Movatterモバイル変換

[0]ホーム
URL:

Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
Thehttps:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

NIH NLM Logo
Log inShow account info
Access keysNCBI HomepageMyNCBI HomepageMain ContentMain Navigation
pubmed logo
Advanced Clipboard
User Guide

Full text links

Frontiers Media SA full text link Frontiers Media SA Free PMC article
Full text links

Actions

Share

doi: 10.3389/fchem.2014.00095. eCollection 2014.

Characterization of Epichloë coenophiala within the US: are all tall fescue endophytes created equal?

Affiliations

Characterization of Epichloë coenophiala within the US: are all tall fescue endophytes created equal?

Carolyn A Young et al. Front Chem..

Abstract

Tall fescue (Lolium arundinaceum) is a valuable and broadly adapted forage grass that occupies approximately 14 million hectares across the United States. A native to Europe, tall fescue was likely introduced into the US around the late 1800's. Much of the success of tall fescue can be attributed to Epichloë coenophiala (formerly Neotyphodium coenophialum) a seed borne symbiont that aids in host persistence. Epichloë species are capable of producing a range of alkaloids (ergot alkaloids, indole-diterpenes, lolines, and peramine) that provide protection to the plant host from herbivory. Unfortunately, most tall fescue within the US, commonly referred to as "Kentucky-31" (KY31), harbors the endophyte E. coenophiala that causes toxicity to grazing livestock due to the production of ergot alkaloids. Molecular analyses of tall fescue endophytes have identified four independent associations, representing tall fescue with E. coenophiala, Epichloë sp. FaTG-2, Epichloë sp. FaTG-3, or Epichloë sp. FaTG-4. Each of these Epichloë species can be further distinguished based on genetic variation that equates to differences in the alkaloid gene loci. Tall fescue samples were evaluated using markers to simple sequence repeats (SSRs) and alkaloid biosynthesis genes to determine endophyte strain variation present within continental US. Samples represented seed and tillers from the Suiter farm (Menifee County, KY), which is considered the originating site of KY31, as well as plant samples collected from 14 states, breeder's seed and plant introduction lines (National Plant Germplasm System, NPGS). This study revealed two prominent E. coenophiala genotypes based on presence of alkaloid biosynthesis genes and SSR markers and provides insight into endophyte variation within continental US across historical and current tall fescue samples.

Keywords: Kentucky-31 (KY31); Neotyphodium coenophialum; endophyte diversity; ergot alkaloids; fescue toxicosis.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
A timeline of significant events associated with endophyte-infected tall fescue. Citations include a, Cunningham, ; b, Jacobson et al., ; c, Fergus and Buckner, ; d, Bacon et al., ; e, Morgan-Jones and Gams, ; f, Lyons et al., ; g, Pedersen et al., ; h, Groppe et al., ; Moon et al., ; i, Panaccione et al., ; j, Bouton et al., ; k, Wang et al., ; l, Fleetwood et al., ; m, Schardl et al., .
Figure 2
Figure 2
Epichloë coenophiala profiles and infection frequencies of seed used in the development of the “Georgia 5” tall fescue cultivar. The five clones consisted of AM 1392, AM 2109, AM 2125, AM 2858, and AM 3084. The synthetic 3 generation represents the breeders seed increase from the five clones (Bouton et al., 1993b).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

See all "Cited by" articles

References

    1. Arachevaleta M., Bacon C. W., Hoveland C. S., Radcliffe D. E. (1989). Effect of the tall fescue endophyte on plant response to environmental stress. Agron. J. 81, 83–90 10.2134/agronj1989.00021962008100010015x - DOI
    1. Asay K., Frakes R. V., Buckner R. C. (1979). Breeding and cultivars, in Tall Fescue, eds Buckner R., Bush L. (Madison, WI: American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, Soil Science Society of America; ), 111–139.
    1. Bacon C., Porter J., Robbins J., Luttrell E. (1977). Epichloë typhina from toxic tall fescue grasses. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 34, 576–581. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Bacon C. W. (1988). Procedure for isolating the endophyte from tall fescue and screening isolates for ergot alkaloids. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 54, 2615–2618. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Bacon C. W., Lyons P. C., Porter J. K., Robbins J. D. (1986). Ergot toxicity from endophyte-infected grasses: a review. Agron. J. 78, 106–116. 10.2134/agronj1986.00021962007800010023x - DOI - PubMed

Related information

LinkOut - more resources

Full text links
Frontiers Media SA full text link Frontiers Media SA Free PMC article
Cite
Send To

NCBI Literature Resources

MeSHPMCBookshelfDisclaimer

The PubMed wordmark and PubMed logo are registered trademarks of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). Unauthorized use of these marks is strictly prohibited.

[8]ページ先頭
©2009-2025 Movatter.jp