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Review
.2017 Aug 28:402:16-31.
doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2017.05.010. Epub 2017 May 20.

Melittin, a major peptide component of bee venom, and its conjugates in cancer therapy

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Review

Melittin, a major peptide component of bee venom, and its conjugates in cancer therapy

Islam Rady et al. Cancer Lett..

Abstract

Melittin (MEL), a major peptide component of bee venom, is an attractive candidate for cancer therapy. This agent has shown a variety of anti-cancer effects in preclinical cell culture and animal model systems. Despite a convincing efficacy data against variety of cancers, its applicability to humans has met with challenges due to several issues including its non-specific cytotoxicity, degradation and hemolytic activity. Several optimization approaches including utilization of nanoparticle based delivery of MEL have been utilized to circumvent the issues. Here, we summarize the current understanding of the anticancer effects of bee venom and MEL on different kinds of cancers. Further, we also present the available information for the possible mechanism of action of bee venom and/or MEL.

Keywords: Anti-cancer effects; Bee venom; Cancer management; Melittin; Melittin conjugates.

Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of interest

None.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1. Mellitin chemical composition
(A) Molecular structure, and (B) Amino acid sequences of two Mellitin isoforms,Apis mellifera andApis cerana.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2. Schematic drawing of lytic mechanism for melittin
(A) Melittin and membrane bilayer, (B) Pore formation, and (C) membrane lysis.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3. Schematic drawing of the mechanism of action of melittin
This carton is based on the available literature about the anticancer effects of melittin.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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