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University of MichiganMiddle English Compendium

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    Oxford English Dictionary

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    Language abbreviation key

    OE
    Old English

    Middle English Dictionary Entry

    rīsen v.
    Quotations:Show allHide all

    Entry Info

    Formsrīsen v. Alsoris(e,risse(n,rice,rihs. Forms: sg.3rīseth, etc. &rīsiȝt,rist,rīs; p.rōs(e,rosse,rois(e, (chiefly N)rās(e,rasse, (N)rais(e &rī̆sed,rist(e & (?error)raes; sg.2rōs,rẹ̄se,rōsist, (N)rās(e &rī̆sedist; pl.rōs,rose(n,rosse,risen,risse(n,rẹ̄se(n,rẹ̄son,rẹ̄sun &rīsed(en & (early ?error)rese; ppl.i)rise,risen,rison,risun,risse(n,rẹ̄sen,ressen.
    EtymologyOEge)rīsan, p.sg.rās, pl.rison, ppl.ge)risen.

    Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)

    Note:Cp.arisen v.
    1.
    (a) To stand up, rise to one's feet from a sitting, kneeling, or reclining position; get up from table; of an animal: get to its feet; of a toad: rear up (from a crouching position);~ ayen (biforen), stand up to greet or honor (sb.); (b)~ togeder, to stand up together; -- transl. of Lconsurgere;~ up, stand up; -- also refl.;up..~ awei, get up and go away; (c)~ after, to survive, live;~ never (after, ~ never up, up..) ~ never-more, perish, be dead.

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    2.
    (a) To rise from sleep, get out of bed; wake up, rouse; -- also refl.; (b)~ oute, to awaken; -- transl. of Lexsurgere;~ togeder, rise from sleep; -- transl. of Lconsurgere;~ up, get up; -- also refl.

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    3.
    (a) To rise from the dead, come to life again, be resurrected;~ from (of) deth, ~ from ded;~ to (unto) lif, ~ to blisse, rise from death to everlasting life (bliss);ben risen; (b)~ ayen, to come to life again, be resurrected;~ up, rise up from the dead; -- also refl.;don ~ up, raise (sb.) from the dead.

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    4.
    (a) To be moved from a lower to a higher position, move upward, ascend; of skin: separate from the body; of bees: fly up into the air; of smoke, fumes, odor, etc.: waft upward, rise; alsofig.; of foam, scum: come to the surface of a liquid;~ togeder, ascend; -- transl. of Lconsurgere;~ up;risinge up as adj.: ascending; (b) of a heavenly body: to appear above the horizon, rise; of the sun's rays: spread upward from the horizon, appear; alsofig.; of the day: dawn; of dawn: break;~ up; (c) to extend upward; of land: slope upward; be elevated; also, heave up; (d) to become erect; of hair: stand on end; (e) of water, waves, a flood: to swell, become higher, rise; of the sea: become stormy, become rough; (f)med. of tissues, the dura mater: to swell; of the womb: swell with pregnancy;ben risen up, be swollen; (g)anat. of a nose: to be humped;ppl.risinge as adj.: curved, rounded.

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    5.
    (a) To rise in fortune (rank, wealth, etc.), prosper; achieve eminence, become prominent;~ up; (b) of a city: to recover from being sacked, be rebuilt; of a nation: become powerful, recover from disaster;~ togeder, rise; -- transl. of Lconsurgere;~ up; (c) to rise to a higher or more perfect moral or spiritual state; arise after a moral or spiritual fall;~ from (of, oute of), rise from (sin, etc.);~ up (upward).

