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Review
.2022 Dec 5;14(12):2715.
doi: 10.3390/v14122715.

SARS-CoV-2 Genomic Surveillance in Brazil: A Systematic Review with Scientometric Analysis

Affiliations
Review

SARS-CoV-2 Genomic Surveillance in Brazil: A Systematic Review with Scientometric Analysis

Diego Menezes et al. Viruses..

Abstract

Several studies have monitored the SARS-CoV-2 variants in Brazil throughout the pandemic. Here, we systematically reviewed and conducted a scientometric analysis of the SARS-CoV-2 genomic surveillance studies using Brazilian samples. A Pubmed database search on October 2022 returned 492 articles, of which 106 were included. Ninety-six different strains were reported, with variant of concern (VOC) gamma (n = 35,398), VOC delta (n = 15,780), and the variant of interest zeta (n = 1983) being the most common. The top three states with the most samples in the published articles were São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, and Minas Gerais. Whereas the first year of the pandemic presented primary circulation of B.1.1.28 and B.1.1.33 variants, consecutive replacements were observed between them and VOI zeta, VOC gamma, VOC delta, and VOC omicron. VOI mu, VOI lambda, VOC alpha, and VOC beta were also detected but failed to reach significant circulation. Co-infection, re-infection, and vaccine breakthrough reports were found. Article co-citation differed from the co-authorship structure. Despite the limitations, we expect to give an overview of Brazil's genomic surveillance studies and contribute to future research execution.

Keywords: COVID19; molecular epidemiology; next-generation sequencing.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Spatial overview of the genomic surveillance in Brazil. (A) The number of published articles with samples from each Brazilian State. (B) The number of characterised samples from each Brazilian State in the published reports.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Included studies in the systematic review. Studies are ordered by the beginning of the sampling periods when available. If not, the publication date was used. Non-VOC/VOI detection was omitted when the study reported VOI or VOC. The number of sampled States is shown when there are three or more States. Blue lines represent the sampling period. Red lines represent the time between the end of sampling and the publication date. Dashed lines indicate six months intervals from 1 January 2020. AL—Alagoas, AM—Amazonas, BA—Bahia, CE—Ceará, MG—Minas Gerais, MS—Mato Grosso do Sul, MT—Mato Grosso, PA—Pará, PE—Pernambuco, PR—Paraná, RJ—Rio de Janeiro, RN—Rio Grande do Norte, RO—Rondônia, RS—Rio Grande do Sul, SC—Santa Catarina, SE—Sergipe, SP—São Paulo, TO—Tocantins, VOC—variant of concern, and VOI—variant of interest.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Citation map for articles cross-citations. Connectors indicate article citations. The circle size is weighted by the citation number of each study in the literature up to 25 October 2022. Thirteen clusters were found, and are indicated by different colours. Metadata is available in Table S5 [20,21,22,23,24,25,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,56,57,58,59,60,61,63,64,65,66,67,68,69,70,72,72,73,74,75,76,77,78,79,80,81,83,84,85,86,87,88,89,90,91,93,94,95,96,97,98,99,100,101,102,104,105,106,107,108,109,110,111,112,114,116,118,119,120,121,122,123].
Figure 4
Figure 4
Author co-authorship map. Authors with at least four articles were included (n = 127 out of 1190). Connectors indicate co-authorships. Circle sizes were weighted by the number of publications included in the systematic review. Five clusters were found, and are characterised by different colours. Metadata is available in Table S6.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Organisation co-authorship map. Organisations with at least three articles in the systematic review were included (n = 63 out of 229). Connectors indicate co-authorship. The number of included articles from each organisation weighted circle sizes. Five clusters were found, and are indicated by different colours. Metadata is available in Table S7.
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