār Joseph Ḥazzāyā (8th c.). The full text of this work was contained in a 16th c. codex unicus Seert 78 described and catalogued by the archbishop of Seert Addai Scher. The fate of the manuscript collection of the Seert diocese after 1915 remains obscure. Extant fragments of the Book of the Chapters on Knowledge have thus far been believed to be limited to six mēmrē preserved in the West Syriac tradition and ~300 chapters cited by Ephrem of Qirqesion in his Commentary on the Difficult Chapters on Knowledge.
The first fragment is found in the manuscript BnF syr. 434; it has the title
Useful Chapters and no attribution. The authorship was established based on strong textual evidence. The initial and final chapters of this fragment belong to Joseph Ḥazzāyā’s mēmrē known in the West Syriac tradition; the remainder comprises at least four chapters coinciding with those cited by Ephrem of Qirqesion in his commentary.
The second fragment, found in two manuscripts (Harvard syr. 42 and
Pampakuda, Konat syr. 303), was attributed to Joseph Ḥazzāyā based on numerous stylistic and thematic coincidences with his authentic texts. In addition, two chapters of the second fragment have exact correspondence in the first fragment.
The present volume contains the Syriac text of the newly discovered fragments with a text-critical inroduction. The next volume (OMS 2, now in preparation) will contain a transltaion, references to biblical and patristic sorces, and a commentary.

Papers by Maksim Kalinin

Research paper thumbnail of The Chapters on Knowledge of Rabban Aphnīmāran: The Syriac and Arabic Manuscript Traditions. Part III
Ivanova, Polina A., Kalinin, Maksim G., Preobrazhensky, Alexander M. “The Chapters on Knowledge of Rabban Aphnīmāran: The Syriac and Arabic Manuscript Traditions. Part III.” A Critical Edition of Syriac and Arabic Texts, Translation, and Notes. Bible and Christian Antiquity (Supplement), № 4 (2..., 2024
This article presents a critical edition of the Chapters on Knowledge by Rabban Aphnīmāran, a 7th... moreThis article presents a critical edition of the Chapters on Knowledge by Rabban Aphnīmāran, a 7th-century East Syriac mystic, together with an anonymous commentary on them. In its third part, the authors publish Chapters 42–61 along with an annotated translation. The chapters, written in a deliberately enigmatic style, aim at the gathering of the mind (hawnā) and the practice of hergā. The authors examine the anthropological premises underlying the practice of hergā, analyze how the term hergā was used in both scholastic (5th–6th centuries) and mystical-ascetic (7th–8th centuries) contexts, and propose a reconstruction of the hergā method as applied to the Chapters on Knowledge of Rabban Aphnīmāran.
Research paper thumbnail of A HISTORY OF THE PASSIVE IN PRE-MODERN ARAMAIC: AN OUTLINE
JSS, 2022
In Proto-Aramaic, the passive of transitive verbs belonging to all three principal stems-G, D and... moreIn Proto-Aramaic, the passive of transitive verbs belonging to all three principal stems-G, D and C-was formed internally. Some verbs of the G-and D-stems also possessed detransitive derivatives. Transitive verbs of the G-, D-and C-stems lost their internal passives early on, and the passives of G-and D-verbs were encoded by their respective t-stems. Against this general Aramaic picture, in Imperial Aramaic the passive forms of the G-stem were in complementary distribution: the passive Past was encoded by the internal passive of the Suffix Conjugation (Gp SC), while the passive non-Past was rendered by the Gt participle and the Gt Prefix Conjugation. Gp SC stopped being used with Imperial Aramaic once it was replaced, as a written language, by vernacular-based literary varieties. The Ct-stem, non-existent in Imperial Aramaic, must have first emerged among spoken varieties of Aramaic in the first half of the first millennium BCE, and only within I-w and II-w/y roots. Within the Imperial Aramaic corpus, both the rare Gt SC passive forms and Ct-stem forms reflect the influence of spoken Aramaic varieties in the diglossic situation. In Syriac, the Ct-stem of sound roots is unattested during its golden age. The Ct-forms of sound roots appeared in original Syriac texts only after the Arab conquest, and these also come from spoken Aramaic varieties.
