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Review
.2022 Jun 14;24(2):511.
doi: 10.3892/etm.2022.11438. eCollection 2022 Aug.

Applications of polymerase chain reaction-based methods for the diagnosis of plague (Review)

Affiliations
Review

Applications of polymerase chain reaction-based methods for the diagnosis of plague (Review)

Yanan Zhang et al. Exp Ther Med..

Abstract

Plague is an acute bacterial infection caused byYersinia pestis. The three major clinical forms of plague are bubonic, pneumonic and septicemic, which have high case-mortality rates. Therefore, rapid and reliable diagnostic tools are crucial. Currently, bacteriological means and traditional serological assays are used for detecting infection withY. pestis. However, such methods have their limitations. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is one of the most useful tools for rapid diagnosis of plague. The present review introduced the main PCR techniques and their applications for detecting and confirmation ofY. pestis. The advantages and disadvantages of the different PCR methods were also summarized.

Keywords: Yersinia pestis; molecular diagnosis; plague; polymerase chain reaction techniques.

Copyright © 2020, Spandidos Publications.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Transmission routes of plague. Rodents act as hosts and reservoirs forY. pestis, vectored by fleas. Mammals, which are not the natural hosts ofY. pestis, may become infected via the bite of an infected flea. Infection may be transmitted to humans through flea bites or through direct contact with infected animals.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Algorithm for the molecular biology tests of plague. DNA confirmation on the presence ofY. pestis in human specimens is performed using quantitative PCR targetingpla andcaf1 and in the case of discordant or uncertain results, a conventional PCR targetingpla,caf1 and inv is performed.pla, plasminogen activator gene;caf1, 60-Md plasmid-located gene;inv, invasin protein gene.
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Funding: The present study was supported by Key Scientific and Technology Project of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (grant no. 2021ZD0006).

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