.2021 Aug;9(16):e14945.

doi: 10.14814/phy2.14945.

Exercise hyperthermia induces greater changes in gastrointestinal permeability than equivalent passive hyperthermia

Edward Walter^{1 2}, Peter W Watt², Oliver R Gibson³, Ashley G B Wilmott^{2 4}, Dominic Mitchell², Robert Moreton², Neil S Maxwell²

Affiliations

¹ Department of Intensive Care, Royal Surrey County Hospital, Guildford, UK.
² Environmental Extremes Lab, Sport and Exercise Science and Medicine Research and Enterprise Group, University of Brighton, Eastbourne, East Sussex, UK.
³ Centre for Human Performance, Exercise and Rehabilitation (CHPER), Division of Sport, Health and Exercise Sciences, College of Health, Medicine, and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK.
⁴ Cambridge Centre for Sport and Exercise Sciences (CCSES), School of Psychology and Sport Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK.

PMID:34409760
PMCID: PMC8374382
DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14945

Exercise hyperthermia induces greater changes in gastrointestinal permeability than equivalent passive hyperthermia

Edward Walter et al. Physiol Rep.2021 Aug.

.2021 Aug;9(16):e14945.

doi: 10.14814/phy2.14945.

Authors

Edward Walter^{1 2}, Peter W Watt², Oliver R Gibson³, Ashley G B Wilmott^{2 4}, Dominic Mitchell², Robert Moreton², Neil S Maxwell²

Affiliations

¹ Department of Intensive Care, Royal Surrey County Hospital, Guildford, UK.
² Environmental Extremes Lab, Sport and Exercise Science and Medicine Research and Enterprise Group, University of Brighton, Eastbourne, East Sussex, UK.
³ Centre for Human Performance, Exercise and Rehabilitation (CHPER), Division of Sport, Health and Exercise Sciences, College of Health, Medicine, and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK.
⁴ Cambridge Centre for Sport and Exercise Sciences (CCSES), School of Psychology and Sport Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK.

PMID:34409760
PMCID: PMC8374382
DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14945

Abstract

Hyperthermia and exertional heat illness increase gastrointestinal (GI) permeability, although whether the latter is only via hyperthermia is unclear. The aim of this pilot study was to determine whether different changes in GI permeability, characterized by an increased plasma lactulose:rhamnose concentration ratio ([L:R]), occurred in exercise hyperthermia in comparison to equivalent passive hyperthermia. Six healthy adult male participants (age 25 ± 5 years, mass 77.0 ± 6.7 kg, height 181 ± 6 cm, peak oxygen uptake [ $\overset{\cdot}{V} O_{2 peak}$ ] 48 ± 8 ml.kg^-1 .min^-1 ) underwent exercise under hot conditions (Ex-Heat) and passive heating during hot water immersion (HWI). Heart rate (HR), rectal temperature (T_CORE ), rating of perceived exertion (RPE), and whole-body sweat loss (WBSL) were recorded throughout the trials. The L:R ratio, peak HR, change in HR, and change in RPE were higher in Ex-Heat than HWI, despite no differences in trial duration, peak core temperature or WBSL. L:R was strongly correlated (p < 0.05) with HR peak (r = 0.626) and change in HR (r = 0.615) but no other variable. The greater L:R in Ex-Heat, despite equal T_CORE responses to HWI, indicates that increased cardiovascular strain occurred during exercise, and exacerbates hyperthermia-induced GI permeability at the same absolute temperature.

Keywords: cardiovascular; exercise; gastrointestinal; heat illness; hyperthermia; permeability.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare there are no competing interests.

Figures

**FIGURE 1**
Lactulose:rhamnose ratio (L:R) for each participant during exercising in heat stress (Ex‐Heat) and passive heating during hot water immersion (HWI) trials. * denotes significant group mean difference compared with HWI

See this image and copyright information in PMC

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Exercise hyperthermia induces greater changes in gastrointestinal permeability than equivalent passive hyperthermia

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Exercise hyperthermia induces greater changes in gastrointestinal permeability than equivalent passive hyperthermia

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