Sub Habsburgi, Spania a dominat Europa politic și militar, pentru o bună perioadă din secolele al XVI-lea și al XVII-lea, dar a cunoscut un declin gradual a influenței în a doua perioadă a secolului al XVII-lea, sub ultimii regi Habsburgi.
O hartă a dominioanelor Habsburgilor dupăBatălia de la Mühlberg (1547) reprezentată înThe Cambridge Modern History Atlas (1912); pământurile Habsburgilor sunt colorate în verde.Joanna a Castiliei
^Monarquía de España este termentul utilizat de istoricul Pedro de Salazar y Mendoza (d. 1629) în lucrările sale referitor la istoria Spaniei (ed. 1770).
Armstrong, Edward (1902).The Emperor Charles V. New York: The Macmillan Company
Black, Jeremy (1996).The Cambridge Illustrated Atlas of Warfare: Renaissance to Revolution. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.ISBN 0-521-47033-1
Braudel, Fernand (1972).The Mediterranean and the Mediterranean World in the Age of Philip II, trans. Siân Reynolds. New York: Harper & Row.ISBN 0-06-090566-2
Brown, J. and Elliott, J. H. (1980).A palace for a king. The Buen Retiro and the Court of Philip IV. New Haven: Yale University Press
Brown, Jonathan (1998).Painting in Spain: 1500–1700. New Haven: Yale University Press.ISBN 0-300-06472-1
Dominguez Ortiz, Antonio (1971).The golden age of Spain, 1516–1659. Oxford: Oxford University Press.ISBN 0-297-00405-0
Edwards, John (2000).The Spain of the Catholic Monarchs, 1474–1520. New York: Blackwell.ISBN 0-631-16165-1
Harman, Alec (1969).Late Renaissance and Baroque music. New York: Schocken Books.
Kamen, Henry (1998).Philip of Spain. New Haven and London: Yale University Press.ISBN 0-300-07800-5
Kamen, Henry (2003).Empire: How Spain Became a World Power, 1492–1763. New York: HarperCollins.ISBN 0-06-093264-3
Kamen, Henry (2005).Spain 1469–1714. A Society of Conflict (3rd ed.) London and New York: Pearson Longman.ISBN 0-582-78464-6
Parker, Geoffrey (1997).The Thirty Years' War (2nd ed.). New York: Routledge.ISBN 0-415-12883-8
Parker, Geoffrey (1972).The Army of Flanders and the Spanish road, 1567–1659; the logistics of Spanish victory and defeat in the Low Countries' Wars.. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.ISBN 0-521-08462-8
Parker, Geoffrey (1977).The Dutch revolt. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.ISBN 0-8014-1136-X
Parker, Geoffrey (1978).Philip II. Boston: Little, Brown.ISBN 0-316-69080-5
Parker, Geoffrey (1997).The General Crisis of the Seventeenth Century. New York: Routledge.ISBN 0-415-16518-0
Stradling, R. A. (1988).Philip IV and the Government of Spain. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.ISBN 0-521-32333-9
Various (1983).Historia de la literatura espanola. Barcelona: Editorial Ariel
Gallardo, Alexander (2002), "Spanish Economics in the 16th Century: Theory, Policy, and Practice", Lincoln, NE:Writiers Club Press,2002.ISBN 0-595-26036-5.
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