Review

.2023 Feb 6;15(4):827.

doi: 10.3390/nu15040827.

Potential Biological Markers and Treatment Implications for Binge Eating Disorder and Behavioral Addictions

Gemma Mestre-Bach¹, Marc N Potenza^{2 3 4 5 6 7}

Affiliations

¹ Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Internacional de La Rioja, 26006 Logroño, Spain.
² Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
³ Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, CT 06519, USA.
⁴ Connecticut Council on Problem Gambling, Wethersfield, CT 06109, USA.
⁵ Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
⁶ Yale Child Study Center, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
⁷ Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.

PMID:36839185
PMCID: PMC9962023
DOI: 10.3390/nu15040827

Review

Potential Biological Markers and Treatment Implications for Binge Eating Disorder and Behavioral Addictions

Gemma Mestre-Bach et al. Nutrients.2023.

.2023 Feb 6;15(4):827.

doi: 10.3390/nu15040827.

Authors

Gemma Mestre-Bach¹, Marc N Potenza^{2 3 4 5 6 7}

Affiliations

¹ Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Internacional de La Rioja, 26006 Logroño, Spain.
² Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
³ Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, CT 06519, USA.
⁴ Connecticut Council on Problem Gambling, Wethersfield, CT 06109, USA.
⁵ Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
⁶ Yale Child Study Center, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
⁷ Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.

PMID:36839185
PMCID: PMC9962023
DOI: 10.3390/nu15040827

Abstract

The reward system is highly relevant to behavioral addictions such as gambling disorder (GD), internet gaming disorder (IGD), and food addiction/binge eating disorder (FA/BED). Among other brain regions, the ventral striatum (VS) has been implicated in reward processing. The main objective of the present state-of-the-art review was to explore in depth the specific role of the VS in GD, IGD and FA/BED, understanding it as a possible biomarker of these conditions. Studies analyzing brain changes following interventions for these disorders, and especially those that had explored possible treatment-related changes in VS, are discussed. More evidence is needed on how existing treatments (both pharmacological and psychobehavioral) for behavioral addictions affect the activation of the VS and related circuitry.

Keywords: binge eating disorder; craving; food addiction; gambling disorder; internet gaming disorder; reward system; ventral striatum.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest. Potenza has consulted for Opiant Pharmaceuticals, Idorsia Pharmaceuticals, AXA, Game Day Data, Baria-Tek and the Addiction Policy Forum; has been involved in a patent application with Yale University and Novartis; has received research support (to Yale) from Mohegan Sun Casino and the Connecticut Council on Problem Gambling; has participated in surveys, mailings or telephone consultations related to drug addiction, impulse control disorders or other health topics; has consulted for and/or advised gambling and legal entities on issues related to impulse control/addictive disorders; has provided clinical care in a problem gambling services program; has performed grant reviews for research-funding agencies; has edited journals and journal sections; has given academic lectures in grand rounds, CME events and other clinical or scientific venues; and has generated books or book chapters for publishers of mental health texts.

Figures

**Figure 1**
Main brain areas of the reward system anterior cingulate cortex: red; globus pallidus: orange; nucleus accumbens: royal blue; orbitofrontal cortex: neon green; thalamus: yellow; ventral tegmental area: cyan.

See this image and copyright information in PMC

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Potential Biological Markers and Treatment Implications for Binge Eating Disorder and Behavioral Addictions

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Potential Biological Markers and Treatment Implications for Binge Eating Disorder and Behavioral Addictions

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