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Review
.2020 Feb 7:2020:5386193.
doi: 10.1155/2020/5386193. eCollection 2020.

A Review on Sex Steroid Hormone Estrogen Receptors in Mammals and Fish

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Review

A Review on Sex Steroid Hormone Estrogen Receptors in Mammals and Fish

Eric Amenyogbe et al. Int J Endocrinol..

Abstract

Steroid hormones play essential roles in the reproductive biology of vertebrates. Estrogen exercises its effect through estrogen receptors and is not only a female reproductive hormone but acts virtually in all vertebrates, including fish, and is involved in the physiological and pathological states in all males and females. Estrogen has been implicated in mandible conservation and circulatory and central nervous systems as well as the reproductive system. This review intended to understand the structure, function, binding affinities, and activations of estrogens and estrogen receptors and to discuss the understanding of the role of sex steroid hormone estrogen receptors in mammals and fish.

Copyright © 2020 Eric Amenyogbe et al.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest.

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