UCP1-independent thermogenesis
- PMID:32059055
- DOI: 10.1042/BCJ20190463
UCP1-independent thermogenesis
Abstract
Obesity results from energy imbalance, when energy intake exceeds energy expenditure. Brown adipose tissue (BAT) drives non-shivering thermogenesis which represents a powerful mechanism of enhancing the energy expenditure side of the energy balance equation. The best understood thermogenic system in BAT that evolved to protect the body from hypothermia is based on the uncoupling of protonmotive force from oxidative phosphorylation through the actions of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1), a key regulator of cold-mediated thermogenesis. Similarly, energy expenditure is triggered in response to caloric excess, and animals with reduced thermogenic fat function can succumb to diet-induced obesity. Thus, it was surprising when inactivation of Ucp1 did not potentiate diet-induced obesity. In recent years, it has become clear that multiple thermogenic mechanisms exist, based on ATP sinks centered on creatine, lipid, or calcium cycling, along with Fatty acid-mediated UCP1-independent leak pathways driven by the ADP/ATP carrier (AAC). With a key difference between cold- and diet-induced thermogenesis being the dynamic changes in purine nucleotide (primarily ATP) levels, ATP-dependent thermogenic pathways may play a key role in diet-induced thermogenesis. Additionally, the ubiquitous expression of AAC may facilitate increased energy expenditure in many cell types, in the face of over feeding. Interest in UCP1-independent energy expenditure has begun to showcase the therapeutic potential that lies in refining our understanding of the diversity of biochemical pathways controlling thermogenic respiration.
Keywords: brown adipose tissue; mitochondria; obesity; thermogenesis.
© 2020 The Author(s). Published by Portland Press Limited on behalf of the Biochemical Society.
Similar articles
- Origins and early development of the concept that brown adipose tissue thermogenesis is linked to energy balance and obesity.Trayhurn P.Trayhurn P.Biochimie. 2017 Mar;134:62-70. doi: 10.1016/j.biochi.2016.09.007. Epub 2016 Sep 10.Biochimie. 2017.PMID:27621146Review.
- Mechanisms underlying UCP1 dependent and independent adipocyte thermogenesis.Chang SH, Song NJ, Choi JH, Yun UJ, Park KW.Chang SH, et al.Obes Rev. 2019 Feb;20(2):241-251. doi: 10.1111/obr.12796. Epub 2018 Nov 18.Obes Rev. 2019.PMID:30450758Review.
- Translational Pharmacology and Physiology of Brown Adipose Tissue in Human Disease and Treatment.Larson CJ.Larson CJ.Handb Exp Pharmacol. 2019;251:381-424. doi: 10.1007/164_2018_184.Handb Exp Pharmacol. 2019.PMID:30689089
- An obesogenic diet impairs uncoupled substrate oxidation and promotes whitening of the brown adipose tissue in rats.Da Eira D, Jani S, Ceddia RB.Da Eira D, et al.J Physiol. 2023 Jan;601(1):69-82. doi: 10.1113/JP283721. Epub 2022 Dec 11.J Physiol. 2023.PMID:36419345
- β-Carotene induces UCP1-independent thermogenesis via ATP-consuming futile cycles in 3T3-L1 white adipocytes.Choi M, Yun JW.Choi M, et al.Arch Biochem Biophys. 2023 May 1;739:109581. doi: 10.1016/j.abb.2023.109581. Epub 2023 Mar 21.Arch Biochem Biophys. 2023.PMID:36948352
Cited by
- Physiological and molecular mechanisms of cold-induced improvements in glucose homeostasis in humans beyond brown adipose tissue.van Beek S, Hashim D, Bengtsson T, Hoeks J.van Beek S, et al.Int J Obes (Lond). 2023 May;47(5):338-347. doi: 10.1038/s41366-023-01270-z. Epub 2023 Feb 11.Int J Obes (Lond). 2023.PMID:36774412Review.
- Cold Exposure during the Active Phase Affects the Short-Chain Fatty Acid Production of Mice in a Time-Specific Manner.Ichikawa N, Sasaki H, Lyu Y, Furuhashi S, Watabe A, Imamura M, Hayashi K, Shibata S.Ichikawa N, et al.Metabolites. 2021 Dec 27;12(1):20. doi: 10.3390/metabo12010020.Metabolites. 2021.PMID:35050143Free PMC article.
- Silk Hydrogel-Mediated Delivery of Bone Morphogenetic Protein 7 Directly to Subcutaneous White Adipose Tissue Increases Browning and Energy Expenditure.Townsend KL, Pritchard E, Coburn JM, Kwon YM, Blaszkiewicz M, Lynes MD, Kaplan DL, Tseng YH.Townsend KL, et al.Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2022 May 12;10:884601. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.884601. eCollection 2022.Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2022.PMID:35646839Free PMC article.
- Mechanism of insulin resistance in obesity: a role of ATP.Ye J.Ye J.Front Med. 2021 Jun;15(3):372-382. doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0862-5. Epub 2021 May 28.Front Med. 2021.PMID:34047935Review.
- Transcriptome analysis revealed potential genes involved in thermogenesis in muscle tissue in cold-exposed lambs.Ji K, Jiao D, Yang G, Degen AA, Zhou J, Liu H, Wang W, Cong H.Ji K, et al.Front Genet. 2022 Oct 21;13:1017458. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1017458. eCollection 2022.Front Genet. 2022.PMID:36338953Free PMC article.
Publication types
MeSH terms
Substances
Related information
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Medical
Research Materials