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.2019 Nov;56(4):580-605.
doi: 10.1111/cars.12265. Epub 2019 Nov 6.

Black Neofascism? The Economic Freedom Fighters in South Africa

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Black Neofascism? The Economic Freedom Fighters in South Africa

Vishwas Satgar. Can Rev Sociol.2019 Nov.

Abstract
in English, French

This article argues that twenty-first century fascism is variegated and shaped by complex socioecological conditions. While enabled by the specific conditions of contemporary capitalist crisis, it is actually different from its antecedents. This requires actual in situ case studies. Hence, this article focuses on the Economic Freedom Fighters (EFF) in South Africa and explores its emergence in the conjuncture of hegemonic crisis faced by the ruling African National Congress. Moreover, the article challenges current liberal classificatory discourses that seek to define the EFF in South Africa's democratic order and also revisits the history of fascism from a decolonial perspective. It is argued there where two moments of fascism in the twentieth century, interwar fascism, and militarized fascism in the peripheries supported by U.S. imperialism. The EFF does not share anything in common with these twentieth century fascisms and therefore has to be analyzed and explained on its own terms.

Cet article soutient que le fascisme du XXIe siècle est diversifié et qu'il a été façonné par des conditions socio-écologiques complexes. Bien qu'il ait pu se développer grâce aux conditions particulières de la crise capitaliste contemporaine, il diffère effectivement de ses prédécesseurs. Cela exige des études de cas réels sur le terrain. Le présent article porte essentiellement sur les « Combattants de la liberté » (Economic Freedom Fighters, EFF) en Afrique du Sud et se penche sur son émergence dans la conjoncture de la crise hégémonique à laquelle se trouve confronté le Congrès national africain (ANC) présentement au pouvoir. En outre, cet article remet en question les discours classificatoires libéraux actuels qui tentent de définir les EFF dans l'ordre démocratique de l'Afrique du Sud et revisite également l'histoire du fascisme dans une perspective décoloniale. On y fait valoir qu'il y a eu deux périodes de fascisme au XXe siècle, soit le fascisme d'entre-deux-guerres et le fascisme militarisé des périphéries soutenu par l'impérialisme américain. Étant donné que les EFF n'ont rien en commun avec ces fascismes du XXe siècle; on se doit donc de les analyser et de les expliquer en fonction de leurs propres modalités.

© 2019 Canadian Sociological Association/La Société canadienne de sociologie.

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References

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