The Communist takeower o continental Cheenae in theCheenese Ceevil War in 1949 an later Hainan,Tachen an ither ootlyin islands in the 1950s left the rulin Kuomintang (KMT) wi control ower anerlie Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen, Matsu, an ither minor isles. The KMT declaredTaipei theproveesional caipital an foondit the Fowkrepublic o Cheenae inBeijing, leadin tae twa rival govrenments claimin tae be the sole legitimate govrenment o Cheenae. Houiver, till the 1970s the ROC wis still recognised bi mony kintras an the Unitit Naitions as the sole legitimate govrenment o baith mainland Cheenae an Taiwan. The ROC haed been a foondin member o theUnitit Naitions an ane o the five permanent memmers o theSecurity Cooncil till 1971, when Cheenae's representative wis replaced bi the FRC viaUN General Assembly Resolution 2758.
The FRC disna recognise the legitimacy o the ROC an claims Taiwan as a pairt o the FRC's territory, despite niver haein controllt it. It seeks tae "unify" Taiwan unner the formula oane kintra, twa systems an reserves the authority tae uise military force (seeAnti-Secession Law). The Republic o Cheenae rejects the PRC's claim an views itself as asovereign state. This tension atween the twa states colours maist o the poleetical life in Taiwan, an ony attempt at declarin aTaiwanese republic in place o the Republic o Cheenae is met wi threats frae the FRC. The FRC govrenment refuses tae hae diplomatic relations wi kintras which recognise the Republic o Cheenae an opposes the ROC takin pairt in organisations whaur stateheid is required; sicweys, as o 2010, anerlie 23 sovereign states hae formal diplomatic relations wi the ROC, tho maist ithers retain unoffeecial exchynges wi the ROC (e.g. theAmerican Institute in Taiwan) that are diplomatic aw but in name.
↑ This disna include ceetizens o the Fowkrepublic o Cheenae that mair recently muived tae Taiwan. Some Waishengren are an a Hakka or Hokkien, an smaw minority are nae Han but Manchu, Mongol etc.
↑The UN has not calculated an HDI for the ROC, which is not a member nation. The ROC government calculated its HDI for 2014 to be 0.882, which would rank it 25th among countries.[13]
↑人類發展指數(HDI)[Human Development Index (HDI)].National Statistics, Republic of China (Taiwan) (in Chinese). Directorate General of Budget, Accounting and Statistics, Executive Yuan, R.O.C. 15 September 2014.CS1 maint: unrecognised leid (link)
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