    Associated quotations

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    • c1300Lay.Brut(Otho C.13)993:Þe Engles ouer-come þe Brutuns and brohte heom vnder fote þat neuere seoþþe hii na rese.
    • c1300Lay.Brut(Otho C.13)4700:Þus Portchestre to-reos and neuere suþþe na ros.
    • (c1384)WBible(1)(Dc 369(2))Dan.2.39:After thee an other rewme shal ryse to gydre [L consurget], lesse than thou.
    • a1450(a1338)MannyngChron.Pt.1(Lamb 131)15597:Þyse Englische scul haue so gret pride..ffor þer kynde so ryst on heyghte Þat non of oures dar wyþ þem feighte.
    • a1500Chartier Quad.(2)(Rwl A.338)184/18:We fynde in the Romayn histories of many evile aduentoures fallen vnto them which fortune oftymes haue brought full lough, but thei..haue vertuousely rysen vp [F se ressourdoient] ayein with their labour an stablenesse.
    • a1500Chartier Treat.Hope(Rwl A.338)103/35:Thou maist rede hough Athenes, Lacedemoyn, and Thebes war oftintymes put in seruage, desolate and distroyed in the tyme of Ȝertes, of Philipe, and of Alisaundre, which aftirwarde risen ageyn and wer in grette prosperite and glorie.
    c
    6.
    (a) To emerge, come out; of an animal: issue from a lair or covert;~ up; (b)~ togeder to, to seek after (sb.); -- transl. of Lconsurgere;don ~ to that sinne, impel (sb.) to that sin; (c)ben risinge to, of advantage, profit: to accrue to (sb.).

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    7.
    (a) To increase in number or amount; of a price: rise;~ up, mount up; (b)mus. to rise in pitch.

    Associated quotations

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    • c1175Orm.(Jun 1)11262:Ȝiff þu takesst onn att an & tellesst forþ till fowwre, Þa riseþþ upp þin tale anan Inntill þe tale off tene.
    • a1400(a1325)Cursor(Vsp A.3)5865:Þai rise and bredes ai mare and mare, Bot wel mare if þai idel ware.
    • (1439)RParl.5.31a:For as muche as Corne hath..nat growen so plenteueusly as it dede before the Statut, but the price therof risen and enhaunsed..above the price in the said Statut rehersed, ther was maad a restreint.
    • a1450(a1338)MannyngChron.Pt.1(Lamb 131)1257:When we ben fewe, þey schol be manye; ȝyf we ought falle, & þey ought ryse, þey schul til vs do swylk iustise þat alle our Troiens ilkon schold deye.
    b
    8.
    (a) To be stirred by emotion; of the heart: become joyful; be moved; of fleshly desire: be roused;~ in (in-to) pride, become arrogant; (b)~ in-to (upon), of emotion, envy, malice, etc.: to come over (sb.), affect.

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    9.
    (a) To rebel, revolt, make a civil uprising;~ ayen (ayenes, on, upon), revolt against (sb., a kingdom, etc.);~ ayen pes, make an uprising in breach of the peace;~ up;~ with, rise in rebellion with (sb.);ben risen, be in rebellion; (b) to make an assault, attack to kill; resist, make a fight [quot.: c1450]; also, make a verbal attack, slander;~ ayen (ayenes, in-to, on, to, upon, yen), attack (sb.);refl.~ ayen, war against oneself or one's inclinations;~ up; (c) to break out from an ambush; join battle, make war;~ in (in-to, to) bataille;~ up; (d)ppl.risinge as noun: one who attacks.

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    10.
    To get busy, stir oneself; -- esp. in impv. or with inf. orthat clause; take action;~ in dom, rise in judgment (on sb.);~ up.

    Associated quotations

    11.
    (a) To come into existence, originate, begin; also, result (from sth.); of suspicion: arise;~ upon, be founded upon (sth.) [quot.: c1443]; (b) of persons: to be born; also, appear, come on the scene;~ oute, arise, appear; -- transl. of Lexsurgere;~ up; (c) of plants: to grow, shoot up; alsofig.;~ upon, grow up;?sone risinge, growing, ripening; (d) of a river: to have its source, take its origin; (e) of wind: to begin to blow; of a storm, storm cloud, etc.: come up, arise; of fire: begin to burn;~ up; (f)med. of apostemes, pustules, etc.: to appear on the surface of the skin, erupt; of a morbid condition: arise, develop;~ ayen, appear again, recur; (g)pathol.ppl.risinge as adj.: ?virulent, rebellious, uprising.

