doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-15739-2.
Exceptionally high biosphere productivity at the beginning of Marine Isotopic Stage 11
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- PMID:32355168
- PMCID: PMC7192893
- DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15739-2
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Exceptionally high biosphere productivity at the beginning of Marine Isotopic Stage 11
Margaux Brandon et al. Nat Commun..
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Abstract
Significant changes in atmospheric CO2 over glacial-interglacial cycles have mainly been attributed to the Southern Ocean through physical and biological processes. However, little is known about the contribution of global biosphere productivity, associated with important CO2 fluxes. Here we present the first high resolution record of Δ17O of O2 in the Antarctic EPICA Dome C ice core over Termination V and Marine Isotopic Stage (MIS) 11 and reconstruct the global oxygen biosphere productivity over the last 445 ka. Our data show that compared to the younger terminations, biosphere productivity at the end of Termination V is 10 to 30 % higher. Comparisons with local palaeo observations suggest that strong terrestrial productivity in a context of low eccentricity might explain this pattern. We propose that higher biosphere productivity could have maintained low atmospheric CO2 at the beginning of MIS 11, thus highlighting its control on the global climate during Termination V.
Conflict of interest statement
The authors declare no competing interests.
Figures
a Δ17O of O2 (light green: record presented in Blunier et al., covering the last 400 ka; dark green: new record with error bars showing the standard deviation of ± 6 per meg).b atmospheric CO2 variations over the last 450 ka. The ice core records are presented on the AICC2012 timescale,. The grey shadow bars represent the period of rapid increase in atmospheric CO2.
CO2 (black); Δ17O of O2 combining new data (Termination II and Termination V, dotted green line) and data from Blunier et al., (solid green line). The red arrows indicate the strongest differences between the CO2 and Δ17O of O2 evolutions during interglacial periods. The grey shadow bars correspond to the main increase in atmospheric CO2 over terminations.
a Eccentricity.b CO2 record (ppmv).c Reconstructed envelop for the ratio between global biosphere productivity and pre-industrial biosphere productivity as inferred from Δ17O of O2 at age t (interpolation to 200 years and 101 binomial smoothing with Igor software).d δ18Oatm record from the EDC ice core,–.e LR04 Sea level stack (m compared to present) on AICC2012 timescale.f Trees, shrubs and Picea pollen (%);g Si/Ti ratio; a proxy of biogenic silica normalised to detrital, reflecting the changes in diatom productivity in the lake.h Pollen abundance (grains.cm−3) of ODP Site 646.i Arboreal and Quercus robur pollen records (%) from Lake Ohrid, Balkan Peninsula,.j Alkenone mass accumulation rate (MAR) (µg ⋅ m−2 ⋅ year−1) and TOC MAR (mg ⋅ m−2 ⋅ year−1) records at Site PS2489-2/ODP1090.k TOC/CaCO3 ratio at Site PS2489-2/ODP1090, Atlantic Southern Ocean. The horizontal dotted line separates the ice core records presented on the AICC2012 timescale, (above the line) and the terrestrial and oceanic records presented on the age model of each core (under the line). The grey shadow bars represent the period of rapid increase in atmospheric CO2.
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