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.2019 Jan 5:8:3.
doi: 10.1186/s13756-018-0456-4. eCollection 2019.

Antimicrobial properties of a novel copper-based composite coating with potential for use in healthcare facilities

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Antimicrobial properties of a novel copper-based composite coating with potential for use in healthcare facilities

David A Montero et al. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control..

Abstract

Background: Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) have a major impact on public health worldwide. Particularly, hospital surfaces contaminated with bacterial pathogens are often the origin of both sporadic cases and outbreaks of HAIs. It has been demonstrated that copper surfaces reduce the microbial burden of high touch surfaces in the hospital environment. Here we report the antimicrobial characterization of a novel composite coating with embedded copper particles, named Copper Armour™.

Methods: The Copper Armour™ bactericidal activity was evaluated in in vitro assays against several bacterial pathogens, includingStaphylococcus aureus,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Escherichia coli O157:H7 andListeria monocytogenes. Additionally, its antimicrobial properties were also evaluated in a pilot study over a nine-week period at an adult intensive care unit. For this, four high touch surfaces, including bed rails, overbed table, bedside table and IV Pole, were coated with Cooper Armour™, and its microbial burden was determined over a nine-week period.

Results: Copper Armour™ coated samples showed an in vitro reduction in bacterial burden of > 99.9% compared to control samples. Moreover, pilot study results indicate that Copper Armour™ significantly reduces the level of microbial contamination on high-touch surfaces in the hospital environment, as compared with standard surfaces.

Conclusions: Based on its antimicrobial properties, Copper Armour™ is a novel self-sanitizing coating that exhibits bactericidal activity against important human pathogens and significantly reduces the microbial burden of hospital surfaces. This composite could be used as a self-sanitizing coating to complement infection control strategies in healthcare facilities.

Keywords: Antimicrobial copper; Copper-based composite; Healthcare-associated infections; High-touch surfaces; Self-sanitizing coating.

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Conflict of interest statement

The Ethics Committee of the Hospital Clínico de la Universidad de Chile approved the study protocols and an informed consent was not required to obtain samples from hospital surfaces.Not applicable.MG and CR are Directors of ATACAMALAB, a for profit Company aiming to develop energy efficient products including novel uses for copper.Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Formulation of Copper Armour™.a Copper Armour™ can be applied in liquid state on various substrates. At 25 °C, a 1 mm thick coating requires 2.5 h to dry.b Schematic composition of Copper Armour™. Shapes and sizes of Cu particles embedded in the methacrylate resin (matrix) are shown; the matrix acts as a liquid medium, providing adherence to the substrate and cohesion among components. Larger spherical Cu particles precipitate before curing of the matrix. Dendritic Cu particles act as a charge-conducting network. Smaller flakes Cu particles, float on the surface and become oriented in parallel, increasing the contact surface, thus, favoring the release of Cu ions. A bacterium is shown with its membrane degraded as a consequence of the antimicrobial activity of Cu.c Superficial topography of Copper Armour™. SEM analysis showed a homogenous distribution of copper particles in the matrix.d Chemical composition of Copper Armour™. EDAX analysis shows that Cu, carbon (C) and oxygen (O) are the main elements of the composite
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Distribution of coated and sampled surfaces within the adult intensive care unit rooms.a Distribution of the sampled objects within the room. In the intervention room, the coated surfaces are shown in gold.b Copper Armour™ coated objects. (1) Bed rails, (2) Overbed table, (3) Bedside table and (4) IV Pole. Black arrows indicate where surface sampled were taken for each object
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Frequency distribution of microbial burden on Copper Armour™ coated surfaces and control surfaces. The microbial burden observed for each sample was classified into three categories: below the detection threshold (green), 1 to 250 cfu/100 cm2 (yellow) or > 250 cfu/100 cm2 (red)
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