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.2021 Sep 2;49(8):959-964.
doi: 10.1515/jpm-2021-0236. Print 2021 Oct 26.

Making use of non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT): rethinking issues of routinization and pressure

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Free article

Making use of non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT): rethinking issues of routinization and pressure

Bettina Schöne-Seifert et al. J Perinat Med..
Free article

Abstract

First mapping the main ethical issues surrounding prenatal testing, we then analyze which concerns are specific to non-invasive methods. Presupposing theprivatization premise for reproductive autonomy in fundamentally liberal societies, we go on to specify common concerns about non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) covered by the term 'routinization', and conceptually unravel the frequently expressed worry of increasing 'pressure' to test and/or terminate affected pregnancies. We argue that mindful decision-making should be a key educational goal (not only) of NIPT counseling which could be achieved through stepwise disclosure. In addition, we identify indirect social pressure as the most plausible threat to reproductive freedom. While continuous efforts need to be made to prevent such pressure - not least by ensuring balanced availability of options -, restricting testing options, and thus freedom of choice, cannot be the answer to this concern. Lastly, we suggest abandoning the vague term 'routinization' and instead focusing on specified concerns to enable a fruitful debate.

Keywords: freedom of choice; non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT); prenatal testing; reproductive autonomy; routinization; social pressure.

© 2021 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston.

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References

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    1. Merkel, R. Pränataldiagnose: Von wegen Selektion. Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung: Frankfurt a.M.; 2019. Available from:https://www.faz.net/aktuell/feuilleton/debatten/diskriminiert-ein-blutte... [Accessed July 11, 2021].
    1. Beauchamp, TL, Childress, JF. Principles of biomedical ethics, 8th ed. New York: Oxford University Press; 2019.
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