ESP8266 NodeMCU Static/Fixed IP Address (Arduino IDE)
This tutorial shows how to set a static/fixed IP address for your ESP8266 NodeMCU board. If you’re running a web server or Wi-Fi client with your ESP8266 and every time you restart your board, it has a new IP address, you can follow this tutorial to assign a static/fixed IP address.
Static/Fixed IP Address Sketch
To show you how to fix your ESP8266 IP address, we’ll use theESP8266 Web Sever code as an example. By the end of our explanation you should be able to fix your IP address regardless of the web server or Wi-Fi project you’re building.
Copy the code below to your Arduino IDE, but don’t upload it yet. You need to make some changes to make it work for you.
Note: if you upload the next sketch to your ESP8266 board, it should automatically assign the fixed IP address192.168.1.184.
/********* Rui Santos Complete project details at https://RandomNerdTutorials.com/esp8266-nodemcu-static-fixed-ip-address-arduino/*********/// Load Wi-Fi library#include <ESP8266WiFi.h>// Replace with your network credentialsconst char* ssid = "REPLACE_WITH_YOUR_SSID";const char* password = "REPLACE_WITH_YOUR_PASSWORD";// Set web server port number to 80WiFiServer server(80);// Variable to store the HTTP requestString header;// Auxiliar variables to store the current output stateString output5State = "off";String output4State = "off";// Assign output variables to GPIO pinsconst int output5 = 5;const int output4 = 4;// Current timeunsigned long currentTime = millis();// Previous timeunsigned long previousTime = 0; // Define timeout time in milliseconds (example: 2000ms = 2s)const long timeoutTime = 2000;// Set your Static IP addressIPAddress local_IP(192, 168, 1, 184);// Set your Gateway IP addressIPAddress gateway(192, 168, 1, 1);IPAddress subnet(255, 255, 0, 0);IPAddress primaryDNS(8, 8, 8, 8); //optionalIPAddress secondaryDNS(8, 8, 4, 4); //optionalvoid setup() { Serial.begin(115200); // Initialize the output variables as outputs pinMode(output5, OUTPUT); pinMode(output4, OUTPUT); // Set outputs to LOW digitalWrite(output5, LOW); digitalWrite(output4, LOW); // Configures static IP address if (!WiFi.config(local_IP, gateway, subnet, primaryDNS, secondaryDNS)) { Serial.println("STA Failed to configure"); } // Connect to Wi-Fi network with SSID and password Serial.print("Connecting to "); Serial.println(ssid); WiFi.begin(ssid, password); while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) { delay(500); Serial.print("."); } // Print local IP address and start web server Serial.println(""); Serial.println("WiFi connected."); Serial.println("IP address: "); Serial.println(WiFi.localIP()); server.begin();}void loop(){ WiFiClient client = server.available(); // Listen for incoming clients if (client) { // If a new client connects, Serial.println("New Client."); // print a message out in the serial port String currentLine = ""; // make a String to hold incoming data from the client currentTime = millis(); previousTime = currentTime; while (client.connected() && currentTime - previousTime <= timeoutTime) { // loop while the client's connected currentTime = millis(); if (client.available()) { // if there's bytes to read from the client, char c = client.read(); // read a byte, then Serial.write(c); // print it out the serial monitor header += c; if (c == '\n') { // if the byte is a newline character // if the current line is blank, you got two newline characters in a row. // that's the end of the client HTTP request, so send a response: if (currentLine.length() == 0) { // HTTP headers always start with a response code (e.g. HTTP/1.1 200 OK) // and a content-type so the client knows what's coming, then a blank line: client.println("HTTP/1.1 200 OK"); client.println("Content-type:text/html"); client.println("Connection: close"); client.println(); // turns the GPIOs on and off if (header.indexOf("GET /5/on") >= 0) { Serial.println("GPIO 5 on"); output5State = "on"; digitalWrite(output5, HIGH); } else if (header.indexOf("GET /5/off") >= 0) { Serial.println("GPIO 5 off"); output5State = "off"; digitalWrite(output5, LOW); } else if (header.indexOf("GET /4/on") >= 0) { Serial.println("GPIO 4 on"); output4State = "on"; digitalWrite(output4, HIGH); } else if (header.indexOf("GET /4/off") >= 0) { Serial.println("GPIO 4 off"); output4State = "off"; digitalWrite(output4, LOW); } // Display the HTML web page client.println("<!DOCTYPE html><html>"); client.println("<head><meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=1\">"); client.println("<link rel=\"icon\" href=\"data:,\">"); // CSS to style the on/off buttons // Feel free to change the background-color and font-size attributes to fit your preferences client.println("<style>html { font-family: Helvetica; display: inline-block; margin: 0px auto; text-align: center;}"); client.println(".button { background-color: #195B6A; border: none; color: white; padding: 16px 40px;"); client.println("text-decoration: none; font-size: 