| Liliales | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Lilium martagon (Martagon lily) | |
Scientific classification | |
| Kinrick: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Monocots |
| Order: | Liliales Perleb (1826)[1] |
| Teep species | |
| Lilium candidumL. | |
| Faimilies | |
Alstroemeriaceae | |
Liliales is an order omonocotyledonousflouerin plants. This order o necessity includes the faimilyLiliaceae, but baith the faimily an the order hae haed a widely disputit history, wi the circumscription varyin greatly frae ane taxonomist tae another. Weel kent plants frae the order includeLilium (lily),tulip, the North American wildflouerTrillium, angreenbrier.
TheAPG III seestem (2009) places this order in the clademonocots. In APG III, the faimilyLuzuriagaceae is combined wi the faimilyAlstroemeriaceae an the faimilyPetermanniaceae is recognized. APG III uises this circumscription:
Thus circumscribed, this order consists maistly oyerbaceous plants, but lianas an shrubs occur. They are maistlyperennial plants, wi fuid storage organs such ascorms orrhizomes. The faimily Corsiaceae is notable for beinheterotrophs.
The order haes warldwide distribution. The lairger faimilies (wi mair nor 100 species) are roughly confined tae theNorthren Hemisphere, or are distributit warldwide, centerin on the north. On the ether haund, the smaller faimilies (wi up tae 10 species) are confined tae theSouthren Hemisphere, or sometimes just taeAustralie orSooth Americae. The tot nummer o species in the order is nou aboot 1300.
As wi anyyerbaceous group, thefossil record o the Liliales is rather scarce. There are several species frae theEocene, such asPetermanniopsis anglesaensis orSmilax, but their identification is nae definite. Another kent fossil isRipogonum scandens frae theMiocene. Due tae the scarcity o data, it seems impossible tae determine precisely the age an the initial distribution o the order. It is assumed that the Liliales originate frae the LowerCretaceous, ower 100 million years ago. The initial diversification tae the faimilies teuk place atween 82 an 48 million years ago (Vinnersten an Bremer, 2001).
TheAPG II seestem (2003) places this order in the clademonocots an uises this circumscription:
TheAPG seestem (1998) also placed the order in the clade monocots, but wi a slightly different circumscription (missin the faimily Corsiaceae):
TheCronquist seestem (1981) placed the order in subclassLiliidae in the classLiliopsida [= monocotyledons] o diveesionMagnoliophyta [= angiosperms]. It uised a much wider circumscription (mony o the plants here are assigned taeAsparagales anDioscoreales bi APG II):
TheThorne seestem (1992) placed the order in superorderLilianae in subclassLiliidae [= monocotyledons ] o classMagnoliopsida [= dicotyledons] an uised this circumscription:
TheDahlgren seestem placed the order in superorder Lilianae in subclass Liliidae [= monocotyledons] o class Magnoliopsida [= angiosperms] an uised this circumscription:
In theEngler seestem (1964 update) a similar order wis namedLiliiflorae, placed in the classMonocotyledoneae o the subdiveesionAngiospermae.
TheWettstein seestem, last revised in 1935, uised names similar tae those in the Engler seestem: the order wis named Liliiflorae placed in the class Monocotyledones o the subdivision Angiospermae. In circumscription the order wis fairly similar tae that o Cronquist.
Earlier names for this order include the Coronarieae o theBentham & Hooker seestem.
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