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.2021 Apr 6;18(7):3820.
doi: 10.3390/ijerph18073820.

Modelling the Contribution of Metacognitions, Impulsiveness, and Thought Suppression to Behavioural Addictions in Adolescents

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Modelling the Contribution of Metacognitions, Impulsiveness, and Thought Suppression to Behavioural Addictions in Adolescents

Yaniv Efrati et al. Int J Environ Res Public Health..

Abstract

The most common behavioral addictions in adolescents are Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD), Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder (CSBD), and Problematic Social Networks Use (PSNU). In the present study, we investigated whether thought suppression and impulsiveness mediate the relationship between metacognitions and these three behavioral addictions (IGD, CSBD and PSNU). In Study 1 (n = 471), we examined whether online gaming thought suppression and impulsiveness mediate the relationship between metacognitions and IGD. In Study 2 (n = 453), we examined whether sex thought suppression and impulsiveness mediate the relationship between metacognitions and CSBD. In Study 3 (n = 1004), we examined whether social media thought suppression and impulsiveness mediate the relationship between metacognitions and PSNU. Results of path analysis indicated, across the three studies, the importance of both thought suppression and impulsiveness as mediators between metacognitions and the three behavioral addictions (IGD, CSBD and PSNU) being investigated. These findings provide an opportunity for therapists as well as educators to gain a better insight into the link between metacognitions, thought suppression, impulsiveness, and behavioral addictions as part of developmental behavior among adolescents.

Keywords: adolescents; compulsive sexual behavior disorder; impulsiveness; internet gaming disorder; metacognitions; problematic social networks use; thought suppression.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have no conflict of interest to declare.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Hypothesized theoretical model.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Results of the path analytical model with IGD as outcome variable. Notes: *p < 0.05, **p < 0.001, ***p < 0.001;n = 471; Coefficients are standardized estimates; Religious Affiliation = (1 = Low, 2 = High); Gender: 1 = M, 2 = F; MCQ-30 (NEG) = Metacognitions Questionnaire-30 (Negative Beliefs about Thoughts concerning Uncontrollability and Danger); MCQ-30 (CC) = Metacognitions Questionnaire-30 (Cognitive Confidence); MCQ-30 (NC) = Metacognitions Questionnaire-30 (Beliefs about the Need to Control Thoughts); MCQ-30 (CSC) = Metacognitions Questionnaire-30 (Cognitive Self-Consciousness); BIS = Barret Impulsivity Scale; TSI = Thought Suppression Inventory; IGD = Internet Gaming Disorder.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Results of the path analytical model with CSBD as outcome variable. Notes: *p < 0.05, **p < 0.001, ***p < 0.001;n = 453; Coefficients are standardized estimates; Religious Affiliation = (1 = Low, 2 = High); Gender: 1 = M, 2 = F; MCQ-30 (POS) = Metacognitions Questionnaire-30 (Positive Beliefs about Worry); MCQ-30 (CC) = Metacognitions Questionnaire-30 (Cognitive Confidence); MCQ-30 (NC) = Metacognitions Questionnaire-30 (Beliefs about the Need to Control Thoughts); MCQ-30 (CSC) = Metacognitions Questionnaire-30 (Cognitive Self-Consciousness); BIS = Barret Impulsivity Scale; TSI = Thought Suppression Inventory; CSBD = Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Results of the path analytical model with PSNU as outcome variable. Notes: *p < 0.05, **p < 0.001, ***p < 0.001;n = 1004; Coefficients are standardized estimates; Religious Affiliation = (1 = Low, 2 = High); Gender: 1 = M, 2 = F; MCQ-30 (POS) = Metacognitions Questionnaire-30 (Positive Beliefs about Worry); MCQ-30 (NEG) = Metacognitions Questionnaire-30 (Negative Beliefs about Thoughts concerning Uncontrollability and Danger); MCQ-30 (CC) = Metacognitions Questionnaire-30 (Cognitive Confidence); MCQ-30 (NC) = Metacognitions Questionnaire-30 (Beliefs about the Need to Control Thoughts); MCQ-30 (CSC) = Metacognitions Questionnaire-30 (Cognitive Self-Consciousness); BIS = Barret Impulsivity Scale; TSI = Thought Suppression Inventory; PSNU = Problematic Social Networks Use.
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