30px; margin: 2px; cursor: pointer;}"); client.println(".button2 {background-color: #77878A;}</style></head>"); // Web Page Heading client.println("<body><h1>ESP8266 Web Server</h1>"); // Display current state, and ON/OFF buttons for GPIO 5 client.println("<p>GPIO 5 - State " + output5State + "</p>"); // If the output5State is off, it displays the ON button if (output5State=="off") { client.println("<p><a href=\"/5/on\"><button class=\"button\">ON</button></a></p>"); } else { client.println("<p><a href=\"/5/off\"><button class=\"button button2\">OFF</button></a></p>"); } // Display current state, and ON/OFF buttons for GPIO 4 client.println("<p>GPIO 4 - State " + output4State + "</p>"); // If the output4State is off, it displays the ON button if (output4State=="off") { client.println("<p><a href=\"/4/on\"><button class=\"button\">ON</button></a></p>"); } else { client.println("<p><a href=\"/4/off\"><button class=\"button button2\">OFF</button></a></p>"); } client.println("</body></html>"); // The HTTP response ends with another blank line client.println(); // Break out of the while loop break; } else { // if you got a newline, then clear currentLine currentLine = ""; } } else if (c != '\r') { // if you got anything else but a carriage return character, currentLine += c; // add it to the end of the currentLine } } } // Clear the header variable header = ""; // Close the connection client.stop(); Serial.println("Client disconnected."); Serial.println(""); }}Setting Your Network Credentials
You need to modify the following lines with your network credentials: SSID and password.
// Replace with your network credentialsconst char* ssid = "REPLACE_WITH_YOUR_SSID";const char* password = "REPLACE_WITH_YOUR_PASSWORD";Setting ESP8266 Static IP Address
Then, outside thesetup() andloop() functions, you define the following variables with your own static IP address and corresponding gateway IP address.
By default, the next code assigns the IP address192.168.1.184 that works in the gateway192.168.1.1.
// Set your Static IP addressIPAddress local_IP(192, 168, 1, 184);// Set your Gateway IP addressIPAddress gateway(192, 168, 1, 1);IPAddress subnet(255, 255, 0, 0);IPAddress primaryDNS(8, 8, 8, 8); // optionalIPAddress secondaryDNS(8, 8, 4, 4); // optionalImportant: you need to use an available IP address in your local network and the corresponding gateway.
setup()
In thesetup() you need to call theWiFi.config() method to assign the configurations to your ESP8266.
// Configures static IP addressif (!WiFi.config(local_IP, gateway, subnet, primaryDNS, secondaryDNS)) { Serial.println("STA Failed to configure");}Note: theprimaryDNSandsecondaryDNSparameters are optional and you can remove them.
Testing
After uploading the code to your board, open the Arduino IDE Serial Monitor at the baud rate 115200, restart your ESP8266 board and the IP address defined earlier should be assigned to your board.
As you can see, it prints the IP address192.168.1.184.
You can take this example and add it to all your Wi-Fi sketches to assign a fixed IP address to your ESP8266.
Assigning IP Address with MAC Address
If you’ve tried to assign a fixed IP address to the ESP8266 using the previous example and it doesn’t work, we recommend assigning an IP address directly in your router settings through theESP8266 MAC Address.
Upload the following code to the ESP8266 board:
/* Rui Santos & Sara Santos - Random Nerd Tutorials Complete project details at https://RandomNerdTutorials.com/get-change-esp32-esp8266-mac-address-arduino/ Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files. The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.*/#ifdef ESP32 #include <WiFi.h> #include <esp_wifi.h>#else #include <ESP8266WiFi.h>#endifvoid setup(){ Serial.begin(115200); Serial.print("ESP Board MAC Address: "); #ifdef ESP32 WiFi.mode(WIFI_STA); WiFi.STA.begin(); uint8_t baseMac[6]; esp_err_t ret = esp_wifi_get_mac(WIFI_IF_STA, baseMac); if (ret == ESP_OK) { Serial.printf("%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x\n", baseMac[0], baseMac[1], baseMac[2], baseMac[3], baseMac[4], baseMac[5]); } else { Serial.println("Failed to read MAC address"); } #else Serial.println(WiFi.macAddress()); #endif} void loop(){}In thesetup(), it prints the ESP8266 MAC Address in the Serial Monitor:
// Print ESP MAC AddressSerial.println("MAC address: ");Serial.println(WiFi.macAddress());
In our case, the ESP8266 MAC Address isB4:E6:2D:97:EE:F1. Copy the MAC Address, because you’ll need it in just a moment.
Router Settings
If you login into your router admin page, there should be a page/menu where you can assign an IP address to a network device. Each router has different menus and configurations. So, we can’t provide instructions on how do to it for all the available routers.
We recommend Googling “assign IP address to MAC address” followed by your router name. You should find some instructions that show how to assign the IP to a MAC address for your specific router.
