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.2024 Jul 1:23:101604.
doi: 10.1016/j.fochx.2024.101604. eCollection 2024 Oct 30.

Synthesis, characterization, antioxidant and bacteriostasis in preservation of isoorientin loaded Zein/GA nanoparticles

Affiliations

Synthesis, characterization, antioxidant and bacteriostasis in preservation of isoorientin loaded Zein/GA nanoparticles

Yuxia Yang et al. Food Chem X..

Abstract

Isoorientin (Iso) is a natural flavone with multiple activities. In the present study, the partial chemical properties and activities of Iso were improved by the nanoparticle loading technique. Zein/GA nanoparticles were successfully synthesized with the antisolvent precipitation method, and the structure and stability of the Zein/GA nanoparticles loaded with Iso (Zein/GA-Iso nanoparticles) were characterized by FTIR, UV-vis spectroscopy and zeta-sizer analysis. Results showed that Zein/GA-Iso nanoparticles possessed greater stability, light stability, hydrophilicity and antioxidant activity. Furthermore, Zein/GA-Iso nanoparticles exerted notable antibacterial activity againstE. coli, S. aureus, andP. aeruginosa by destroying the permeability and integrity of cell membrane. On this basis, Zein/GA-Iso nanoparticles do have a bacteriostatic effect on pork. In conclusion, Zein/GA-Iso nanoparticles had better stability and pork preservation for applications in the food processing field as a new type of antiseptic and freshening agent.

Keywords: Antibacterial activity; Antioxidant activity; Nanoparticle; Stability; Structural characterization.

© 2024 The Author(s).

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
The synthesis pathways and structural characterization of Zein/GA-Iso nanoparticles. (A) Zein/GA and Zein/GA-Iso nanoparticles synthesis pathways. (B) UV spectra of Iso and Zein/GA-Iso nanoparticles. (C) Water contact angle of zein, GA, Iso, Zein/GA and Zein/GA-Iso nanoparticles. (D) FT-IR analysis of zein, GA, Iso, Zein/GA and Zein/GA-Iso nanoparticles. (E) XRD of Iso, zein, GA, Zein/GA and Zein/GA-Iso nanoparticles. (F)SEM and TEM images of Zein/GA and Zein/GA-Iso nanoparticles.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Nanoparticles stability and bioaccessibility. Mean size and zeta-potential of Zein/GA and Zein/GA-Iso nanoparticles in different pH values (A), in different concentrations of NaCl (B), in the simulated gastrointestinal digestionin vitro (C), at different temperature (D) and time (E). Chemical stability of Iso in Zein/GA-Iso nanoparticles under UV light (F). Bioavailability of Iso and Zein/GA-Iso nanoparticles in 300 min (G). Bioavailability of Iso and zein/GA-Iso nanoparticles (H). Values are means ± SD,n = 3. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01versus Control.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Antioxidant activity, erythrocyte hemolysis and cytotoxicity of Zein/GA-Iso nanoparticles. Scavenging ability of Iso and Zein/GA-Iso nanoparticles on (A) DPPH radicals, (B) ABTS•+ radicals. Values are means ± SD,n = 9. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01vs Iso group. (C) Inhibitive effect of Iso and Zein/GA-Iso nanoparticles on H2O2 (200 μg/mL) induced erythrocyte hemolysis. (D) Micrograph of erythrocyte morphologic changes were also observed by optic microscope (original magnification of 100×). Effect of Iso, Zein/GA and Zein/GA-Iso nanoparticles on cell viability of (E) Caco-2 cell and (F) HL-7702 cell exposed Bap, respectively. Values are means± SD, n = 9. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01versus Control. Micrograph of Caco-2 cell (G) and HL-7702 cell (H), (original magnification of 100×).
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Effect of Zein/GA-Iso nanoparticles on Bap-stimulated ROS of Caco-2 cells and HL-7702 cells. ROS were examined by Flow cytometer (A, C) and Fluorescence microscope (B, D), MFI refers to the mean fluorescence intensity in flow cytometry analysis.
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
Antibacterial activity of Zein/GA-Iso nanoparticles. Effect of Iso, Zein/GA and Zein/GA-Iso nanoparticles on the growth curve (A-C), the extracellular protein content (D—F), the extracellular nucleic acid content (G-I) and conductivity (J-L) ofE. coli,S. aureus andP. aeruginosa. P. aeruginosa, respectively.
Fig. 6
Fig. 6
Inhibitory effects of nanoparticles on bacteria and structural characteristics of bacteria. Effects of Iso and Zein/GA-Iso nanoparticles on bacterial colony and morphological structure ofE. coli,S. aureus andP. aeruginosa.
Fig. 7
Fig. 7
Preservation effect of Zein/GA-Iso nanoparticles on chilled pork. The color (A), the a*, L* and b* values (B), the pH value, the water retention capacity and the TVB-N value(C, D).
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