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.2019 Oct 10;14(10):e0223712.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223712. eCollection 2019.

Cetacean biodiversity, spatial and temporal trends based on stranding records (1920-2016), Victoria, Australia

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Cetacean biodiversity, spatial and temporal trends based on stranding records (1920-2016), Victoria, Australia

Chantel Sarah Foord et al. PLoS One..

Abstract

Cetacean stranding records can provide vital information on species richness and diversity through space and time. Here we collate stranding records from Victoria, Australia and assess them for temporal, spatial and demographic trends. Between 1920 and 2016, 424 stranding events involving 907 individuals were recorded across 31 Cetacea species from seven families, including five new species records for the state. Seven of these events were mass strandings, and six mother and calf strandings were recorded. Importantly, 48% of the species recorded are recognised as data deficient on the IUCN Red List. The most commonly recorded taxa were Tursiops spp. (n = 146) and Delphinus delphis (common dolphins, n = 81), with the greatest taxonomic richness (n = 24) and highest incidence of stranding events documented within the Otways mesoscale bioregion. We found no seasonal stranding patterns anywhere in the state. While our findings improve understanding of the spatial and temporal patterns of cetacean diversity within Victoria, we suggest greater effort to collect demographic data at stranding events in order to better study state-wide patterns through time. We conclude with guidelines for minimum data collection standards for future strandings to maximise information capture from each event.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

Fig 1
Fig 1. Map of Victoria, Australia with gippsland lakes (GL) and IMCRA v4.0 mesoscale bioregions [19]: Otway (OTW), Central Victoria (CV), Victorian embayment (VE), Flinders (FLI), Twofold shelf (TWO), and Central bass strait (CBS).
Reproduced from Commonwealth of Australia, Australian Government Department of Environment 2016 licensed for re-use under CC BY 4.0., and Victorian State Government, Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning, licensed for re-use under CC BY 4.0.
Fig 2
Fig 2. Decadal cetacean stranding records, reported in Victoria, Australia (1920–2016) (n = 423).
Results for 2010–2016 were calculated from seven years of data.
Fig 3
Fig 3. Annual strandings for all cetacea and commonly reported taxa, Victoria, Australia (1980–2016).
(A) Cetacea (n = 358), (B)Tursiops species (n = 135), (C)Delphinus delphis (n = 71), (D)Globicephala species (n = 17), (E)Physeter macrocephalus (n = 26), (F)Kogia species (n = 18), (G)Megaptera novaeangliae (n = 15).
Fig 4
Fig 4. Monthly cetacean stranding events reported in Victoria, Australia (1980–2016), (n = 331).
Fig 5
Fig 5. Monthly stranding events reported in Victoria, Australia (1980–2016).
(A)Delphinus delphis (n = 70), (B)Tursiops species (n = 120), (C)Physeter macrocephalus (n = 26), (D)Kogia species (n = 18), (E)Megaptera novaeangliae (n = 15), (F)Globicephala species (n = 17).
Fig 6
Fig 6
Stranding events of commonly recorded taxa, Victoria, Australia (1920–2016). (A)Delphinus delphis (n = 81), (B)Tursiops species (n = 146), (C)Physeter macrocephalus (n = 26), (D)Kogia species (n = 18), (E)Megaptera novaeangliae (n = 16), (F)Globicephala species (n = 26). Reproduced from Commonwealth of Australia, Australian Government Department of Environment 2016 licensed for re-use under CC BY 4.0., and Victorian State Government, Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning, licensed for re-use under CC BY 4.0.
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