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.2014 Jun 25:(420):69-85.
doi: 10.3897/zookeys.420.7645. eCollection 2014.

Morphological identification of Lucilia sericata, Lucilia cuprina and their hybrids (Diptera, Calliphoridae)

Affiliations

Morphological identification of Lucilia sericata, Lucilia cuprina and their hybrids (Diptera, Calliphoridae)

Kirstin A Williams et al. Zookeys..

Abstract

Hybrids of Lucilia sericata and Lucilia cuprina have been shown to exist in previous studies using molecular methods, but no study has shown explicitly that these hybrids can be identified morphologically. Published morphological characters used to identify L. sericata and L. cuprina were reviewed, and then scored and tested using specimens of both species and known hybrids. Ordination by multi-dimensional scaling indicated that the species were separable, and that hybrids resembled L. cuprina, whatever their origin. Discriminant function analysis of the characters successfully separated the specimens into three unambiguous groups - L. sericata, L. cuprina and hybrids. The hybrids were morphologically similar irrespective of whether they were from an ancient introgressed lineage or more modern. This is the first evidence that hybrids of these two species can be identified from their morphology. The usefulness of the morphological characters is also discussed and photographs of several characters are included to facilitate their assessment.

Keywords: Greenbottle blowflies; discriminant analysis; keys; morphology.

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Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Paravertical setulae, distance between the outer and inner vertical setae, the size of the angle at the inner vertical triangle and extent of metallic sheen on parafrontal sclerites.Lucilia sericata (A) andLucilia cuprina (B).
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Frontal stripe –Lucilia sericata (A) andLucilia cuprina (B).
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Colour of the frontoclypeal membrane.Lucilia sericata (A) andLucilia cuprina (B).
Figure 4.
Figure 4.
Number of setae on ‘quadrat’ between the anterior margin and discal setae on the scutellum.Lucilia sericata (A) andLucilia cuprina (B).
Figure 5.
Figure 5.
Posterior slope of the humeral callus behind the basal setae and the posterior edge of notopleuron behind the posterior notopleural seta.Lucilia sericata (A) andLucilia cuprina (B).
Figure 6.
Figure 6.
Non-metric Multi-Dimensional Scaling plot using a Manhattan distance metric using 11 characters. Light blue solid circles =Lucilia sericata, Green open circles =Lucilia cuprina, dark blue squares = introgressed hybrids, purple triangles = modern hybrids.
Figure 7.
Figure 7.
Ordination plot of the first two roots of the discriminant function analysis using seven characters. Ellipses represent 95% confidence regions. Light blue solid circles =Lucilia sericata, Green open circles =Lucilia cuprina, dark blue squares = introgressed hybrids, purple triangles = modern hybrids.
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References

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