Louis Pasteur (French:[lwi pastœʁ]; 27 December 1822 – 28 September 1895) wis aFrenchchemist anmicrobiologist renained for his diskiveries o the principles ovaccination,microbial fermentation anpasteurisation. He is remembered for his remerkable brakthrous in the causes an prevention odiseases, an his diskiveries hae sauft mony lifes iver syne. He reduced mortality fraepuerperal fiver, an creatit the first vaccines forrabies ananthrax. His medical diskiveries providit direct support for thegerm theory o disease an its application in clinical medicine. He is best kent to the general public for his invention o the technique o treatinmilk anwine tae stap bacterial contamination, a process nou criedpasteurisation. He is regairdit as ane o the three main foonders obacteriology, thegither wiFerdinand Cohn anRobert Koch, an is popularly kent as the "faither o microbiology".[3][4][5]
Pasteur wis responsible for disprovin the doctrine ospontaneous generation. He performed experiments that shawed that withoot contamination, microorganisms coud nae develop. Unner the auspices o theFrench Academy o Sciences, he demonstratit that in sterilised an sealed flasks naething iver developit, an in sterilised but appen flasks microorganisms coud growe.[6] Awtho Pasteur wis nae the first tae propone thegerm theory, his experiments indicatit its correctness an convinced maist o Europe that it wis true. The day, he is eften regairdit as ane o the faithers o germ theory.[7] Pasteur made signeeficantdiskiveries in chemistry, maist notably on the molecular basis for theasymmetry o certaintcreestals anracemisation. Early in his career, his investigation otartaric acid resulted in the first resolution o whit is nou criedoptical isomers. His wark led the wey tae the current unnerstaundin o a fundamental principle in the structur o organic compounds.
He wis the director o thePasteur Institute, established in 1887, till his daith, an his bouk wis interred in a vaut aneath the institute. Awtho Pasteur made grundbrakin experiments, his reputation becam associatit wi various controversies. Historical reassessment o his notebeuk revealed that he practiced deception tae owercome his rivals.[8][9]
