Ghrelin in psychiatric disorders - A review
- PMID:25459900
- DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2014.11.013
Ghrelin in psychiatric disorders - A review
Abstract
Ghrelin is a 28-amino-acid peptide hormone, first described in 1999 and broadly expressed in the organism. As the only known orexigenic hormone secreted in the periphery, it increases hunger and appetite, promoting food intake. Ghrelin has also been shown to be involved in various physiological processes being regulated in the central nervous system such as sleep, mood, memory and reward. Accordingly, it has been implicated in a series of psychiatric disorders, making it subject of increasing investigation, with knowledge rapidly accumulating. This review aims at providing a concise yet comprehensive overview of the role of ghrelin in psychiatric disorders. Ghrelin was consistently shown to exert neuroprotective and memory-enhancing effects and alleviated psychopathology in animal models of dementia. Few human studies show a disruption of the ghrelin system in dementia. It was also shown to play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of addictive disorders, promoting drug reward, enhancing drug seeking behavior and increasing craving in both animals and humans. Ghrelin's exact role in depression and anxiety is still being debated, as it was shown to both promote and alleviate depressive and anxiety-behavior in animal studies, with an overweight of evidence suggesting antidepressant effects. Not surprisingly, the ghrelin system is also implicated in eating disorders, however its exact role remains to be elucidated. Its widespread involvement has made the ghrelin system a promising target for future therapies, with encouraging findings in recent literature.
Keywords: Addiction; Alzheimer; Depression; Eating disorder; Ghrelin; Psychiatry.
Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Similar articles
- Ghrelin signalling and obesity: at the interface of stress, mood and food reward.Schellekens H, Finger BC, Dinan TG, Cryan JF.Schellekens H, et al.Pharmacol Ther. 2012 Sep;135(3):316-26. doi: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2012.06.004. Epub 2012 Jun 27.Pharmacol Ther. 2012.PMID:22749794Review.
- The impact of the appetite-regulating, orexigenic peptide ghrelin on alcohol use disorders: A systematic review of preclinical and clinical data.Koopmann A, Schuster R, Kiefer F.Koopmann A, et al.Biol Psychol. 2018 Jan;131:14-30. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2016.12.012. Epub 2016 Dec 21.Biol Psychol. 2018.PMID:28011402Review.
- Divergent circuitry underlying food reward and intake effects of ghrelin: dopaminergic VTA-accumbens projection mediates ghrelin's effect on food reward but not food intake.Skibicka KP, Shirazi RH, Rabasa-Papio C, Alvarez-Crespo M, Neuber C, Vogel H, Dickson SL.Skibicka KP, et al.Neuropharmacology. 2013 Oct;73:274-83. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2013.06.004. Epub 2013 Jun 14.Neuropharmacology. 2013.PMID:23770258
- Ghrelin-Derived Peptides: A Link between Appetite/Reward, GH Axis, and Psychiatric Disorders?Labarthe A, Fiquet O, Hassouna R, Zizzari P, Lanfumey L, Ramoz N, Grouselle D, Epelbaum J, Tolle V.Labarthe A, et al.Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2014 Oct 27;5:163. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2014.00163. eCollection 2014.Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2014.PMID:25386163Free PMC article.Review.
- Ghrelin - a key pleiotropic hormone-regulating systemic energy metabolism.Müller TD, Tschöp MH.Müller TD, et al.Endocr Dev. 2013;25:91-100. doi: 10.1159/000346590. Epub 2013 Apr 25.Endocr Dev. 2013.PMID:23652395Review.
Cited by
- "Sibling" battle or harmony: crosstalk between nesfatin-1 and ghrelin.Chen X, Dong J, Jiao Q, Du X, Bi M, Jiang H.Chen X, et al.Cell Mol Life Sci. 2022 Mar 3;79(3):169. doi: 10.1007/s00018-022-04193-6.Cell Mol Life Sci. 2022.PMID:35239020Free PMC article.Review.
- Epigenetic outlier profiles in depression: A genome-wide DNA methylation analysis of monozygotic twins.Córdova-Palomera A, Palma-Gudiel H, Forés-Martos J, Tabarés-Seisdedos R, Fañanás L.Córdova-Palomera A, et al.PLoS One. 2018 Nov 20;13(11):e0207754. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0207754. eCollection 2018.PLoS One. 2018.PMID:30458022Free PMC article.
- Leptin, but not ghrelin, is associated with food addiction scores in a population-based subject sample.Wittekind DA, Kratzsch J, Mergl R, Baber R, Wirkner K, Schroeter ML, Witte AV, Villringer A, Kluge M.Wittekind DA, et al.Front Psychiatry. 2023 Jul 25;14:1200021. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1200021. eCollection 2023.Front Psychiatry. 2023.PMID:37559914Free PMC article.
- Appetite changes reveal depression subgroups with distinct endocrine, metabolic, and immune states.Simmons WK, Burrows K, Avery JA, Kerr KL, Taylor A, Bodurka J, Potter W, Teague TK, Drevets WC.Simmons WK, et al.Mol Psychiatry. 2020 Jul;25(7):1457-1468. doi: 10.1038/s41380-018-0093-6. Epub 2018 Jun 13.Mol Psychiatry. 2020.PMID:29899546Free PMC article.
- Peripheral Markers of Depression.Nobis A, Zalewski D, Waszkiewicz N.Nobis A, et al.J Clin Med. 2020 Nov 24;9(12):3793. doi: 10.3390/jcm9123793.J Clin Med. 2020.PMID:33255237Free PMC article.Review.
Publication types
MeSH terms
Substances
Related information
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Medical
Research Materials