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Review
.2019 Jan 8:5:334.
doi: 10.3389/fvets.2018.00334. eCollection 2018.

Worldwide Presence and Features of Flea-BorneRickettsia asembonensis

Affiliations
Review

Worldwide Presence and Features of Flea-BorneRickettsia asembonensis

Alice N Maina et al. Front Vet Sci..

Abstract

Rickettsia asembonensis, the most well-characterized rickettsia of theRickettsia felis-like organisms (RFLO), is relatively unknown within the vector-borne diseases research community. The agent was initially identified in peri-domestic fleas from Asembo, Kenya in an area in whichR. felis was associated with fever patients. Local fleas collected from domestic animals and within homes were predominately infected withR. asembonensis with < 10% infected withR. felis. Since the identification ofR. asembonensis in Kenya, it has been reported in other locations within Africa, Asia, the Middle East, Europe, North America, and South America. With the description ofR. asembonensis-like genotypes across the globe, a need exists to isolate theseR. asembonensis genotypes in cell culture, conduct microscopic, and biological analysis, as well as whole genome sequencing to ascertain whether they are the same species. Additionally, interest has been building on the potential ofR. asembonensis in infecting vertebrate hosts including humans, non-human primates, dogs, and other animals. The current knowledge of the presence, prevalence, and distribution ofR. asembonensis worldwide, as well as its arthropod hosts and potential as a pathogen are discussed in this manuscript.

Keywords: Rickettsia; Rickettsia asembonensis; Rickettsia felis-like organisms; arthropod hosts; flea-borne; worldwide distribution.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Worldwide mapof the locations ofRickettsia asembonensis, genetically similar rickettsiae, and associated vertebrate and invertebrate hosts. Inset maps are for points in(A): Costa Rica;(B): Egypt and Israel; and(C): Malaysia. This map was created using ArcGIS® software by Esri. ArcGIS® and ArcMap™ which are the intellectual property of Esri and are used herein under license. Copyright © Esri.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Molecular phylogenetic analysis usingompB open reading frame (4,130 bp). The evolutionary history was inferred by using the Maximum Likelihood method based on the Tamura-Nei model. The percentage of trees in which the associated taxa clustered together is shown next to the branches. Evolutionary analyses were conducted with MEGA7.
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References

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