In summary, if you go to your router configurations menu, you should be able to assign your desired IP address to your ESP8266 MAC address (for example B4:E6:2D:97:EE:F1).
Wrapping Up
After following this tutorial you should be able to assign a fixed/static IP address to your ESP8266. If you have an ESP32, you can read this guideSet ESP32 Static/Fixed IP Address.
We hope you’ve found this tutorial useful. If you like ESP8266, you may also like:
- Home Automation Using ESP8266
- MicroPython Programming with ESP32 and ESP8266
- More ESP8266 NodeMCU Projects and Tutorials …
Thanks for reading.
Recommended Resources
Build a Home Automation System from Scratch » With Raspberry Pi, ESP8266, Arduino, and Node-RED.
Home Automation using ESP8266 eBook and video course » Build IoT and home automation projects.
Arduino Step-by-Step Projects »Build 25 Arduino projects with our course, even with no prior experience!
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29 thoughts on “ESP8266 NodeMCU Static/Fixed IP Address (Arduino IDE)”
Thanks for the code Sara. Good like always.
ReplyThanks a lot.
ReplyYou make my Day. 🙂
Reply
Hands in the air for you
Regards
/ Peter
(Sweden)Thank you very much for such excellent tutorials, I would like to know how you can configure the ESP parameters (ssid, pass and fixed ip) from a page or application
Replyhello how to get gateway address and set the ip address according to it. i mean if gateway is 192.168.0.1 then local ip should be 192.168.0.2 and if gateway is 192.168.1.1 then local ip should be 192.168.1.2,plz help
ReplyThanks a lot for your tutorials, they are always a great help for me.
Reply
This time I’ve a problem and maybe you know how to fix it.
I loaded in my NodeMCU your code and, if my router is turned on, it works perfectly.
What is strange is that, if my router is turned off, the board send to the serial monitor the same message as il was connected to the router, and this is obviosly impossible.
Any idea will be apreciate…
Thanks again.your tutorials are just awesome, informative, and well documented.thank you so much for sharing the knowledge. I wish you the best of luck in all that you do.
ReplyThank you for your useful tutorials!
However, I had a problem with this one: whenever I used a static IP configuration, connection would fail. The ESP8266 would get an IP address but fail to connect to a host. The problem was the ‘subnet’ parameter, which – on my setup – should be the local subnetaddress, not the netmask. For example, if all of your hosts are on 192.168.1.x then ‘subnet’ should be 192.168.1.0. It all worked fine after I changed that tiny thing. I reckon that most people use dynamic IP addresses, or someone would surely have spotted this.
ReplyFirst, it not worked when I have written “WiFi.config” below “while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED)”, after assuming that the MCU executes instructions from up to down, the funny thing is that I heard that compiler verifies program from last to first line, so I used to think the same fom execution, whatever, then I shifed “WiFi.config” above and it worked but… this time It was not accessible I don’t know why, I think there are some protocols for IP, gateway, subnet, DNS etc., I had chnaged IP from 192.168.78.92 to 192.168.1.92 and it worked but I wanted to set it 78.92, but its okay, I know its possible, say me if you get time, thank you very much.
ReplyA bit of warning about using static IP without DNS servers. I found that ezTime NTP library do not work if there is no DNS provided, probably do not lookup for ntp servers, so keep it in mind while setting static IP
ReplyI wonder if the new routers have become more critical with connection of new devices. This static IP helps with my new router, but then I cannot get connection to Gmail SMTP server.
ReplyHi there guys, the code is uploading to my board correctly but it’s just not showing me the IP address like it fails to connect to the Wi-Fi, it was worked once before so I know it is possible but no matter how many tries it’s not working again.
-Yes I’ve checked the baud rate for the serial monitor
-Yes my password and SSID is correctI need to get this to work for a school project. Your tutorials have been very helpful so far and I’m quite annoyed that I didn’t find it sooner!!
ReplyHiii, im using a websocket server on nodemcu connecting to a website. When im running the client code on the same computer connected to same wifi it works but when it’s connected to a different wifi im getting and error and I’m not able to connect to the server that is on nodemcu. Do you have any solution for it?
ReplyHi,I’m 14 from Taiwan,Thank you so much for your tutorial ,could you tell me if this will also work in AP mode?Thanks!
Replyuploade-connected to wifi too but when load the local adress unable to connect and program html page never loaded
ReplyHi, I want to add this to another tutorial of yours namely: ESP8266 NodeMCU Relay Module – Control AC Appliances (Web Server)
Reply
However, I receive many errors, guessing it is code clashing. I need to control appliances from my website but the IPs keeps changingHi and thanks for the tutorial. A question, though. When you upload your next sketch to your ESP8266, is it not going to wipe out the previous sketch that was used to set the static IP?
Reply
Thanks for clearing this up!
Doug