Research paper thumbnail of The Basic Lexicon of Mlaḥsô: A Comparative Study
The Basic Lexicon of Mlaḥsô: A Comparative Study
Aula orientalis: revista de estudios del Próximo Oriente Antiguo, 2018
[The paper provides a list of morphological innovations exclusively shared by Mlaḥsô and Ṭuroyo. ... more[The paper provides a list of morphological innovations exclusively shared by Mlaḥsô and Ṭuroyo. These point to the existence of a proto-Ṭuroyo/Mlaḥsô, which was not an ancestor of any other modern Aramaic language known to us. A study of the basic lexicon of Mlaḥsô, in comparison with that of Ṭuroyo and NENA, supplies a lexical dimension to the proto-Ṭuroyo/Mlaḥsô hypothesis. A second goal of the paper is to trace innovations and retentions of Mlaḥsô as compared with proto-Ṭuroyo/Mlaḥsô.]
Research paper thumbnail of An Aramaic Verb Form in a Neo-Babylonian Letter
Journal of Semitic Studies, 2023
This paper offers an interpretation of an insufficiently understood verb form in the Neo-Babyloni... moreThis paper offers an interpretation of an insufficiently understood verb form in the Neo-Babylonian letter OIP 114, 17:8, 29, thereby clarifying its contents. The word in question is shown to be an Aramaic verb form. This interpretation is supported by observations on the orthography and phonology of early Neo-Babylonian. It follows from the study that in eighth-century Neo-Babylonian two glottalized (‘emphatic’) consonants in the same word still underwent dissimilation, as in the second millennium bce (Geers’ law). The paper also demonstrates that, against communis opinio, erstwhile Aramaic fricative interdentals had shifted to stops by the eighth century bce, while the orthography of contemporaneous Aramaic alphabetic texts reflected an earlier stage of language evolution. This conclusion has been reached by means of comparing cuneiform renderings of proto-Semitic interdentals in West Semitic personal names in eighteenth-century bce Old Babylonian texts and in Neo-Babylonian texts...
Research paper thumbnail of A History of the Passive in Pre-modern Aramaic: An Outline
A History of the Passive in Pre-modern Aramaic: An Outline
Journal of Semitic Studies
In Proto-Aramaic, the passive of transitive verbs belonging to all three principal stems—G, D and... moreIn Proto-Aramaic, the passive of transitive verbs belonging to all three principal stems—G, D and C—was formed internally. Some verbs of the G- and D-stems also possessed detransitive derivatives. Transitive verbs of the G-, D- and C-stems lost their internal passives early on, and the passives of G- and D-verbs were encoded by their respective t-stems. Against this general Aramaic picture, in Imperial Aramaic the passive forms of the G-stem were in complementary distribution: the passive Past was encoded by the internal passive of the Suffix Conjugation (Gp SC), while the passive non-Past was rendered by the Gt participle and the Gt Prefix Conjugation. Gp SC stopped being used with Imperial Aramaic once it was replaced, as a written language, by vernacular-based literary varieties. The Ct-stem, non-existent in Imperial Aramaic, must have first emerged among spoken varieties of Aramaic in the first half of the first millennium bce, and only within I-w and II-w/y roots. Within the Im...
Research paper thumbnail of Gnostical Chapters of Aphnīmāran. East Syriac, West Syriac, and Arabic Manuscript Traditions
The present paper is divided into two parts. The first part contains a description of the manuscr... moreThe present paper is divided into two parts. The first part contains a description of the manuscript tradition of the Chapters on Knowledge of Rabban Aphnīmāran, an East Syriac mystical writer of the 7th c. For the first time a description of the West Syriac manuscript tradition of Rabban Aphnīmāran’s Chapters, as well as a description of the Arabic version of this text is provided (the Arabic version was identified in 2019 by the authors of the present paper). The second part contains an edition of the first thirteen chapters of Aphnīmāran’s work, as well as of the anonymous commentary on them, and a Russian translation of the Syriac and Arabic texts.
Research paper thumbnail of How the Neo-Assyrian Verb Works: Tense and Voice
Bēl Lišāni: papers in Akkadian Linguistics presented to John Huehnergard on the occasion of his retirement (Eisenbrauns Press)
The paper studies the expression of tense and voice in an Akkadian variety, Neo-Assyrian. The gra... moreThe paper studies the expression of tense and voice in an Akkadian variety, Neo-Assyrian. The grammatical reading of a given verb form results from the interaction of the lexical meaning of the verb in question with the grammatical semantics of the morphological form used. Starting from this observation, the authors single out five verbal classes of Neo-Assyrian, related to the values of dynamicity and transitivity.
