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Tellurium

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Tellurium, 52Te
Tellurium
Pronunciation/tɪˈljʊəriəm/ ​(tih-LEWR-ee-əm)
Appearancesillery lustrous gray
Standard atomic weight Ar, std(Te)7002127600000000000♠127.60(3)[1]
Tellurium in theperiodic cairt
HydrogenHelium
LithiumBerylliumBoronCarbonNitrogenOxygenFluorineNeon
SodiumMagnesiumAluminiumSiliconPhosphorusSulfurChlorineArgon
PotassiumCalciumScandiumTitaniumVanadiumChromiumManganeseAirnCobaltNickelCapperZincGalliumGermaniumArsenicSeleniumBromineKrypton
RubidiumStrontiumYttriumZirconiumNiobiumMolybdenumTechnetiumRutheniumRhodiumPalladiumSiller (element)CadmiumIndiumTinAntimonyTelluriumIodineXenon
CaesiumBariumLanthanumCeriumPraseodymiumNeodymiumPromethiumSamariumEuropiumGadoliniumTerbiumDysprosiumHolmiumErbiumThuliumYtterbiumLutetiumHafniumTantalumTungstenRheniumOsmiumIridiumPlatinumGowdMercur (element)ThalliumLeid (element)BismuthPoloniumAstatineRadon
FranciumRadiumActiniumThoriumProtactiniumUraniumNeptuniumPlutoniumAmericiumCuriumBerkeliumCaliforniumEinsteiniumFermiumMendeleviumNobeliumLawrenciumRutherfordiumDubniumSeaborgiumBohriumHassiumMeitneriumDarmstadtiumRoentgeniumCoperniciumUnuntriumFleroviumUnunpentiumLivermoriumUnunseptiumUnunoctium
Se
↑
Te
↓
Po
antimony ←tellurium →iodine
Atomic nummer(Z)52
Groupgroup 16 (chalcogens)
Periodperiod 5
Blockp-block
Element category Metalloid
Electron confeeguration[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p4
Electrons per shell2, 8, 18, 18, 6
Pheesical properties
Phaseat STPsolit
Meltin pynt722.66 K ​(449.51 °C, ​841.12 °F)
Bylin pynt1261 K ​(988 °C, ​1810 °F)
Density (near r.t.)6.24 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.)5.70 g/cm3
Heat o fusion17.49 kJ/mol
Heat o vapourisation114.1 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity25.73 J/(mol·K)
Vapour pressur
P (Pa)1101001 k10 k100 k
at T (K)  (775)(888)10421266
Atomic properties
Oxidation states−2, −1, +1,+2, +3,+4, +5,+6 (a mildlyacidic oxide)
ElectronegativityPauling scale: 2.1
Atomic radiusempirical: 140 pm
Covalent radius138±4 pm
Van der Waals radius206 pm
Colour lines in a spectral range
Colour lines in a spectral range
Spectral lines o tellurium
Ither properties
Naitural occurrenceprimordial
Creestal structur ​hexagonal[2]
Hexagonal creestal structur for tellurium
Speed o soond thin rod2610 m/s (at 20 °C)
Thermal conductivity(1.97–3.38) W/(m·K)
Magnetic orderindiamagnetic[3]
Young's modulus43 GPa
Shear modulus16 GPa
Bulk modulus65 GPa
Mohs haurdness2.25
Brinell haurdness180 MPa
CAS Nummer13494-80-9
History
DiskiveryFranz-Joseph Müller von Reichenstein (1782)
First isolationMartin Heinrich Klaproth
Mainisotopes o tellurium
Iso­topeAbun­danceHauf-life(t1/2)Decay modePro­duct
120Te0.09%>2.2×1016y(β+β+)120Sn
121Tesyn16.78dε121Sb
122Te2.55%-(SF)
123Te0.89%>5×1019y(ε)123Sb
124Te4.74%-(SF)
125Te7.07%-(SF)
126Te18.84%-(SF)
127Tesyn9.35hβ−127I
128Te31.74%2.2×1024yβ−β−128Xe
129Tesyn69.6minβ−129I
130Te34.08%7.9×1020yβ−β−130Xe
Decay modes in parentheses are predictit, but hae nae yet been observed
| references

Tellurium is achemical element wi seembol Te anatomic nummer 52. A brickle, mildly toxic, rare, siller-whitemetalloid that looks seemilar taetin, tellurium is chemically relatit taeselenium ansulphur. It is occasionally foond in native furm, as elemental crystals. Tellurium is far mair common in the universe as a hale nor it is on Yird. Its extremerarity in the Yird's crust, comparable tae that oplatinum, is pairtly due tae its heich atomic nummer, but it's forbye due tae its furmation o a volatilehydride that caused the element tae be lost tae space as a gas in the het nebular formation o the planet.

References

[eedit |eedit soorce]
  1. ↑Meija, Juris; et al. (2016)."Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report)".Pure and Applied Chemistry.88 (3): 265–91.doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305.
  2. ↑Tellurium, mindat.org
  3. ↑Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds, in Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 81st edition, CRC press.
Theperiodic cairt o the elements
H He
LiBe BCNOFNe
NaMg AlSiPSClAr
KCa ScTiVCrMnFeCoNiCuZnGaGeAsSeBrKr
RbSr YZrNbMoTcRuRhPdAgCdInSnSbTeIXe
CsBaLaCePrNdPmSmEuGdTbDyHoErTmYbLuHfTaWReOsIrPtAuHgTlPbBiPoAtRn
FrRaAcThPaUNpPuAmCmBkCfEsFmMdNoLrRfDbSgBhHsMtDsRgCnNhFlMcLvTsOg
 
Alkali metalsAlkaline yird metalsLanthanidesActinoidsTranseetion elementsIthermetalsMetalloidsIthernane-metalsHalogensNoble gasesUnkent chemical properties
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