Movatterモバイル変換

[0]ホーム
URL:

Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
Thehttps:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

NIH NLM Logo
Log inShow account info
Access keysNCBI HomepageMyNCBI HomepageMain ContentMain Navigation
pubmed logo
Advanced Clipboard
User Guide

Full text links

Public Library of Science full text link Public Library of Science Free PMC article
Full text links

Actions

Share

.2015 Dec 14;10(12):e0144966.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0144966. eCollection 2015.

Coalescent Modelling Suggests Recent Secondary-Contact of Cryptic Penguin Species

Affiliations

Coalescent Modelling Suggests Recent Secondary-Contact of Cryptic Penguin Species

Stefanie Grosser et al. PLoS One..

Abstract

Molecular genetic analyses present powerful tools for elucidating demographic and biogeographic histories of taxa. Here we present genetic evidence showing a dynamic history for two cryptic lineages within Eudyptula, the world's smallest penguin. Specifically, we use a suite of genetic markers to reveal that two congeneric taxa ('Australia' and 'New Zealand') co-occur in southern New Zealand, with only low levels of hybridization. Coalescent modelling suggests that the Australian little penguin only recently expanded into southern New Zealand. Analyses conducted under time-dependent molecular evolutionary rates lend support to the hypothesis of recent anthropogenic turnover, consistent with shifts detected in several other New Zealand coastal vertebrate taxa. This apparent turnover event highlights the dynamic nature of the region's coastal ecosystem.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Competing Interests:The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

Fig 1
Fig 1. Map of distribution ofEudyptula penguins.
Blue and red colours indicate previously-inferred ranges of New Zealand and Australian mitochondrial lineages [18,19], respectively. Lineage distributions in grey dashed areas are unknown. White circles mark sampling localities for the current study. Black lines indicate proximate samples pooled asa priori regional groupings to increase population sample size.
Fig 2
Fig 2. Genetic clustering ofE.minor samples based on STRUCTURE analysis forK = 2.
Horizontal and vertical bars represent proportional membership of individuals to genetic clusters. Individuals between black lines represent distinct sampling localities as indicated on the map.
Fig 3
Fig 3. Median-joining network ofEudyptula mitochondrial control region haplotypes.
Circle size is proportional to haplotype frequency. Colours represent different sampling locations as indicated on the map. Edges between haplotypes represent single mutational steps. Unobserved haplotypes are indicated by small black circles. The red and blue boxes indicate AUS and NZ lineages, respectively.
Fig 4
Fig 4. Median-joining network ofEudyptula β-fibrinogen intron 7 alleles.
Circle size is proportional to allele frequency. Colours represent sampling locations from Australia and Otago (red) and all other NZ locations (blue). Edges between alleles represent single mutational steps. The red and blue boxes contain alleles associated with AUS and NZ lineages ofE.minor, respectively.
Fig 5
Fig 5. Individual assignment to genetic clusters and hybrid ancestry as determined by STRUCTURE assignment test (bottom plot) and NEWHYBRIDS (top plot).
Sampling locations are separated by black vertical lines. Individuals are represented by vertical bars where the colour represents the posterior probability of ancestry of being NZ lineage (blue), AUS lineage (red), a first generation hybrid (F1; purple), a second generation hybrid (F2; pink), a backcross between a F1 and NZ lineage individual (yellow), a backcross between a F1 and AUS lineage individual (orange) or a F2/backcross with either lineage (white; for STRUCTURE plot only). The grey horizontal line indicates 50% posterior probability threshold.
Fig 6
Fig 6. Posterior distributions from analysis under the ‘Isolation with Migration’ model for Otago and Phillip Island populations.
Results are presented for analyses with and without post-divergence gene flow (migration). All parameters are scaled by mutation rate. Note that the migration posteriors are described in coalescent terms (movement backwards through time).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

References

    1. Avise JC. Molecular markers, natural history, and evolution 2nd Edition Sunderland, MA: Sinauer Associates; 2004.
    1. Beaumont MA. Approximate Bayesian Computation in Evolution and Ecology. Annu Rev Ecol Evol S. 2010;41(1): 379–406. 10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-102209-144621 - DOI
    1. Barnes I, Matheus P, Shapiro B, Jensen D, A. C. Dynamics of Pleistocene population extinctions in Beringian brown bears. Science. 2002;295: 2267–2270. - PubMed
    1. Hofreiter M, Muenzel S, Conard NJ, Pollack J, Slatkin M, Weiss G, et al. Sudden replacement of cave bear mitochondrial DNA in the late Pleistocene. Current Biology. 2007;17: R122–R3. - PubMed
    1. Boessenkool S, Austin JJ, Worthy TH, Scofield P, Cooper A, Seddon PJ, et al. Relict or colonizer? Extinction and range expansion of penguins in southern New Zealand. Proc R Soc B. 2009;276(1658): 815–821. 10.1098/rspb.2008.1246 - DOI - PMC - PubMed

Publication types

MeSH terms

Substances

Associated data

LinkOut - more resources

Full text links
Public Library of Science full text link Public Library of Science Free PMC article
Cite
Send To

NCBI Literature Resources

MeSHPMCBookshelfDisclaimer

The PubMed wordmark and PubMed logo are registered trademarks of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). Unauthorized use of these marks is strictly prohibited.

[8]ページ先頭
©2009-2025 Movatter.jp