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Review
.2024 Jun 5:19:5245-5267.
doi: 10.2147/IJN.S459255. eCollection 2024.

Prosthetic Metals: Release, Metabolism and Toxicity

Affiliations
Review

Prosthetic Metals: Release, Metabolism and Toxicity

Qiang Zhong et al. Int J Nanomedicine..

Abstract

The development of metallic joint prostheses has been ongoing for more than a century alongside advancements in hip and knee arthroplasty. Among the materials utilized, the Cobalt-Chromium-Molybdenum (Co-Cr-Mo) and Titanium-Aluminum-Vanadium (Ti-Al-V) alloys are predominant in joint prosthesis construction, predominantly due to their commendable biocompatibility, mechanical strength, and corrosion resistance. Nonetheless, over time, the physical wear, electrochemical corrosion, and inflammation induced by these alloys that occur post-implantation can cause the release of various metallic components. The released metals can then flow and metabolize in vivo, subsequently causing potential local or systemic harm. This review first details joint prosthesis development and acknowledges the release of prosthetic metals. Second, we outline the metallic concentration, biodistribution, and elimination pathways of the released prosthetic metals. Lastly, we discuss the possible organ, cellular, critical biomolecules, and significant signaling pathway toxicities and adverse effects that arise from exposure to these metals.

Keywords: metallic joint prostheses; potential toxicity and adverse effects; prosthetic metal release.

© 2024 Zhong et al.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests in this work.

Figures

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Graphical abstract
Figure 1
Figure 1
History of joint replacement.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Biodistribution and excretion of prosthetic metals.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Macrophage, osteoblasts and osteoclasts influenced by prosthetic metals.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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