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    • (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)99a/b:Impetigo is an oþer yuel þan serpigo, for impetigo comeþ of more risinge [L impetuosa] & more fury matiere, for it comeþ of colera..& moueþ alwey vpward as fuyre.
    12.
    (a) To occur, happen, come to pass; take place; of circumstances: arise; (b) to seem, appear.

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    • c1400(?c1380)Pearl(Nero A.10)103:I welke ay forth in wely wyse..Þe fyrre in þe fryth, þe feier con ryse Þe playn, þe plonttez, þe spyse, þe perez.
    13.
    (a) Of noise, an outcry, etc.: to strike upon the ear; arise, be made; (b) of rumor, report, slander, complaint, etc.: to become current, be spread abroad, be voiced; (c) ?to raise the voice, make noise.

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    • a1450Ben.Rule(2)(Vsp A.25)1075:Al if vs aw litil to say And in laghing not rudely rise Ȝit es gude..we vs avise To say our wil in wordes foune.

    Associated quotations

    15.
    = reisen v.(1): (a) To restore (sb.) to life again;~ to lif;~ up agein; (b)~ up, to lift up (the eyes); (c) to rebuild (a structure), restore; (d) to produce (sth.); (e) to raise (sb.) to a high position; (f) to set up (legs and wings of a cooked bird) in a certain position for serving.

    Associated quotations

    a
    • (a1460)BokenhamSts.(Adv Abbotsford B3)123.57 (v.2:p.313):Whoos body was brough .. byforn hyre feet for that entent that she shulde rysys hym vp agayn from deth to lyff.
    • (a1460)BokenhamSts.(Adv Abbotsford B3)123.62 (v.2:p.314):Adonay Lord Ihesu Crist .., whiche onys reysyddyst from deth to lyf my wylbelouyd brothir Lazar .., byhold the feyth of the peple stondynge here aboute and ryse vp thy yung man ageyn as thou dedyst hym.
    • a1475Sidrak & B.(LdMisc 559)10516:A dede man [Lazarus] þat in graue hathe leyn Foure dayes he [Jesus] shall ryse [Lnsd: reise] ayen.
    • a1500(?a1390)MirkFest.(GoughETop 4)206/34:Woldyst þou now of þi godnes ryse my wyfe to lyfe, þen wold I be bowndyn euer to be thi seruant.
    b
    • (c1384)WBible(1)(Dc 369(2))Mat.17.8:Forsothe thei, rysynge vp [WB(2): liften vp; L Levantes] her eiȝen, sawen no man, no but Jhesus aloon.
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    Supplemental Materials (draft)

    • c1230(?a1200)Ancr.(Corp-C 402)167/17:Þe seoueðe þing is uuel wune þet lazre bitacneð…o hwam ure lauerd weop, as þe godspel teleð, & risede & mengde him seoluen & ȝeide lude up on him ear he him arearde.
    • Note:Supplemental material for sense15?
    • (c1300)Havelok(LdMisc 108)597:Sir [?read: Ris; ?read: Stirt] up, Grim, and loke wat it menes.
    • Note:Provisionally placed here underrisen v., as Skeat suggests & both Sisam (revising Skeat) and Smithers emend (--per REL). As do Zupitza and Holthausen (3 ed.). But 'stirt' (fromsterten v.), a common word in Havelok, is also possible, and 'stir' (fromstiren v.) not impossible.

    ©2025 Regents of the University of Michigan. For details about this collection's copyright see theMEC copyright statement and theU-M Library Copyright Policy. Data last refreshed Tuesday, March 4, 2025 at 12:18:00.


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