TABLE 4.1. Paradigm of NA Transitive Verbs
Research paper thumbnail of Gnostical Chapters of Aphnīmāran. A New Evidence of the Controversy about whether the Humanity of Christ Can Contemplate His Divinity ("Главы о ведении" Афнимарана. Новое свидетельство полемики о том, может ли человечество Христа созерцать Его Божество)
The aim of the present paper is to introduce new data concerning the polemic that took place in t... moreThe aim of the present paper is to introduce new data concerning the polemic that took place in the VIII century C.E. and was related to the mystical movement in the Church of the East. This data are provided by an anonymous commentary on Chapters on the Knowledge which belong to rabban Aphnīmāran, an 7th century mystical writer. Among the problems the aforementioned polemic was related to, was the question on whether the humanity of Christ can see His divinity. For the positive answer on this question, John of Dalyāthā, a prominent mystical writer of the 8th century, was condemned by Catholicos Timatheos. In the commentary on the 90th chapter of rabban Aphnīmāran, an anonymous interpreter claims that the vision of God is the knowledge of God. As rabban Aphnīmāran calls the human nature of Christ “knowing” (yaddūʕtānā), the humanity of Christ inevitably contemplates His divinity, the author of the commentary concludes. In the present article, the text of this commentary is published and analyzed. One may see that the thesis on Jesus’ ability to contemplate the divine nature was not a particular opinion of John of Dalyāthā. This opinion was representative of East Syriac mystical movement (or at least of one of monastic traditions within this movement).
Research paper thumbnail of The Basic Lexicon of Mlaḥsô: A Comparative Study
Aula Orientalis, 2018
[The paper provides a list of morphological innovations exclusively shared by Mlaḥsô and Ṭuroyo. ... more[The paper provides a list of morphological innovations exclusively shared by Mlaḥsô and Ṭuroyo. These point to the existence of a proto-Ṭuroyo/Mlaḥsô, which was not an ancestor of any other modern Aramaic language known to us. A study of the basic lexicon of Mlaḥsô, in comparison with that of Ṭuroyo and NENA, supplies a lexical dimension to the proto-Ṭuroyo/Mlaḥsô hypothesis. A second goal of the paper is to trace innovations and retentions of Mlaḥsô as compared with proto-Ṭuroyo/Mlaḥsô.]
Research paper thumbnail of Lexical Sondergut of Neo-Assyrian // State Archives of Assyria Bulletin XXIII (2017), 1-46
This study addresses the words unique to the extant Neo-Assyrian corpus. All of them are listed i... moreThis study addresses the words unique to the extant Neo-Assyrian corpus. All of them are listed in the paper, with etymological and philological notes wherever feasible or appropriate. Two foci of the inquiry are innovations in the basic lexicon of Neo-Assyrian and productive rules of word-formation in this language.
Research paper thumbnail of The Gnostic Chapters of Joseph Ḥazzāyā: New Manuscript Evidence and Previously Unidentified Chapters ("Главы о ведении" Иосифа Хаззāйā: Новое рукописное свидетельство и ранее не идентифицированные главы)
The article deals with a collection of the 30 mystical chapters, which are known in two West-Syri... moreThe article deals with a collection of the 30 mystical chapters, which are known in two West-Syriac manuscripts, Harvard Syr. 42 and Pampakuda, Konat Syr. 303. This collection has been preserved within the corpus of the mystical works of John the Elder (John of Dalyāthā), an East-Syrian mystical writer of the 8th c. The authors provide a critical edition of the 30 chapters and suppose that initially they were extracted from the Capita scientiae of Joseph Hazzāyā, a contemporary of John the Elder. This attribution is confirmed by numerous parallels, both in style and mystical teaching, between the 30 chapters and the genuine works of Joseph.
Research paper thumbnail of Р. Бёлэ. Влияние творений Макария на восточносирийскую христианскую мистическую традицию (пер. Татьяны Сениной (мон. Кассии) под редакцией Г. М. Кесселя; при участии А. М. Преображенского и М. Г. Калинина)
Глава III из готовящегося к изданию русского перевода книги Beulay R. La Lumière sans forme. Intr... moreГлава III из готовящегося к изданию русского перевода книги Beulay R. La Lumière sans forme. Introduction à l’étude de la mystique chrétienne syro-orientale. Chevetogne, 1987. Здесь публикуется без добавления новейшей библиографии

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